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    Frequency of pharyngeal reflux in children with adenoid hyperplasia
    (ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2005) Keles, B; Ozturk, K; Arbag, H; Gunel, E; Ozer, B
    Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate whether there is any association between pharyngeal reflux and adenoid hyperplasia by using 24-h esophageal pH monitoring with a dual probe in children. Methods: The study group consisted of 30 children with adenoid hyperplasia, and the control group consisted of 12 healthy children, studied prospectively. All children underwent 24-h esophageal pH monitoring with a dual probe (distal and proximal esophageal pH monitoring). The results were evaluated by the Measurement and Analysis Software of Medical Measurement System program (Version: 7.2a). Results: In the study group, the frequency of pharyngeal reflux was 46.7% and the gastroesophageal reflux (GER) was 64.5%, while, in the control group, they were 8.3% and 25%, respectively. There was a significant difference between study and control groups for frequencies of pharyngeal reflux and GER. Mean adenoid nasopharyngeal ratio (ANR) was 0.78 +/- 0.11 in children with adenoid hyperplasia. There was not a significant difference between positive pharyngeal reflux, positive GER and mean ANR (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Children with adenoid hyperplasia had higher frequency of pharyngeal reflux than children at the same age healthy group. These results supported that pharyngeal reflux may play an important rote in the etiology of adenoid hyperplasia. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Increased expression of epidermal growth factor receptors in the tracheal epithelia after topical mitomycin-C in rabbits
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2005) Arbag, H; Avunduk, MC; Ozer, B; Ozturk, K; Ulku, CH
    The aim is to examine histopathological changes and expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in tracheal epithelia caused by application of topical mitomycin-C (MMC) in rabbit model after the tracheotomy procedure. The conventional tracheotomy was performed in 16 rabbits. They were randomly divided into two equal groups. The first group was applied MMC at a concentration of 0.4 mg/ml around tracheotomy for 5 min, and the other group was not taken a treatment as a control. The animals were sacrificed at the end of 4 weeks. Their tracheas were evaluated with H&E and Masson's trichrome histochemically, and with antiepidermal growth factor receptor immunohistochemically. Results showed that there was no significant difference between MMC and control group for inflammatory cells (P = 0.09). The numbers of fibroblasts and subepithelial tissue thickness in the group exposed to MMC were significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.05). In contrast, the percentage of EGFR in the application of MMC group was significantly higher than the control croup (P < 0.05). The application of topical MMC on airway epithelia after tracheotomy showed significant elevation in the levels of epithelial EGFR expression compared to controls in a rabbit model. The activation of epithelial EGFR may facilitate epithelial healing, but further studies are needed to assess the effect of topical MMC on respiratory epithelia. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Pharyngeal reflux in children with chronic otitis media with effusion
    (TAYLOR & FRANCIS AS, 2004) Keles, B; Ozturk, K; Gunel, E; Arbag, H; Ozer, B
    Objective - To investigate whether there is an association between chronic otitis media (COM) with effusion and pharyngeal reflux in children by using 24-h pH monitoring with a dual probe. Material and Methods - This was a prospective study. The study group consisted of 25 children with COM with effusion and the control group comprised 12 healthy children. All children underwent 24-h esophageal pH monitoring with a dual probe ( distal and proximal esophageal pH monitoring). Results - In the study group, the frequencies of pharyngeal and gastroesophageal reflux (GER) were 48% and 64%, respectively, and the corresponding values in the control group were 8.3% and 25%. Both of these differences were significant (p< 0.05). In the study group, 28% of patients were positive for at least 1 symptom of GER; 72% of the patients did not have any symptoms but 56% of these patients had silent GER. Conclusions - These findings indicate that pharyngeal reflux may play an important role in the etiology of COM with effusion. If patients have typical symptoms of GER, such as pyrosis, regurgitation, dysphagia and emesis, the presence of GER should be considered. The presence of silent GER and pharyngeal reflux should also be considered.