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Öğe Ampelographic and Molecular Diversity among Grapevine (Vitis spp.) Cultivars(CZECH ACADEMY AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2009) Sabir, Ali; Tangolar, Semih; Buyukalaca, Saadet; Kafkas, SalihThis study Presents the ampelographic and molecular characterization of 44 grapevine cultivars. Ampelographic data were obtained during two vegetation periods using the latest version of the descriptors. Based on the mean values transformed by the method indicated in IBPGR publications, a dendrogram was constructed. ISSR analysis was also employed to characterize the genotypes at the DNA level. Twenty primers, selected on the basis of their discriminating potential, generated a total of 157 bands, of which 140 were polymorphic. The dendrograms constructed by the two approaches were largely similar in both the Clustering position and diver-gence of varietal groups. The least distance was observed between Yuvarlak Cokirdeksiz and Superior Seedless. The clustering position of cultivars throughout the dendrograms was basically related to the genetic distances and main uses, as well as to geographic origins.Öğe Comparison of Green Grafting Techniques for Success and Vegetative Development of Grafted Grape Cultivars (Vitis Spp.)(FRIENDS SCIENCE PUBL, 2011) Sabir, AliGrafting incorporates a new grapevine cultivar onto the root system of a desired rootstock variety. Recently, many grafting methods have been used in grapevine propagation. A glasshouse trial was conducted to assess three different methods of green grafting (cleft, modified cleft & whip) using Alphonse Lavallee and Perlette cultivars and 99 R rootstock. The highest callusing rates were observed in whip graft type in both Alphonse Lavallee (3.95) and Perlette (3.92). However, modified cleft grafting generally gave better results for most of the growth parameters in both cultivars. For instance, the values relevant to shoot length (62.6 cm & 48.6 cm for Alphonse Lavallee & Perlette, respectively), shoot lignification length (24.7 cm & 16.5 cm for Alphonse Lavallee & Perlette, respectively) and leaf number per shoot (19.9 & 23.0 for Alphonse Lavallee & Perlette, respectively) were higher for both cultivars when modified cleft method was applied. (C) 2011 Friends Science PublishersÖğe DIURNAL DYNAMICS OF STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE AND LEAF TEMPERATURE OF GRAPEVINES (Vitis vitufera L.) IN RESPONSE TO DAILY CLIMATIC VARIABLES(WYDAWNICTWO AKAD ROLNICZEJ W LUBLINIE, 2015) Sabir, Ali; Yazar, KeyserFew studies examined the stomatal conductance (gs) characteristics of grapevines with an emphasis on daily climatic responses. In the present study, diurnal measurements on leaf temperature and gs of three grapevine cultivars (Alphonse Lavallee, Crimson Seedless and Italia) were carried out. The leaf temperature values for the cultivars at 08:30 were 25.0 +/- 1 degrees C and it increased to a maximum value between 12:00 and 14:50 p.m. After an almost steady course, it decreased along with the decrease in ambient temperature. The gs values increased from morning (08:30 a.m.) to mid-morning (10:30 a.m.) for all the cultivars. After reaching a peak level at mid-morning, the gs decreased gradually from the mid-morning throughout the afternoon. In the morning, the highest and the least gs values were obtained from Italia (232 mmol H2O m(-2) s(-1)) and Crimson Seedless (149.6 mmol H2O m(-2) S-1) cultivars. At around 10:30, the gs for Italia, Crimson Seedless and Alphonse Lavallee were at the highest levels with their valus 287.7, 262.1 and 242.0 mmol H2O m(-2) s(-1), respectively. The last measurements on gs at around 16:10 varied from to 96.7 (Italia) to 112.0 mmol H2O m-2 s-1 (Alphonse Lavallee). During the daily time course, the gs depended mainly on irradiance. T-leaf showed a strong relationship with T-air for all the cultivars. There was a strong, but negative correlation between leaf temperature and air humidity for all the cultivars.Öğe Effects of different rooting media and auxin treatments on the rooting ability of Rupestris du Lot (Vitis rupestris) rootstock cuttings(WFL PUBL, 2004) Sabir, Ali; Kara, Zeki; Kucukbasmact, Ferhan; Yucel, Namik KemalThe aim was to highlight the effects of rooting media and auxin treatments on rooting and shooting abilities of one bud Rupestris du Lot (Vitis rupestris) American rootstock cuttings. Eight different media (sand, perlite, peat, sawdust, sand+ perlite, perlite+ peat, sand+ perlite+ peat and perlite+ peat+ sawdust) with four different auxin treatments (control, 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm IBA) were examined under glasshouse conditions in which intermitted mist units were installed. In the scope of observations, rooting percentage (%), root number, root length (cm), root weight (g), shoot length (cm) and shoot diameter (mm) were determined. Among the media, sand was pioneering for the root number (11.24), root weight (1.33 g), shoot length (30.33 cm) and shoot diameter (3.12 mm), while perlite was the most appropriate media for rooting (93.3%). On the other hand, with the exception of 500 ppm IBA application, which generally augmented some observed criteria, high dose auxin treatments were not found beneficial on the examined investigations.Öğe Effects of modified atmosphere packing and honey dip treatments on quality maintenance of minimally processed grape cv. Razaki (V. vinifera L.) during cold storage(SPRINGER INDIA, 2011) Sabir, Ali; Sabir, Ferhan K.; Kara, ZekiIncreasing pressure in food conservation sector to replace chemical applications has urged researchers to focus on studying new strategies of extending the postharvest life of produces. In such efforts, numerous materials have been tested for their effectiveness as well as suitability in organic consumption. In this study, effects of modified atmosphere packing (MAP) and honey solution dip on maintenance of quality of minimally processed table grape cv. Razaki were investigated. During the storage at 0 A degrees C with relative humidity of 90%, MAP, honey dip, and their combined applications significantly retarded the weight loss of berries that retained about 2 mm of cap stem. Soluble solid contents of all berries slightly increased, while their acid amounts decreased, resulting in consecutive rises of maturity index. With respect to the sensory score, calculated as mean of ten panelists, honey treatment alone was ranked the highest while control berries had significantly lower value. Overall, MAP, honey solution dip or their combination significantly maintained the general quality of minimally processed grape by delaying quality loss and berry decay. Therefore, honey solution dip yielded promising results to use as an edible organic coating barrier to moisture and resist to water vapor diffusion during the cold storage, offering a good adherence to berry surface.Öğe EXTENDING POSTHARVEST QUALITY ATTRIBUTES OF GRAPES (V. vinifera L. cv. 'THOMPSON SEEDLESS') BY PREHARVEST CALCIUM PULVERIZATIONS(WYDAWNICTWO AKAD ROLNICZEJ W LUBLINIE, 2017) Sabir, Ferhan K.; Sabir, AliDemand for fresh grape is increasing globally in accordance with the improvement in living standard since the grape berry contains large amounts of phytochemicals including anthocyanins, phenolics, flavonoids and resveratrol, which have been suggested to be responsible for human health benefits. However, table grapes easily undergo deterioration due to their soft texture and the high water content, which make it difficult to preserve without treatment. This study was thus conducted to evaluate the effect of preharvest calcium sprays on maintenance of postharvest quality of grapes (V. vinifera L. cv. 'Thompson Seedless'). Three preharvest calcium sprays were applied to leaves and developing green berries with or without leaf removal pruning (a traditional practice performed in commercial vineyards worldwide) during berry development stages. After harvest, grapes were cold stored (1 degrees C, 90% R. H.) up to 3 months. Preharvest micronized calcium sprays, with or without leaf removal pruning, markedly extended the postharvest quality of grapes by delaying weight loss, reducing decay, maintaining rachis chlorophyll concentrations and preserving visual quality during the prolonged cold storage. Besides, in calcite-treated grapes, lower titratable acidity decrease courses with a subsequent lower maturity index during prolonged storage indicate that calcite sprays restricted postharvest physiological senescence of grapes. Overall findings indicated that preharvest calcite sprays may be an environmental-friendly, healthy and sustainable viticulture practice for extending postharvest quality of grapes.Öğe The fatty acid and tocopherol constituents of the seed oil extracted from 21 grape varieties (Vitis spp.)(WILEY, 2012) Sabir, Ali; Unver, Ahmet; Kara, ZekiBACKGROUND: Fatty acids and tocopherols in appropriate quantities are invaluable attributes that are desirable in seeds of agricultural products. Studies have generally focused on the evaluation of the oil and tocopherol components of oil crops. Recently, investigations revealed that the grape seed has robust potential in the production of healthy fatty acids as well as tocopherols. This study was thus conducted to determine the oil and tocopherol components of grape seeds, obtained from various grape cultivars of different species, including two rootstock varieties. RESULTS: The grape seed oil concentration of the studied varieties ranged from 7.3 to 22.4%. The determined fatty acid profiles of the genotypes conformed to the pattern described in the literature for grapes. Linoleic acid is the major component comprising 53.669.6% of the total, followed by oleic (16.231.2%), palmitic (6.912.9%) and stearic (1.444.69%). The oils of all the seeds analysed showed a preponderance of a-tocopherol (ranging from 260.5 to 153.1 mg kg-1 oil extract). beta-Tocopherol, ?-tocopherol and d-tocopherol were also detected with the general means of 0.98, 22.2 and 0.92 mg kg-1, respectively. Linoleic acid showed a significantly negative correlation with all the fatty acids analysed. The strongest negative correlation existed between linoleic and oleic acids (r = - 0.834, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Present investigations indicated that oil content, fatty acid composition and tocopherol constituents of grape seed show great variation among the genotypes. Markedly higher proportions of linoleic acid with considerable amounts of tocopherols found in the oil samples suggest that grape seed is a good source for culinary, pharmaceutical and cosmetic uses. Copyright (C) 2012 Society of Chemical IndustryÖğe Genetic Characterization of Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Cultivars from Turkey Using Molecular Markers(AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE, 2009) Kafkas, Salih; Dogan, Yildiz; Sabir, Ali; Turan, Ali; Seker, HasbiGenetic relationships among 18 Turkish hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) cultivars were investigated using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), intersimple sequence repeat (ISSR), and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Twenty-five RAPD primers, 25 ISSR primers, and eight AFLP primer pairs generated a total of 434 polymorphic marker loci. The three marker systems were able to differentiate the cultivars. Genetic similarity, index values ranged from a high of 0.96 for 'Kan' and 'UzunMusa' to a low of 0.73 for 'Yassi Badem' and 'Kalinkara'. The genetic relationships were presented as an unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) dendrogram and a three-dimensional principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) plot. The UPGMA dendrogram showed two main clusters, while PCoA analysis showed three groups. Cultivar-specific markers were produced by all marker systems for 10 cultivars. This study demonstrates the usefulness of molecular markers for identification of hazelnut cultivars.Öğe Genetic Identification and Conservation of Local Turkish Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Genotypes on the Edge of Extinction(SPRINGER, 2018) Sabir, Ali; Ikten, Hatice; Mutlu, Nedim; Sari, DuyguIn the second half of the nineteenth century, intensive renovation of vineyards took place due to the losses caused by phylloxera and local varieties were mostly replaced by several worldwide cultivars. Shift in genotypic structure in favor of modern cultivars resulted in the decrease or even disappearance of regionally typical local varieties. A total of sixty five Turkish grape genotypes, including 5 references (four cultivars and one rootstock), were genotyped with 16 SSR and 15 SRAP markers. Sixteen SSR primers generated a total of 60 SSR amplicons in which 43 were polymorphic with 73.4% average polymorphism percentage. A total of 111 well-resolved clear DNA bands were obtained from 15 SRAP primers. Of these bands, 53 were highly polymorphic with an average of 47.74%. Cluster analysis based on pooled marker data generated a well resolved grouping pattern. The analyzed genotypes grouped basing on their geographical belongings. There were many cultivar pairs on the dendrogram most of which occurred between 0.75 and 0.90 levels. SSR and SRAP data revealed a wide genetic variability as well as certain synonyms among the historical grape varieties cultivated for decades in local vineyards lengthwise the mountainous regions of Konya, Karaman and Mersin provinces. All the genotypes have been maintained in a grapevine germplasm glasshouse. Preservation and use of these endangered genotypes will be helpful to avoid genetic erosion and diversity loss in this part of Turkey. Also, the molecular data generated in this study could be of great use in determining the optimal breeding strategies to allow continued progress in grapevine breeding.Öğe Growth and Mineral Acquisition Response of Grapevine Rootstocks (Vitis spp.) to Inoculation with Different Strains of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)(WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2012) Sabir, Ali; Yazici, M. Atilla; Kara, Zeki; Sahin, FikrettinBACKGROUND: Effects of the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains Burkholderia gladii BA-7, Bacillus subtilis OSU-142, Bacillus megatorium M-3 and Azospirillum brasilense Sp 245 on vegetative development and mineral uptake of 1103 P and 41 B grapevine rootstocks were investigated. The roots of nursery plants of the grapevine rootstocks were immersed in bacterial solutions and transplanted to a sterilised peat and perlite mixture in 5 L pots. Plants were cultivated in a semi-controlled glasshouse during the vegetation period. RESULTS: Vegetative development of grapevine rootstocks was obviously promoted by bacterial inoculation, with the maximum increase induced by Sp 245. Inoculation with Sp 245 also significantly improved the chlorophyll concentrations of the leaves of the two rootstocks. Among the bacteria, OSU-142 also significantly stimulated vegetative development and mineral acquisition of the plants. Nutrient contents of the leaf blades of the plants were generally higher than those of control plants. CONCLUSION: Overall investigations revealed that A. brasilense Sp 245 and B. subtilis OSU-142 performed more efficiently than the other strains. Therefore these bacteria seem to have considerable potential in reducing the need for inorganic fertiliser. Copyright (C) 2012 Society of Chemical Industry.Öğe Improvement of grafting efficiency in hard grafting grape Berlandieri hybrid rootstocks by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)(ELSEVIER, 2013) Sabir, AliCertain grapevine rootstocks in Vitis berlandieri hybrids (such as 41 B, one of the most important rootstocks used in worldwide viticulture) have great potential to use owing to its great resistance to calcareous soils and phylloxera. But their use is limited due to the difficulties in propagation and grafting. PGPR is reported to stimulate division and enlargement of plant cells that might result in better fusion at graft union point. This investigation was thus conducted to reveal the effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas putida strain BA-8, Bacillus simplex strain T7) on callus formation, graft success, vegetative development and subsequent bud fruitfullness of Alphonse Lavallee grape cultivar. The green softwood shoots of Alphonse Lavallee (AL) grape were grafted on the rootstocks 41 B or 1103 P by modified cleft green-grafting technique in controlled glasshouse. Before grafting, the single scion nodes were divided into four treatment groups. Three of them were separately dipped into bacterial suspension (10(9) CFU ml(-1)) of either of two strains or their combination for an hour. One of the treatment groups was dipped into the tap water (as control). Each treatment has contained thirty grafts, divided into three replicates. In both graft combinations, combined application of BA-8 and T7 strains resulted in 100% callusing compared with the uninoculated control where the percentages were 93.3 and 90.0% for AL/41 B and AL/1103 P combinations, respectively. Individual or combined applications of the strains also had remarkably positive influences on full callusing rates. The highest shoot length values were obtained from combined application (113.5 cm) and BA-8 strains (100.9 cm) in AL/41 B and AL/1103 P graft combinations, respectively. Inoculation of the graft scion parts with BA-8 strain resulted in the highest shoot lignification lengths in both AL/41 B and AL/1103 P combinations with the values of 75.4 and 75.6 cm, respectively while uninoculated grafts of the representing combinations were as low as 59.0 and 55.3 cm. In AL/41B, the highest (100%) graft survival rate in nursery was recorded in plants treated with bacterial combination. Combined application as well as BA-8 performed better in AL/1103P. The findings imply that PGPR can be employed in ecological and sustainable production of nursery material and point to the feasibility of commercially synthetic auxin replacement by PGPR-based ecological treatment. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Influences of Self- and Cross-pollinations on Berry Set, Seed Characteristics and Germination Progress of Grape (Vitis vinifera cv. Italia)(FRIENDS SCIENCE PUBL, 2011) Sabir, AliThe effects of self-and cross-pollinations of Italia grape cultivar (Vitis vinifera L.) on berry set, seed number per berry, viable seed rate, seed sizes, germination rate and seed germination period were investigated. For cross-pollination, Rupestris du Lot (V. rupestris), 1103 P and 140 Ru rootstocks (V. berlandieri x V. rupestris) were used as pollen sources. Variation in berry setting and seed number per berry were non-significant, while significant differences were found in other seed characteristics. The highest viable seed rate was obtained from the clusters pollinated with 1103 P (91.7%). One hundred seed weight was between 3.62 (self-pollination) and 5.76 (Italia x 140 Ru). 140 Ru and 1103 P pollens induced to produce significantly heavier seeds than other pollen sources. The germination rates of seeds were significantly higher when 1103 P and Rupestris du Lot rootstocks were used as pollinator (60.6 & 56.7%, respectively). The pollen sources had also significant effects on seed width, height and thickness of Italia. The highest seed width and thickness values were measured in crosses of Italia x 140 Ru (4.95 & 4.12 mm, respectively). Seed germination commenced at 12(nd) day after the seeds were put to germinate. The first germination appeared in the seeds of the crosses of Italia with rootstocks. Italia x Italia seeds began to germinate 14 days after putting into the dishes. In conclusion, pollen sources had significant effects on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Italia seeds. (C) 2011 Friends Science PublishersÖğe MAINTENANCE OF POSTHARVEST QUALITY OF BLACKBERRY (Rubus fructicosus L.) FRUITS THROUGH SALICYLIC ACID AND CaCl2 IMMERSIONS(WYDAWNICTWO AKAD ROLNICZEJ W LUBLINIE, 2019) Sabir, Ferhan; Sabir, Ali; Ozcelik, Sevil; Kucukbasmaci, AlperBlackberries (Rubus spp.) have significant nutraceutical properties, providing phenolic compounds for the consumers. These compounds are useful to human health due to their high antioxidant activity. However, most blackberries destined for fresh markets become unmarketable in 2 to 3 days due to decay and leakage, because they have thin and fragile skin. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of salicylic acid (SA) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) on extending the postharvest quality and bioactive compounds of blackberry during refrigerated storage. Blackberry fruits cv. 'Jumbo' were dipped in 2% CaCl2 or in 2.0 mM salicylic acid (SA) for 10 min. Total soluble solids contents, titratable acidity, pH, ascorbic acid contents, total phenolics contents, and total antioxidant activity were investigated initially on 4th, 7th, or 10th day (d) of storage. Changes in fresh weight, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid and total phenol contents were markedly delayed by both treatments. Berries treated with 2 mM SA or 2% CaCl2 exhibited markedly better visual quality during the storage period. Considering the overall findings, this study revealed that postharvest SA or CaCl2 applications maintained the storage-life and conserved the valuable marketing features of blackberries over 10 d in cold storage, presumably due to their inhibitory effects on fruit senescence.Öğe PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF GRAPEVINE (V. vinifera L. CV. 'ITALIA') LEAF TO WATER DEFICIT UNDER DIFFERENT ROOTSTOCK EFFECTS(WYDAWNICTWO AKAD ROLNICZEJ W LUBLINIE, 2016) Sabir, AliExtreme weather conditions with prolonged dry periods and high temperature can severely influence grapevine physiology and morphology. Understanding the physiological and morphological responses of grapevines to water deficit is thus of utmost importance to modulate the appropriate plant development. The present study evaluates the effects of deficit irrigation (DI) on certain leaf characteristics of grapevine cv. 'Italia' cultivated on different rootstocks. DI had remarkable effects on the growth, morphology, tissue structure, water status and physiology of grapevine leaf. Response of the 'Italia' cultivar to DI depended on rootstock used. For example, leaf fresh weight of `Italia'/5 BB under DI decreased by 15.2% in comparison to full irrigation (FI), whereas fresh weight values for 'Italia'/99 R and own-rooted vines under DI decreased 6.2 and 10.5%, respectively. Under FI treatment, stomatal conductance (g(s)) reached values of 189.0 mmol m(-2) s(-1) in 'Italia'/5 BB, and 178.8 mmol m(-2) s(-1) in 'Italia'/99 R The gs values under DI condition were 178.1 and 164.0 mmol m(-2) S-1 for the vines on 5 BB and 99 R respectively. Stomatal conductance decreased about 21.1, 13.8 and 10.2% in vines cultivated on 5 BB, 99 R and own root, respectively. In response to DI, leaf relative water content decreased about 9.4, 4.1 and 3.9% for 'Italia'/5 BB vines, own roots, and 'Italia'/99 R, respectively. Combined data over years revealed that the vines cultivated on 99 R displayed more tolerant leaf growth and physiology to drought in comparison to vines on 5 BB.Öğe Postharvest Quality Maintenance of Table Grapes cv. 'Alphonse Lavall,e' by Exogenous Applications of Salicylic Acid, Oxalic Acid and MAP(SPRINGER, 2017) Sabir, Ferhan K.; Sabir, AliTreating the grape with elicitors such as jasmonic, oxalic or salicylic acid can reportedly activate several defense mechanisms, including the accelerated expression of defense genes, enhances in the cell wall composition, and the accumulation of antimicrobial compounds such as phytoalexins. Salicylic acid (SA) and oxalic acid (OA) with or without MAP (Modified Atmosphere Packaging) were tested for their effects on extending storage life of grapes cv. 'Alphonse Lavall,e'. After treatments (control, MAP, 5 mM OA, 2 mM SA, SA + MAP, OA + MAP) grapes were stored at 1 A degrees C, 90% R.H. up to 60 days. Overall, all the treatments had significant positive effects on postharvest quality of grapes. SA + MAP was the most effective treatment with the lowest weight loss and decay incidence, the greatest rachis chlorophyll content and berry detachment force at the end of 60 d storage. Effects of SA were also very close to those obtained by the combined treatment. SA alone or SA + MAP treatment may be recommended as an environmental friendly, healthy and sustainable method for extending postharvest quality of grapes up to 60 d, without significant adverse effect on produces. Considering the cost and ease of application, SA alone could be preferred as an effective alternative strategy for traditional chemical treatments.Öğe Quality response of table grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) during cold storage to postharvest cap stem excision and hot water treatments(WILEY, 2013) Sabir, Ferhan K.; Sabir, AliBerry quality, total phenol, sensory characteristics and decay incidence of grapes (V. vinifera cvs. Mukule and Red Globe) as affected by prestorage hot water immersion with or without cap stem excision treatments were investigated with 7-day interval during storage at 1 degrees C for 21days. Weight loss occurred mainly up to the second week and was more pronounced for the untreated control samples subjected to the stem excision. In Mukule, the least weight loss value was obtained from hot watertreated grapes (0.62%), while the highest loss occurred in control grapes of stem-excised berries (0.96%). Immersion of stem-retained grapes in hot water was the best applications for maintenance of overall storage quality for both cultivars. According to panellist scores, it is evident that hot water has positive effect on maintaining the minimally processed table grapes without altering the flavour and taste of the commodity. Stem-retained berries of hot water treatment had the highest score for both Mukule and Red Globe, with their values 3.8 and 4.2, respectively, while the least values were obtained from stem-excised berries of untreated control group of both the cultivars (1.9 and 3.0, respectively). At the end of three-week storage, the least decay rates were determined in stem-retained berries that received hot water treatment (5.3% for Mukule and 1.1% for Red Globe). Attenuate influence of brief high temperature exposure on ripening parameters (SSC, TA, MI, pH) was also observed. Postharvest hot water treatment may be used as a nonchemical means to extent storage life of minimally processed grapes with its alleviating effect on physiological disorders. Cap stem retaining in minimal processing can be recommended to maintain the quality of grapes.Öğe RESPONSE OF GRAPEVINE (Vitis vinifera L.) LEAVES TO DIFFERENT LEAF FERTILIZERS UNDER A SEMI-ARID CONDITION(WYDAWNICTWO AKAD ROLNICZEJ W LUBLINIE, 2016) Dilek, Mehmet; Sabir, AliEver-increasing shortage in global agricultural water sources urged the researchers to investigate sustainable strategies for alleviating the negative effects of drought on plants in semi arid or arid regions. In this sense, foliar fertilization gained particular significance as it supports the plant to cope with water shortage. This study was conducted to investigate the leaf physiological response of the grapevine 'Narince' to various organic leaf fertilizers. Leaf protein content was also determined to compare treatment effects on nutritional value of grape leaves since the leaves of this cultivar are consumed in various ways. Both stomatal conductance, leaf chlorophyll and protein content increased in response to leaf fertilizers in varying degrees according to the products used. To illustrate, Herbagreen pulverization resulted in the highest stomatal conductance (gs) (324.7 mmol H2O m(-2) s(-1)), and was followed by Cropset (323.5 mmol H2O m(-2) si) while the lowest gs value was obtained from control vines (295.4 mmol H2O m(2) s(-1)). The highest chlorophyll and protein contents were obtained from ISR 2000 (32.9 mg kg(-1)) and Maxicrop (21.5%) treatments, respectively. Leaf chlorophyll content had a significant positive correlation with leaf protein content when all the observations were pooled. Therefore, the organic leaf fertilizers can be considered as a safe, sustainable and innovative strategies to support plants to cope with drought.Öğe The Response of Soilless Grown 'Michele Palieri' (Vitis vinifera L.) Grapevine Cultivar to Deficit Irrigation Under the Effects of Different Rootstocks(SPRINGER, 2018) Sabir, Ali; Sahin, ZekiyeGlobal warming, altering the physiology and irrigation demand of grapevines, has already been perceived in certain premium viticulture regions across the world. Selection of proper rootstocks for especially new cultivars has vital role for asustainable viticulture under water-deficit conditions. The grapevine cultivar 'Michele Palieri' has been finding a good reception on the global markets. The objective of this study was to determine the response of 'Michele Palieri' cultivar to deficit irrigation using different rootstocks with distinct genetic origins. Two irrigation regimes (Full Irrigation [FI] and Deficit Irrigation [DI]) were applied to the vines of different grafting combinations of 'Michele Palieri' with Kober 5 BB, Richter 99, Richter 110, 140 Ruggeri, 44-53 Malegue or grown on own roots. Two years old vines were cultivated in 60L pots containing sterile peat under controlled glasshouse conditions. Irrigations were regulated according to soil water matric potential (m) levels using tensiometers. The volume of the irrigation water that has to be applied to attain 100% field capacity was performed as FI, while 50% of FI was considered as DI. The water was transported directly into the pots by micro-irrigation systems consisting of individual spaghetti tubes. The vines of DI treatment showed visible symptoms of mild water stress (e.g., loss of turgor in shoot tips), but no defoliation or leaf necrosis occurred. DI treatment reduced the gs of 'Michele Palieri' scion cultivar in varying levels depending on the rootstock. DI treatment also affected vegetative growth of the scion cultivar in different levels. For example, the greatest decrease (26.7%) in shoot length resulting from DI was determined in 'Michele Palieri'/5 BB grapevines, followed by own rooted vines (13.1%), while the lowest change (2.4%) was found in vines grafted on 110R. Overall findings of this study imply that the rootstocks originating from V. berlandiery x V. rupestris hybrids (110R, 99R, 140Ru and 44-53M) better performed in a similar genetic aptitude under deficit irrigation regime while the rootstock 5 BB (V. berlandiery x V.rupestris) showed more susceptible responses. On the other hand, the general response of own rooted vines were better than those grafted on 5 BB. Therefore, the use of one of V. berlandiery x V. rupestris hybrids may be abetter choice for viticulture under semiarid regions.Öğe Sustainable Mitigation of Alkaline Stress in Grapevine Rootstocks (Vitis spp.) by Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria(SPRINGER, 2018) Karaca, Ummuhan; Sabir, AliPractical use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on plants under stress conditions remains elusive because most of the studies focused on merely evaluating the plant growth-promoting effects on non-stressed plants. This study focused on the effect of root inoculation of different PGPRs on the growth and physiology of grapevine rootstocks 41 B, 99 R and 140 Ru grown in soilless culture with elevated pH. The rootstocks in pots under glasshouse condition were inoculated with Agrobacterium rubi A18 and Bacillus subtilis OSU 142 bacteria in early spring. To increase the pH of growth medium, the plants were watered with 250 mL plant(-1) bicarbonate solution (840 g L-1 NaHCO3) four times (beginning at 3-4 cm shoot growth) with one-month interval during the vegetation. Along with the bicarbonate supplementation to growth medium, root rhizosphere pH increased from an initial value 7.76 to the final values between 8.10 and 8.26. Although the bacteria population decreased progressively, they were able to alleviate the negative effects of high pH by improving vegetative growth, leaf physiology and nutrient acquisition in many cases. The bacteria strains employed in this study can be recommended to support grapevine growth and physiology under alkaline conditions for a sustainable and environment-friendly viticulture.Öğe VINE GROWTH AND YIELD RESPONSE OF ALPHONSE LAVALLE (V-vinifera L.) GRAPEVINES TO PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA UNDER ALKALINE CONDITION IN SOILLESS CULTURE(WYDAWNICTWO AKAD ROLNICZEJ W LUBLINIE, 2017) Sabir, Ali; Karaca, Ummuhan; Yazar, Kevser; Sabir, Ferhan K.; Yazici, M. Atilla; Dogan, Osman; Kara, ZekiHigh carbonate content in soil negatively affect plant growth, because the availability of nutrients is restricted due to high pH. The present investigations were carried out to reveal possible alleviating effects of the exogenous root inoculation PGPRs on development and physiology of soilless-grown grapevines cultivated under alkaline stress in controlled glass house. pH of growth medium was increased from 7.5 to the values ranging from 7.9 (control) to 8.1 (A18) according to the bacterial inoculations by NaHCO3 supplementations. Bacteria inoculations did not result in statistically significant differences in pH values of growth media. The bacterial population density found in the rhizosphere of grapevines ranged from 6 x 108 CFU mL(-1) (M-3) to 9 x 108 CFU mL(-1) (Ca-637). The highest value of shoot thickness was obtained from Ca-637 (5.3 mm), followed by A18 (5.2mm), while M3 did not significantly affected the shoot thickness. The greatest pruning residue per vine was obtained from A18 treatment (81.5 g), followed by Ca-637 (80.8 g) while the lowest value was determined in control. Vine yield was the greatest with A18 (1128 g) treatment and was followed by Ca 637 (1059 g). Considering the general observations, root inoculation of PGPRs A18 and Ca-637 may be recommended in enhancing bioremediation of alkali growth media.
