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Öğe Berry set and quality response of soilless grown ‘Prima’grapes to foliar and inflorescence pulverization of various substances under glasshouse condition(SPRINGER, 2019) Sabir, Ali.; Sabir, Ferhan.; Kara, Zeki.; Gayretli, Yasin.; Mohammed, Orhan Jamal Mohammed.; Jawshle, Akram Ibrahim Mohammed.; Kus, Ayse Dilsat.Biotic and abiotic stress factors reduce the yield of major crops and pressurize the agricultural production worldwide. Recently increased climate change events forced the growers to employ protected cultivation techniques which favor pests and disease incidences. Sustainable methods to mitigate the plant stresses and cope with the pathogens possess great significant to sustain economic productivity. This study was designed to investigate effect of commonly used chemicals (triadimenol and deltamethrin), plant growth activator (micronized calcite), zinc nutrition, and beneficial bacteria (Bacillus subtilis) at two growth stages (full bloom and berry set) on beery set and quality of table grape cv 'Prima'. After the first application at full bloom, neither of the treatments resulted in visible damages on flowers. Micronized calcite, Zn and B. subtilis markedly improved the berry set. Zn and B. subtilis also enhanced subsequent berry development and cluster size, reduced the berry decay rate. Finally, these treatments increased the grape yield and therefore could be recommended to practice as environment friendly and sustainable strategies under protected cultivation techniques.Öğe Long-term impact of deficit irrigation on the physiology and growth of grapevine cv. 'Prima'grafted on various rootstocks(WYDAWNICTWO AKAD ROLNICZEJ W LUBLINIE, 2019) Kucukbasmaci, Alper.; Sabir, Ali.Testing the globally popular grapevine rootstocks for affinity with new grape cultivars or tolerance potential to stress factors like drought is essential for districts where supplemental irrigation is more frequently needed due to the pressures of a global climate change. In this study, a seasonal evaluation of leaf gas exchange, leaf temperature, leaf greenness (chlorophyll content prediction) and vegetative development of This vinifera L. cv. 'Prima' grafted to different rootstock genotypes having great variability in drought tolerance, were investigated. The experiment was conducted in a controlled experimental glasshouse on two-year-old soilless grown 'Prima' vines grafted on nine rootstocks [44-53 M, 5 BB, 140 Ru, Ramsey (Syn. Salt Creek), 99 R, Saint George (Syn. Rupestris du Lot), 41 B, 1613 C and 420 A]. A long-term deficit irrigation (DI) was imposed before bud break by reducing water supply to 40% of field capacity derived from concurrent measurements of water content of growth medium and maintained until the end of vegetation period. The rootstocks significantly modulated the physiology and vegetative growth of the scion cultivar in varying degrees according to their genetic features. Among them, 140 Ru rootstock found to be more prominent in terms of mitigating the adverse effect of water deficit on physiology and growth of the scion genotype 'Prima' as there were no significant difference between deficit and full irrigation treatments for most of parameters investigated. In general, the 'Prima' scion performed better when the rootstocks coming from V. berlandieri x inpestris pedigree rather than the others including V. berlendieri x V. riparia.Öğe Postharvest quality extension of minimally processed table grapes by chitosan coating(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2019) Sabir, Ferhan K.; Sabir, Ali.; Unal, Sevil.; Taytak, Merve.; Kucukbasmaci, Alper.; Bilgin, Omer Faruk.Demand for fresh grapes is increasing globally due to their rich composition in phenolic compounds, which have a strong antioxidant capacity. However, fresh table grapes deteriorate rapidly due to berry water loss and pathogen growth, which make it difficult to preserve without treatment. Chitosan coating, as a healthy, simple and innovative technology against to common SO2 fumigation, was tested at various concentrations (0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 2.0%) for the effectiveness on postharvest quality extension of detached grapes of 'Alphonse Lavallee' cultivar. Chitosan coating at all doses significantly retarded the loss in berry weight, extended the skin rupture force and total phenol content. Visual quality was higher due to coating the berries with chitosan. Chitosan at all concentrations was effective on delaying maturity index (used to express postharvest senescence) and changes in berry colour values such as L*, C and Hue angle. Among the applied doses, 1% chitosan solution can be recommended to apply since higher doses were more effective with similar results on overall quality features of berries. Overall findings demonstrated that chitosan as an edible coating with their unique barrier can be utilized as a natural preservative of detached grapes to extend the postharvest quality up to 28 days.Öğe Pre-harvest micronized calcium and postharvest UV-C treatments extend the quality of 'Crimson Seedless' (Vitis vinifera L.) grapes(SPRINGER, 2019) Sabir, Ferhan K.; Sabir, Ali.Certain postharvest disorders such as rachis desiccation, weight loss, accelerated softening and biochemical changes limit the postharvest life of table grapes. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of pre-harvest micronized calcium pulverizations, postharvest UV-C treatment and their combined applications on extending postharvest quality of table grapes cv 'Crimson Seedless'. Pre-harvest micronized calcium pulverization was performed to improve rachis greenness and berry resistance while postharvest UV-C was aimed to induce physiological resistance and delay senescence in grape berries. Ca treatments significantly increased chlorophyll concentrations of rachis while Ca plus UV-C was the best treatment to maintain rachis chlorophyll concentration. UV-C with or without pre-harvest Ca treatment effectively delayed the weight loss during the storage. Ca delayed the increase of SSC during the storage. All the treatments, particularly postharvest UV-C, significantly delayed the berry senescence by delaying the decrease in acidity. UV-C with or without Ca, with the lowest values, significantly retarded the changes in phenols and decreased the berry decay. Ca plus UV-C treatment also effectively maintained the skin rupture force during the storage. Overall, pre-harvest micronized Ca pulverizations plus postharvest UV-C treatment can be recommended to extent the quality of table grapes cv. 'Crimson Seedless' up to 120 days at cold storage.Öğe Zinc pulverization alleviates the adverse effect of water deficit on plant growth, yield and nutrient acquisition in grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.)(ELSEVIER, 2019) Sabir, Ali.; Sari, Gamze.Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is an important dryland pulse crop in many parts of the world. However, productivity and quality are often limited by periods of water deficit. In a number of drought regions, drought is accompanied with zinc (Zn) deficiency, one of the most serious problems causing significant decreases in yield and quality in viticulture. In spite of this fact, possible effect of Zn treatment to alleviate the adverse effect of water stress on grapevines has not been studied. A pot culture research was designed under controlled glasshouse condition with the objective to investigate the effects of Zn pulverization on growth, physiology and nutrient acquisition of grapevine cultivars 'Italia' and 'Alphonse Lavallee' subjected to different irrigation levels. Six years old grapevines of the cultivars grafted on a drought tolerant rootstock Richter 99 (Berlandieri x Rupestris) were cultivated in pots (70 L) and subjected to two different irrigation regimes, FI-100% (replenishing the substrate water storage up to field capacity) and DI (40% of FI). Half of the vines for each irrigation group received leaf Zn pulverization (1%) twice (prior to flowering and berry set). DI caused overall decreases in shoot and leaf developments of cultivars, while Zn pulverization had alleviating effects on such vegetative growth in general. Generally, leaf chlorophyll content of the vines was also improved by Zn under both FI and DI conditions. Spraying of the leaves and green bunches with chelated Zn supported the grapevines of both cultivars 'Italia' and 'Alphonse Lavallee' in varying degrees by improving acquisition of many plant nutrients, promoting the vegetative and generative developments. Considering the overall response of the vines to Zn pulverization with a particular concern to DI condition, improved shoot and leaf growth, greener leaves, enhanced berry development and vine yield allow us to recommend Zn spraying as an environmentally friendly and sustainable cultural practice under drought stress which has been increasing with global climate change.
