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Öğe Clinical heterogeneity can hamper the diagnosis of patients with ZAP70 deficiency(SPRINGER, 2009) Turul, Tuba; Tezcan, İlhan; Artaç, Hasibe; de Bruin-Versteeg, Sandra; Barendregt, Barbara H.; Reisli, İsmail; Sanal, ÖzdenOne of the severe combined immunodeficiencies (SCIDs), which is caused by a genetic defect in the signal transduction pathways involved in T-cell activation, is the ZAP70 deficiency. Mutations in ZAP70 lead to both abnormal thymic development and defective T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling of peripheral T-cells. In contrast to the lymphopenia in most SCID patients, ZAP70-deficient patients have lymphocytosis, despite the selective absence of CD8(+)T-cells. The clinical presentation is usually before 2 years of age with typical findings of SCID. Here, we present three new ZAP70-deficient patients who vary in their clinical presentation. One of the ZAP70- deficient patients presented as a classical SCID, the second patient presented as a healthy looking wheezy infant, whereas the third patient came to clinical attention for the eczematous skin lesions simulating atopic dermatitis with eosinophilia and elevated immunoglobulin E (IgE), similar to the Omenn syndrome. This study illustrates that awareness of the clinical heterogeneity of ZAP70 deficiency is of utmost importance for making a fast and accurate diagnosis, which will contribute to the improvement of the adequate treatment of this severe immunodeficiency.Öğe Identification of a Novel Mutation in the Complement Factor 3 Gene in a Patient With Recurrent Pneumococcal Pneumonia(Springer/plenum Publishers, 2012) Santos-Valente, Elisangela; Reisli, İsmail; Artaç, Hasibe; Ott, Raphael; Sanal, Özden; Boztug, KaanPurpose Immunological and molecular evaluation of a pa tient presenting with recurrent infections caused by Strepto coccus pneumoniae and low complement component 3 (C3) levels. Methods Immunological evaluation included complement components and immunoglobulin level quantification as well as number and function of T cells, B cells and neutro phils. Serotype-specific immunoglobulin G antibodies against S. pneumoniae capsular polysaccharides were quan tified by ELISA in serum samples before and after vaccina tion with unconjugated polysaccharide vaccine. For the molecular analysis, genomic DNA from the patient and parents were isolated and all exons as well as exon-intron boundaries of the C3 gene were sequenced by Sanger sequencing. Results A 16-year-old male, born to consanguineous parents, presented with recurrent episodes of pneumonia caused by S. pneumoniae and bronchiectasis. The patient showed severely reduced C3 and immunoglobulin A levels, while the parents showed moderately reduced levels of C3. Mutational analysis revealed a novel, homozygous missense mutation in the C3 gene (c. C4554G, p. Cys1518Trp), substituting a highly conserved amino acid in the C345C domain of C3 and interrupting one of its disulfide bonds. Both parents were found to be carriers of the affected allele. Vaccination against S. pneumoniae resulted in considerable clinical improvement.Öğe A Novel Mutation in the Complement Component 3 Gene in a Patient with Selective IgA Deficiency(SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS, 2013) Santos-Valente, Elisangela; Reisli, İsmail; Artaç, Hasibe; Ott, Raphael; Sanal, Özden; Boztuğ, KaanPurpose Immunological and molecular evaluation of a patient presenting with recurrent infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and low complement component 3 (C3) levels. Methods Immunological evaluation included complement components and immunoglobulin level quantification as well as number and function of T cells, B cells and neutrophils. Serotype-specific immunoglobulin G antibodies against S. pneumoniae capsular polysaccharides were quantified by ELISA in serum samples before and after vaccination with unconjugated polysaccharide vaccine. For the molecular analysis, genomic DNA from the patient and parents were isolated and all exons as well as exon-intron boundaries of the C3 gene were sequenced by Sanger sequencing. Results A 16-year-old male, born to consanguineous parents, presented with recurrent episodes of pneumonia caused by S. pneumoniae and bronchiectasis. The patient showed severely reduced C3 and immunoglobulin A levels, while the parents showed moderately reduced levels of C3. Mutational analysis revealed a novel, homozygous missense mutation in the C3 gene (c. C4554G, p. Cys1518Trp), substituting a highly conserved amino acid in the C345C domain of C3 and interrupting one of its disulfide bonds. Both parents were found to be carriers of the affected allele. Vaccination against S. pneumoniae resulted in considerable clinical improvement. Conclusions We report a novel homozygous mutation in the C3 gene in a patient with concomitant selective IgA deficiency who presented with a marked clinical improvement after vaccination against S. pneumoniae. This observation underlines the notion that vaccination against this microorganism is an important strategy for treatment of PID patients, particularly those presenting with increased susceptibility to infections caused by this agent.Öğe Ülkemizde kronik granülomatöz hastalık tanılı olguların demografik verileri ve interferon-gama tedavisi öncesi ve sonrası klinik verilerinin karşılaştırılması(2013) Filiz, Serkan; Kocacık, Dilara Fatma Uygun; Sanal, Özden; Camcıoğlu, Yıldız; Somer, Ayper; Barlan, Işıl; Kılıç, ŞebnemGiriş: Kronik granülomatöz hastalık (KGH): Fagositik hücrelerin, bazı bakteri ve mantarları fagosite ettikten sonra öldürememesiyle karakterize heterojen, kalıtsal primer bir immünyetmezlik hastalığıdır. Doğal ve kazanılmış bağışıklık yanıtta rol oynayan interferon-gama (INF-?), KGH tedavisinde uzun yıllardır kullanılmasına rağmen etkinliği hala tartışılmaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda, 14 immünoloji merkezinde KGH tanısıyla takip edilen toplam 57 hastanın demografik verileri, infeksiyöz ve granülomatöz komplikasyonlar gibi klinik bulgularına ait verileri, INF-? tedavisi öncesi ve sonrası anket formları üzerinden değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 57 hastanın 14 (%25)’ü kadın ve 43 (%75)’ü erkekti. Yaş ortalaması 10.9 7.4 yıl iken tanı yaşı ortalaması ise 4.9 4.8 yıl olarak saptandı. Hastaların %56’sında akrabalık öyküsü ve %60’ında ise ailede primer immünyetmezlik (PİY) öyküsü vardı. Olguların %95’i trimetoprim-sülfametoksazol (TMP-SMX) ve %89.5’i itrakonazol tedavisi alırken %60’ı INF-? kullanıyordu. INF-? alanlarda, almayanlara göre ciddi infeksiyon, pnömoni, yumuşak doku infeksiyonu ve lenfadenit gibi infeksiyöz komplikasyonların sıklığının daha az olduğu görüldü. Ayrıca, INF-? alanlarda, aspergillozis infeksiyonu, organ apsesi, granülomatöz reaksiyon sıklığının daha az olduğu saptandı. Hastaların KGH alt tiplerine göre yıllık infeksiyöz komplikasyonları karşılaştırıldığında; gp91phox alt tipinde INF-? alan grupta infeksiyon sıklığının daha az olduğu görüldü. Sonuç: KGH’li olguların demografik ve klinik özelliklerini yansıtan çalışmamız göstermiştir ki, KGH’de INF-? profilaksisi tedavisi, infeksiyöz ve granülomatöz komplikasyon sıklığını azaltmakta ve bu tedavi özellikle gp91phox alt tipinde etkili olmaktadır.
