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Öğe An 8-year longitudinal sero-epidemiological study of bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) infection in dairy cattle in Turkey and analysis of risk factors associated with BLV seropositivity(SPRINGER, 2015) Sevik, Murat; Avci, Oguzhan; Ince, Omer BarisEnzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) which is caused by bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) has an important economic impact on dairy herds due to reduced milk production and restrictions on livestock exports. This study was conducted to determine the BLV infection status in Central Anatolia Region of Turkey, an important milk production centre, and to examine the risk factors such as purchasing cattle, increasing cattle age, cattle breed and herd size associated with transmission of BLV infection. To estimate the rate of BLV infection, a survey for specific antibodies in 28,982 serum samples from animals belonging to 1116 different herds situated in Central Anatolia Region of Turkey were tested from January 2006 to December 2013. A generalized mixed linear model was used to evaluate the risk factors that influenced BLV seroprevalence. Antibodies against BLV were detected in 431 (2.28 %) of 18,822 Holstein and 29 (0.28 %) of 10,160 Brown Swiss cows. Among 1116 herds, 132 herds (11.82 %) had one or more positive animals. Also results of our study show that the prevalence of BLV infection increased from 2006 to 2011, and it tends to reduce with BLV control programme. Furthermore, we found positive associations between percentage of seropositive animal and increasing cattle age, herd size, cattle breed and purchased cattle. Age-specific prevalence showed that BLV prevalence increased with age. These factors should be taken into consideration for control of BLV infection.Öğe Antibody prevalence against respiratory viruses in naturally infected cattle in Central Anatolia(Selçuk Üniversitesi Veterinerlik Fakültesi, 2014) Avci, Oğuzhan; Yavru, Sibel; Sevik, MuratAmaç: Bu çalışma İç Anadolu bölgesindeki sığırlarda major respiratorik viral ajanların seroprevalanslarının belirlenmesi amacı ile yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada İç Anadolu Bölgesi’ndeki 5 ilden (Amasya, Çorum, Kayseri, Nevşehir ve Yozgat) solunum sisteminin en önemli enfeksiyöz ajanları olan Bovine Herpesvirus tip 1 (BHV-1), Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV), Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV), Parainfluenza Virus-3 (PIV-3) ve Bovine Adenovirus-3 (BAV-3)’e karşı herhangi bir aşı uygulaması yapılmamış toplam 500 sığırdan kan örnekleri toplandı. Serum örnekleri BHV-1, BVDV, BRSV, PIV-3 ve BAV-3’e karşı gelişen spesifik antikor varlıkları yö- nünden serolojik olarak indirekt Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) ile incelendi. Bulgular: Serum örneklerinin seropozitivite oranları BHV- 1, BVDV, BRSV, PIV-3 ve BAV-3 için sırasıyla %57.8, %68.0, %78.2, % 85.6 ve %76.8 olarak belirlendi. Öneri: Sonuç olarak İç Anadolu Bölgesi’ndeki sığırlarda solunum sistemi hastalıklarında temel enfeksiyöz viral ajanların varlığının devam ettiği ve aşılama programlarının uygulanması gerektiği ifade edilebilir.Öğe Antibody prevalence against respiratory viruses in naturally infected cattle in Central Anatolia(2014) Avcı, Oğuzhan; Yavru, Sibel; Sevik, MuratAmaç: Bu çalışma İç Anadolu bölgesindeki sığırlarda major respiratorik viral ajanların seroprevalanslarının belirlenmesi amacı ile yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada İç Anadolu Bölgesi'ndeki 5 ilden (Amasya, Çorum, Kayseri, Nevşehir ve Yozgat) solunum sisteminin en önemli enfeksiyöz ajanları olan Bovine Herpesvirus tip 1 (BHV-1), Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV), Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV), Parainfluenza Virus- 3 (PIV-3) ve Bovine Adenovirus-3 (BAV-3)'e karşı herhangi bir aşı uygulaması yapılmamış toplam 500 sığırdan kan örnekleri toplandı. Serum örnekleri BHV-1, BVDV, BRSV, PIV-3 ve BAV-3'e karşı gelişen spesifik antikor varlıkları yönünden serolojik olarak indirekt Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) ile incelendi. Bulgular: Serum örneklerinin seropozitivite oranları BHV- 1, BVDV, BRSV, PIV-3 ve BAV-3 için sırasıyla %57.8, %68.0, %78.2, % 85.6 ve %76.8 olarak belirlendi. Öneri: Sonuç olarak İç Anadolu Bölgesi'ndeki sığırlarda solunum sistemi hastalıklarında temel enfeksiyöz viral ajanların varlığının devam ettiği ve aşılama programlarının uygulanması gerektiği ifade edilebilir.Öğe Comparative evaluation of liquid-phase blocking ELISA and solid-phase competition ELISA methods for the detection of antibodies to the structural proteins of foot-and-mouth disease types O and A viruses(SCIENTIFIC TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY-TUBITAK, 2013) Sevik, Murat; Ozturk, Fahri FerudunIn this study, we compared 2 methods, liquid-phase blocking ELISA (LPBE) and solid-phase competition ELISA (SPCE), for the detection of antibodies to the structural proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). These methods were compared using sera collected from cattle (n = 30) without a history of foot-and-mouth disease infection or vaccination, cattle (n = 180) vaccinated with oil-adjuvanted bivalent vaccine, and international reference sera (positive, weak positive, and negative) for FMDV serotypes O and A. The results showed that SPCE had a better specificity (96.67% for serotype O and 100% for serotype A) than LPBE (90% for serotype O and 93.33% for serotype A). Sensitivity of LPBE (97.22% for serotype O and 98.33% for serotype A) was almost equivalent to that of SPCE (98.33% for serotype O and 98.89% for serotype A). It can be concluded that SPCE is more suitable than LPBE for use as a screening test for the detection of antibodies against structural proteins of FMDV.Öğe Comparison of manual and automated nucleic acid extraction methods for detection of peste des petits ruminants virus rna(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2015) Sevik, Murat; Avci, Oguzhan; Ince, Omer BarisPeste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an economically important contagious disease of small ruminants. PCR-based techniques have been successfully used for rapid diagnosis of PPR. The method used for isolation of RNA from tissue samples is an important concern when using reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) methods for the detection of PPR virus (PPRV). In this study, a commercial kit for manual preparation and an automated processing technique for RNA extraction were compared in terms of performance. Thirty-two small ruminants, each from different flocks, with PPR suspect submitted to laboratory were chosen to compare manual and automated extraction methods for the detection of PPRV. Vero cells were used for PPRV isolation. One-step RT-PCR was used for the detection of PPRV RNA. From the 32 submitted samples, CPE was observed in 11 samples. PPRV nucleic acid was detected in 11 of 32 samples that were manually extracted, while viral RNA was detected in 9 of 32 extracts prepared by the robot. Two samples that were negative with automated extraction were weakly positive in manual extraction. RNA quality and quantity were assessed using a spectrophotometer. According to the results, difference in quantity among two methods was statistically significant (P<0.0001, two-tailed paired t-test), and manual extraction method is suitable for detection of low amounts of PPRV RNA in clinical samples.Öğe Serum Biochemistry of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus-Infected Cattle(HINDAWI LTD, 2016) Sevik, Murat; Avci, Oguzhan; Dogan, Muge; Ince, Omer BarisLumpy skin disease is an economically important poxvirus disease of cattle. Vaccination is the main method of control but sporadic outbreaks have been reported in Turkey. This study was carried out to determine the changes in serum biochemical values of cattle naturally infected with lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV). For this study, blood samples in EDTA, serum samples, and nodular skin lesions were obtained from clinically infected animals (n = 15) whereas blood samples in EDTA and serum samples were collected from healthy animals (n = 15). A quantitative real-time PCR method was used to detect Capripoxvirus (CaPV) DNA in clinical samples. A real-time PCR high-resolution melt assay was performed to genotype CaPVs. Serum cardiac, hepatic, and renal damage markers and lipid metabolism products were measured by autoanalyzer. LSDV nucleic acid was detected in all samples which were obtained from clinically infected cattle. The results of serum biochemical analysis showed that aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, and creatinine concentrations were markedly increased in serum from infected animals. However, there were no significant differences in the other biochemical parameters evaluated. The results of the current study suggest that liver and kidney failures occur during LSDV infection. These findings may help in developing effective treatment strategies in LSDV infection.
