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    Aflatoxin M1 levels in butter and cream cheese consumed in Turkey
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2008) Tekinsen, K. Kaan; UcAr, Guerkan
    In this study, 92 butter and 100 cream cheese samples were analyzed for aflatoxin M I (AF M1). They were obtained from retail outlets in five big cities (Istanbul, Izmir, Kayseri, Konya, Tekirdag). The occurrence and concentration range of AF M I in the samples were investigated by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method using immunoaffinity columns. At the detectable level of 10 ppt all 100% of the butter samples and 99% of the cream cheese samples contained AF M1. The incidence of AF M I in the butter samples and the cream cheese samples ranged from 10 to 7000 ng/kg and from 0 to 4100 ng/kg, respectively. AF M1 levels in 28% of the butter and 18% of the cream cheese samples exceeded the maximum tolerable limit of the Turkish Food Codex. AF M1 levels in the samples show that there is a presence of high aflatoxin level that constitutes a human health risk in Turkey. Therefore farmers and dairy companies need to be informed about the aflatoxin and aflatoxicosis, and also the continuous monitoring of the aflatoxin level must be applied by the Turkish public health authorities. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Aflatoxin M1 levels in UHT milk and kashar cheese consumed in Turkey
    (PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2008) Tekinsen, K. Kaan; Eken, H. Semih
    In the present study, 100 UHT milk and 132 kashar cheese samples were analyzed for aflatoxin M1 (AFM1). They were obtained from retail outlets in five big cities (Istanbul, Izmir, Konya, Tekirdag, Edirne). The occurrence and concentration range of AFM1 in the samples were investigated by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Sixty-seven percent of the UHT milk samples and 82.6% of the kashar cheese samples contained AFM1. The positive incidence of AFM1 in the UHT milk samples and the kashar cheese samples ranged from 10 to 630 ng/kg and from 50 to 690 ng/kg, respectively. AFM1 levels in 31 (31%) UHT milk and 36 (27.3%) kashar cheese samples exceeded the maximum tolerable limit of the EC and the TFC. AFM1 levels in the samples show that there is a presence of high aflatoxin level that constitutes a human health risk in Turkey. Therefore milk and dairy products have to be controlled continuously for presence of AFM1 contamination by the Turkish public health authorities. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Detection of aflatoxin M1 levels by ELISA in white-brined Urfa cheese consumed in Turkey
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2011) Kav, Kursat; Col, Ramazan; Tekinsen, K. Kaan
    Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is the hydroxylated metabolite of aflatoxin B1 found in a variety of foods. In this study, 127 samples of white-brined Urfa cheese produced mainly in the southeast of Turkey from raw ovine and bovine milks were surveyed for the presence of AFM1 using a competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. The results showed that at detectable levels (>= 50 ng/kg), 36 cheese samples (28.3%) were contaminated with AFM1 ranging from 70.61 to 770.97 ng/kg. Of the 36 cheese samples, 13 (10.2%) were found to have levels that exceeded the legal limits of 250 ng/kg established by the Turkish Food Codex. Consequently, the AFM1 contamination levels determined in this study in white-brined Urfa Cheese, which is commonly consumed in the southeast part of Turkey, were not considered to be a serious public health hazard. It was considered to be a potential risk for customers, particularly for infant health. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.