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    Adsorption of Trihalomethanes on Activated Lignite
    (Int Scientific Conference Sgem, 2010) Aydın, Mehmet Emin; Tongur, Süheyla
    All materials which are rich in carbon content could be used after activation or adsorption. These materials include coal, lignite, wood, Boone, coconut shells, nut shells, rice husks, and various fruits seeds. Activated carbons obtained from these materials are usually hard and dense. Therefore they could be used in water treatment for long time without deterioration. Activated carbons used in controlling environmental pollution should have high surface area and porosity. Activated carbon is obtained by the process of carbonization fallowed by activation of the initially carbonaceous material. The product of the carbonization process, i.e. of pyrolysis of the carbon containing material, conducted in the absence of air and any chemicals, is a material virtually inactive with regards to adsorption, with a specific surface area of several m(2)/g. The aim of this work is to investigate Trihalomethanes adsorption capacity of the natural lignite found around Konya. Activated carbon from Ermenek lignite were produced using modified method. The combination of the factors, namely KOH dosage, and the HCl washing enhanced significantly the sorbent activity. Removal of, %97 for Chloroform, %97 for Bromodichloromethane, %98 for Dibromochloromethane, %98 for Bromoform were achived by the use of Ermenek activated carbon.
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    Analyses of Trihalomethans in Konya Dirinking Water Network
    (Int Scientific Conference Sgem, 2010) Aydın, Mehmet Emin; Tongur, Süheyla; Kara, Gülnihal
    THMs in disinfection by products are especially important because of their potential carcinogenity. In this work two different liquid-phase microextraction methods namely US EPA 551 microextraction method and German DIN 38407 standard method were compared for the determination of trihalomethanes (THMs) including chloroform (CHCI3), bromodichloromethane (CHBrC12), dibromochloromethane (CHBr2Cl) and bromoform (CHBr3) in water samples was developed, with analysis by gas chromatographyelectron capture detection (GC-ECD). The USEPA 551 microextraction method was used in the analyses of water samples for THMs since the recovery ratios were better for this method in the fortification experiments. Samples were collected from drinking water distribution network and analyzed for THMs. The order of THM compounds in abundance in the distribution network could be given as chloroform> bromodichloromethane> dibromochloromethane> bromoform.
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    DETERMINATION OF ACUTE TOXICITY OF WASTES AND WASTEWATERS
    (INT SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE SGEM, 2010) Aydın, Mehmet Emin; Tongur, Süheyla; Özcan, Senar
    Toxicities of waste samples taken from landfill site and waste water samples taken from outlet of sewerage system were investigated. Eluates were prepared for the waste samples taken from landfill. In order to determine toxicities. of waste eluate and wastewater three different biotests namely Thamnotoxkit F (TM), Daphtoxkit F (TM), Protoxkit F (TM) were employed. Test results were expressed as LC50 for Thamnotoxkit EC50 for Daphtoxkit and Protoxkit. Physical and chemical caracteristics of wastes and wastewater samples were also determined and relation between physical and chemical parameters of the waste and waste water sample with toxicity results were evaluated. Reference tests were carried out with K2Cr2O7 to check the test procedures prier to the analyses with samples. Sample toxicity results were reported as Toxic Units (TU) and sensitivities of each test for each type of samples were determined.
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    Optimization of Analytical Methods for the Determination of Dbps: Application to Drinking Waters From Konya-turkey
    (INT SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE SGEM, 2010) Aydın, Mehmet Emin; Kara, Gülnihal; Tongur, Süheyla
    Chlorine disinfection is a generally used process for eradication pathogenic microorganisms from drinking water to prevent water-born diseases. It has been demonstrated that natural organic matter (NOM) in raw water may react with chlorine to form disinfection by-products (DBPs) which are carcinogenic or mutagenic. The occurrence of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water has been an issue of major concern during the last years due to their adverse health effects. The development and optimization of analytical methods for the determination of DBPs in water are key points in order to estimate human exposure to DBPs after water treatment. During this study, analytical methods for the determination of major categories of DBPs haloacetonitriles, haloketones, chloral hydrate and chloropicrin were optimized and evaluated in order to be applicable for the routine analysis of these compounds in drinking water. Application of the methods to water samples from Konya-Turkey was performed in order to determine the formation potential of the DBPs studied during chlorination. Mostly found disinfection by products in water treatment plant and water distribution network are 1,2-Dibromoethane, trichloroethene, 1,1,1-Trichloroethane, Dichloroacetonitrile and Bromochloroacetonitrile.