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Öğe Effects of contemporary orthodontic composites on tooth color following short-term fixed orthodontic treatment: a controlled clinical study(TUBITAK SCIENTIFIC & TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY, 2015) Corekci, Bayram; Toy, Ebubekir; Ozturk, Firat; Malkoc, Siddik; Ozturk, BoraBackground/aim: To determine the color alterations of natural teeth associated with different orthodontic composites used in comprehensive short-term treatment. Materials and methods: Twenty-two patients were treated with fixed appliances and 22 untreated subjects were also evaluated. Lower incisors were bonded with different orthodontic composites: 42 with Grengloo, 41 with Light Bond, 31 with Kurasper F, and 32 with Transbond XT. The color parameters of the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) were measured for each tooth with a spectrophotometer. Color assessment in relation to time, adhesive material, and their interaction was made with 2-way mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) and 1-way ANOVA for the color differences (Delta E*). Further analyses were done using Tukey's honestly significant difference tests and paired-samples t-tests. Results: The color of teeth was affected by treatment. The mean L* and a* values increased, whereas the mean b* values decreased. Total color differences of teeth demonstrated visible color changes clinically after treatment, ranging from 1.12 to 3.34 Delta E units. However, there were no significant differences for color of enamel. Conclusion: Teeth may be discolored with fixed appliances during treatment. Moreover, contemporary orthodontic composites have similar effects of enamel discoloration.Öğe Effects of different rapid maxillary expansion appliances on facial soft tissues using three-dimensional imaging(E H ANGLE EDUCATION RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC, 2016) Altındiş, Sedat; Toy, Ebubekir; Başçiftci, Faruk AyhanObjective: To determine three-dimensional (3D) effects of three different rapid maxillary expansion (RME) appliances on facial soft tissues. Materials and Methods: Forty-two children (18 boys, 24 girls) who required RME treatment were included in this study. Patients were randomly divided into three equal groups: banded RME, acrylic splint RME, and modified acrylic splint RME. For each patient, 3D images were obtained before treatment (T1) and at the end of the 3-month retention (T2) with the 3dMD system. Results: When three RME appliances were compared in terms of the effects on the facial soft tissues, there were no significant differences among them. The mouth and nasal width showed a significant increase in all groups. Although the effect of the acrylic splint RME appliances on total face height was less than that of the banded RME, there was no significant difference between the appliances. The effect of the modified acrylic splint appliance on the upper lip was significant according to the volumetric measurements (P < .01). Conclusions: There were no significant differences among three RME appliances on the facial soft tissues. The modified acrylic splint RME produced a more protrusive effect on the upper lip.Öğe Effects of strontium ranelate on sutural bone formation: a histological and immunohistochemical study(AUSTRALIAN SOC ORTHODONTISTS INC, 2016) Karatas, Orhan H.; Toy, Ebubekir; Demir, Abdullah; Toy, Hatice; Kozacioglu, SumeyyeAim: Rapid maxillary expansion is performed to correct a skeletal transverse deficiency of the maxilla, which is a frequently encountered orthodontic anomaly. Strontium ranelate (SrR) is a novel agent that has a dual action, involving anti-resorptive and bone-forming effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of systemically applied SrR on osteoblastic bone formation after maxillary expansion on the mid-palatal suture of rats using histological and immunohistochemical tests. Materials and methods: A total of 24 Wistar rats were randomly divided into two equal groups. In all animals, five-day inter-premaxillary expansion was applied and maintained for a seven-day retention period, during which 625mg/kg/day SrR diluted with saline solution was administered orally to the experimental group. The rats were sacrificed and the tissues prepared for histological and immunohistochemical examinations after the retention period. Results: Osteoblastic activity and the width of the blood vessels in the suture area were significantly increased in the SrR group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Ossification was also observed to be active under light microscopy by staining with hematoxylin and eosin in the experimental group. Immunohistochemical labelling performed using osteonectin, osteocalcin, TGF-beta and VEGF antibodies revealed significant immunoreactivity in the experimental group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It may be concluded that SrR contributed to stimulatory osteogenesis in the expansion region. Therefore, a retention period may be shortened and relapse possibly reduced, following the application of SrR after the expansion.Öğe Flor salınımı yapan ortodontik kompozitlerin antibakteriyel etkileri: Pilot çalışma(2011) Öztürk, Fırat; Toy, Ebubekir; Arslan, Uğur; Hatunoğlu, ErdemAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Direkt Kontakt Testi (DKT) kullanılarak; üç farklı tipte flor salınımı yapan ortodontik kompozitin antibakteriyel özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesidir. Gereçler ve Yöntem: Flor salınımı yapan ortodontik kompozitlerin antibakteriyel özellikleri DKT kullanılarak değerlendirildi. DKT için doksan altı kuyucuklu kültür kabının duvarları her grupta 8 örnek olacak şekilde test materyalleri ile [Transbond Plus (3M Lnitek, Monrovia, ABD) Light Bond (Reliance Ortho Prod. Inc. Itasca, İL, ABDi Kurasper F 'Kuraray Medical Inc., Okayama, laponya)] kaplandı. Pozitif kontrol materyali olarak Kalzinol (çinko oksit öjenol siman) Dentsply, Konstanz, Almanya) kullanıldı. Streptococus mutans süspansiyonu örneklerin yüzey alanına uygulanarak î7C'de bir saat bekletildi. Bakteri üremesi, ısı kontrollü spektrofotometre ile 16 saat boyunca gözlemlendi. Herbir kuyucuktaki üremenin kinetiği her 30 dakikada bir 650 nm düzeyinde sürekli olarak kaydedildi. Veriler tek yönlü ANOVA testinin yanı sıra TamHane'ın T2 çoklu karşılaştırma testi ile incelendi. İstatistiksel önem seviyesi P0.05 olarak belirlendi. Bulgular: DKT sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi dört grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklar olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. (F 156,951, P 0.000). Kontrol materyali olan Kalzinol bakteri üremesini tamamen engellemiştir (ortalama 0.01 0.05). Çoklu karşılaştırma testi, Kalzinol ve Transbond Plus {ortalama 0.120.17) arasında anlamlı bir fark olmadığını göstermiştir (P 0.509) Transbond Plus, Kalzinol ile hemen hemen benzer etkinlik sergilemiştir (Şekil I). Kurasjjer F (ortalama 0.730.06) ve Light Borxl (ortalama 0.850.02) ise KalzinoVle karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark göstermiştir (P 0.000) Sonuç: Transbond Plus belirgin antibakteriyel etkinlik göstermiştir. (Türk Ortodonti Dergisi 2011;24:3-12)Öğe Long-term antibacterial properties of fluoride-releasing orthodontic bonding adhesives(2012) Öztürk, Fırat; Toy, Ebubekir; Arslan, Uğur; Hatunoğlu, Erdem; Aksakallı, SertaçObjectives: The aim of this study was to compare antibacterial properties of 3 different fluoride-releasing orthodontic adhesives during three months by using the direct contact test (DCT). Materials and Methods: The materials tested in the present study were Transbond Plus (3M Unitek, Monrovia, USA), Light Bond (Reliance Ortho Prod. Inc. Itasca, IL, USA), and Kurasper F (Kuraray Medical Inc., Okayama, Japan). Eight specimens of each material type were prepared for estimation. For the DCT, wells of 96-microtitre plates were coated with each of three bonding adhesives. Eight uncoated wells, using identical inocula size, served as a positive control (bacteria with medium). A Streptococcus mutans suspension was placed on the surface of each specimen that was held for 1 hour at 371/2C. Bacterial growth was monitored for 16 hours with a temperature-controlled microplate spectrophotometer. The kinetics of the growth in each well was recorded continuously at 650 nm in every 30 minutes. Three additional measurements were performed on these tested materials after aging for 1 week, 1 month and 3 months. One-way ANOVA and Tamhane's T2 multiple comparison tests were applied to the data. The level of significance was set as p<0.05. Results: The DCT showed that there were significant differences found in freshly mixed samples between four groups (p<0.001, F=20.901). Freshly mixed samples of Transbond Plus showed antibacterial activity (p<0.001). Kurasper F and Light Bond did not differ from positive control. In the measurements of aged specimens, all materials showed an increase in the logarithmic growth rate of Streptococcus mutans. Conclusion: Only Transbond Plus showed antibacterial properties in freshly mixed specimens. However, none of the tested orthodontics composites showed antibacterial properties after aging.Öğe Polymerization capacity of orthodontic composites analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(MOSBY-ELSEVIER, 2011) Corekci, Bayram; Malkoc, Siddik; Ozturk, Bora; Gunduz, Beniz; Toy, EbubekirIntroduction: The aim of this in-vitro study was to analyze the polymerization capacity of 5 orthodontic composites by determining the degree of monomer conversion (DC). Methods: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to evaluate the DC of the orthodontic composites immediately after polymerization and after storage in artificial saliva at 37 degrees C +/- 1 degrees C for 30 days. The resin-based adhesive composites investigated were Bisco Ortho (Bisco, Schaumburg, III), Heliosit Orthodontics (Ivoclar, Schaan, Liechtenstein), Kurasper F (Kuraray, Okayama, Japan), Light Bond (Reliance Orthodontic Products, Itasca, III), and Transbond XT (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif), cured with Elipar FreeLight 2 (3M ESPE, St Paul, Minn) for the testing of the DC values. Fifty cylindrical specimens were manufactured in molds. The data were analyzed by 2-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD test. Results: According to 2-way ANOVA, the DC was significantly influenced by composite type (P < 0.05); after 30 days, there were no differences among the composite types for the DC. The interaction of orthodontic composites and time played a statistically significant role in the DC (P < 0.05), but there was no statistically significant influence of time for the DC (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The DC was found to change according to composite materials used, and Bisco Ortho showed the most DC performance. The DC of orthodontic composites is a complex process that is affected not only by inorganic filler content of the composite but also the monomer type and many other factors. Sufficient DC values of 5 commercially available orthodontic composites can be achieved with a new-generation light-emitting diode curing light. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2011;139:e299-e304)Öğe Real-time cell analysis of the cytotoxicity of orthodontic brackets on gingival fibroblasts(WICHTIG EDITORE, 2014) Toy, Ebubekir; Malkoc, Siddik; Corekci, Bayram; Bozkurt, Buket S.; Hakki, Sema S.Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of 6 different orthodontic bracket types on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) using the xCELLigence system. Methods: The orthodontic brackets used in this study were gold-plated steel (Apollo Gold), titanium (Rematitan), stainless steel (Equilibrium 2), lucid ice (Inspire ICE), metal-reinforced ceramic (Clarity) and composite (OrthoFlex). Gingival fibroblasts were isolated from human gingival connective tissue of systemically healthy individuals. Tested brackets were incubated in DMEM culture medium for 72 hours according to ISO 10993-5 standards. Gingival fibroblasts were maintained with Dulbecco modified Eagle medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. The xCELLigence system was used to evaluate cell survival. The statistical analysis used was ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison tests. Results: When the data were evaluated in the 30th hour, Apollo Gold showed significant decreases in cell index (P<0.001). It also showed statistically significant decreases (P<0.001) in the 65th hour, but Clarity and Inspire ICE showed significant increases in cell indices (P<0.001, P<0.01). In the 114th hour, Clarity and Equilibrium 2 showed statistically significant increases in cell indices (P<0.001). Inspire ICE and Rematitan demonstrated significant increases (P<0.05). There were significant decreases in cell index of Apollo Gold (P<0.001). Conclusions: The tested brackets are suitable for clinical application, but further studies using different test methods are needed for gold-plated brackets.
