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Öğe Amiodarone may increase survival rate in tilmicosin-induced lethal toxicity(WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2012) Er, A.; Tras, B.; Cetin, G.; Dik, B.[Abstract not Available]Öğe Distribution of hydrophilic and lipophilic antibacterial drugs in skim milk, cream, and casein(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2018) Ozdemir, Z.; Tras, B.; Uney, K.This study determined the distribution of drugs to different milk fractions according to their physicochemical properties. Hydrophilic drugs tend to concentrate in skim milk, whereas lipophilic drugs tend to concentrate in cream. The concentration of a drug in casein is related to its degree of binding to milk proteins. Thus, we aimed to determine whether withdrawal time in whole milk differs from that in cream, casein, and skim milk. Amoxicillin and tylosin were selected as proto type hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs, respectively. The study was conducted in vitro and in vivo to determine whether in vitro conditions reflect the distribution of drugs in the different milk fractions in vivo. The in vivo study was conducted using a crossover design on 6 healthy Holstein dairy cattle. First, amoxicillin (i.m., single dose, 14 mg/kg) was administered to cows. Following a 1-wk washout period, tylosin (i.m., single dose, 15 mg/kg) was administered. Concentrations of amoxicillin and tylosin in milk and milk fractions were measured using HPLC-UV. In the in vitro study, 0.04 to 400 mu g/g of amoxicillin and 0.05 to 50 mu g/g of tylosin were spiked to drug-free milk and the concentrations in milk and milk fractions were measured. In addition, the percentage of total protein in milk and milk fractions was determined. Amoxicillin accumulated more in skim milk than in cream and casein, both in vitro (92%) and in vivo (73%, skim milk-to-whole milk ratio). The distribution of tylosin in whole and skim milk was similar to that of amoxicillin in the in vitro study, in contrast to the accumulation of tylosin in cream seen in vivo. However, the accumulation ratio of tylosin in cream was lower than expected. By either method, tylosin was less concentrated in casein than in skim milk and cream. The percentage of total protein was similar in skim milk and whole milk and higher than in cream. Thus, amoxicillin accumulates less in cream and casein, suggesting that these fractions would pose a lower risk to the consumer. Tylosin was still present at the maximum residue limit (50 mu g/kg) 24 h after injection in the casein fraction and 48 h after injection in the cream fraction.Öğe Effects of dexamethasone and fexofenadine on the penetration into brain and testes tissues of levofloxacin, a P-gp substrate(WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2012) Cetin, G.; Tras, B.; Uney, K.[Abstract not Available]Öğe Effects of enrofloxacin, flunixin meglumine and dexamethasone on disseminated intravascular coagulation and cytokine levels in endotoxemia(WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC, 2009) Elmas, M.; Bulbul, A.; Avci, G. E.; Er, A.; Uney, K.; Yazar, E.; Tras, B.[Abstract not Available]Öğe The evaluation of hemostatic dysfunction and disseminated intravascular coagulation in dairy cows with abomasal displacement(POLSKA AKAD NAUK, POLISH ACAD SCIENCES, UNIV WARMIA & MAZURY OLSZTYN, 2018) Maden, M.; Yildiz, R.; Col, R.; Arican, M.; Ider, M.; Garip, M.; Tras, B.Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a complex, dynamic and hemostatic disorder which develops secondarily to a disease characterized with an imbalance in the pro-coagulant and anti-coagulant components of hemostasis. The aim of the study is to evaluate hemostatic dysfunction and the DIC syndrome in cattle with displaced abomasum (DA), with using the hematologic analyses and an extensive coagulation profile in the 96 hour-period including before and after surgery. The animal material of the study consisted of 12 dairy cows diagnosed with displaced abomasum (9 LDA and 3 RDA without volvulus) in the 2-4 week period after parturation and with no other post-partum disease. In dairy cows diagnosed with DA, hematological, coagulometric (PT, APTT, Fibrinogen) and coagulation factor analyses [D-Dimer, TAT (thrombin-antithrombin complex), ATIII (antithrombin III), PAI-1 (plazminogen activator inhibitor-1] were performed in blood samples obtained before the operation as well as 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 2, 5, 10, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after the operation. In the DA cases, abnormalities were found in 6 of the 8 coagulation parameters. In the LDA and RDA groups, prolonged PT (sec), PT (INR) and APTT, hypofibrinogenemia, an increase in serum D-Dimer concentration at 72 and 96 hours after the operation and an increase in serum ATIII concentrations before and 30, 60 minutes and 2, 5, 72 and 96 hours after the operation was found (p<0.05). Hemostatic dysfunction and the risk of DIC developing in DA cases and continuing in the post-operative period was determined.