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Öğe The fall narrative: An Ecocritical and theological approach to J.R.R. Tolkien's middle-earth cosmology(Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2024) Udmir, Ekrem; Yeğin, Fatma KalpaklıFollowing the emergence of human-oriented ecological problems, ecocriticism as a theory has gained widespread popularity among literary and academic circles to assess and interpret literary works. The theory not only deciphers problematic human-nature relationship beneath literary texts but it also aims to diagnose environmental issues and offer possible solutions which is implicitly epitomized in Tolkien's writing. Having lived at the height of British imperialism and industrialism, J.R.R. Tolkien was a conservatist scholar and literary figure who strongly believed in the necessity of returning to the ecological and simpler ways of living. In addition to the technological frenzy and industrial pollution of the era, he also witnessed the horror and destruction of both world wars in his lifetime. Moreover, the effect of Catholicism on his personal life and literary creation was a subtle yet strong one. His pious mother and the Catholic priest who became his legal guardian after her death were two important Christian figures shaping his later fictional creation. The objective of this thesis, therefore, is to analyse Tolkien's Middle-earth cosmology through an ecocritical and theological lens. Constituting the centre of gravity in this study, the biblical Fall Narrative is compared and contrasted to Tolkien's cosmology which depicts an ecological and spiritual fall. In the second part of the study minor ecological themes like light and darkness are studied through Nature-Culture dichotomy.
