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    Digit ratio 2D:4D is a possible indicator for androgenetic alopecia in males
    (WILEY, 2018) Unal, Mehmet
    BackgroundAndrogenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common hair loss. The 2D:4D digit ratio refers to the ratio of the length of the second finger to that of the fourth finger and is thought as a marker of prenatal androgen exposure. ObjectivesThere are many studies which have examined the relationship between 2D:4D ratio and some other diseases. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between digit ratio 2D:4D and AGA. MethodsThe study group was composed of a male with AGA and healthy controls. The lengths of patients' second and fourth fingers were measured using a digital caliper with a resolution of 0.01 mm. Finger length was measured on the palmar side of the hand from the basal metacarpophalangeal crease. The 2D:4D ratio was obtained by dividing the length of the second finger by the length of the fourth finger. ResultsA total of 99 males who have androgenetic alopecia with a score of grade III or more and 90 controls were included. The mean age of AGA group was 29.72 5.53, and the mean age of control group was 19.63 +/- 5.05. The left-hand 2D:4D ratios of AGA group (0.893 +/- 0.267) were significantly lower than healthy controls (0.971 +/- 0.028). No significant relationships were found between AGA severity, age of onset,and digit ratios. ConclusionsThe left-hand digit ratio 2D:4D is lower in AGA patients, and therefore, left-hand digit ratio 2D:4D can be used as an estimation tool for AGA development in future. There is not any correlation between digit ratio and age of onset. Also, there is no correlation between digit ratio 2D:4D and AGA severity.
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    Evaluation of frequency of irritable bowel syndrome in patients with chronic urticaria
    (2018) Unal, Mehmet; Kucuk, Adem; Akyürek, Fatma Tunçez; Kaya, Zeynep Gizem İslamoğlu
    Aim: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder. Urticaria is a disease with papules and plaques accompanied by pruritus and edema. In this study, the relationship between these two diseases, which have many common features, was evaluated.Material and Methods: Patients with urticaria and volunteers who did not have any dermatologic disease were included in the study. Participants were assessed for diagnosis of IBS according to Rome III diagnostic criteria. In addition, findings supporting IBS diagnosis, and fecal shape and consistency were evaluated.Results: Fifty urticaria patients (18 males - 36% and 32 females - 64%) and 70 volunteers (38 males - 54.3% and 32 females - 45.7%) were evaluated. The mean age of the urticaria group was 34.8 15.0; the mean age of the control group was 25.8 10.9. IBS was detected in 34 (68%) patients in the urticaria group; and in 22 (31.4%) controls (p 0.001). Diagnosis-supporting findings were more frequently detected in the group of urticaria (p values respectively: 0.037; 0.001; 0.036; 0.050). It was observed that the higher the serum IgE level, the higher the incidence of IBS in chronic urticaria patients ( p: 0.02; eta: 0.206).Conclusion: IBS was observed more frequently in urticaria patients. Diagnosis-supporting findings for IBS were found more frequently in urticaria patients. Serum IgE values also seem to be associated with IBS. These results indicate an association between chronic urticaria and IBS. For this reason, the presence of IBS in patients with chronic urticaria diagnosis should be questioned.
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    Nail digital dermoscopy in onychomycosis: a correlation with clinical type, gender, and culture examination
    (ERCIYES UNIV SCH MEDICINE, 2019) Islamoglu, Zeynep Gizem Kaya; Demirbas, Abdullah; Unal, Mehmet; Findik, Duygu
    Objective: Onychomycosis (OM) is a common disease that covers both tinea unguium and those remaining cases caused by yeasts, mainly of the Candida and various non-dermatophyte molds. Diagnosis is usually confirmed with direct microscopy and fungal culture. Nail dermoscopy is a non-invasive tool to diagnose various nail disorders and also to avoid time-consuming investigations. The aim of the present study was to determine the dermoscoping findings in OM and to correlate this with clinical type, gender, and culture results. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 100 patients diagnosed with OM according to clinical findings and direct microscopic examination. Nail dermoscopy was performed using a FotoFinder Digital Dermoscope, and images were recorded. A part of the samples was cultured in all patients. Results: The most frequent clinical type was distal lateral subungual onychomycosis (80.0%). The culture was negative in 72.0% of the samples. In the positive group, 48% of Trichophyton rubrum was cultured. The most common dermoscopic findings were longitudinal stria, ruin appearance, and longitudinal leukonychia. In culture-negative samples, irregular termination was most commonly seen. Ruin appearance, brown discoloration, hematoma, and transverse leukonychia, such as brushing, were compatible with total dystrophic OM. Conclusion: Determinative dermoscopic findings for OM, clinical types, and fungus forms were identified. These signs can avoid unnecessary mycology in selected cases.