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    Bond strengths of three different dentin adhesive systems to sclerotic dentin
    (JAPANESE SOC DENTAL MATERIALS DEVICES, 2008) Karakaya, Solen; Unlu, Nimet; Say, Esra Can; Oezer, Fusun; Soyman, Mubin; Tagami, Junji
    The two-fold aims of this study were: (1) to evaluate the microtensile bond strengths of different adhesive systems to sclerotic and sound palatal dentin; and (2) to observe the respective resin-dentin interfaces. Thirty extracted human incisor teeth were divided into two groups. Group I comprised sclerotic defects in the palatal zone. Group II comprised Sound palatal dentin surfaces as control. Each group (n=15) was divided into three subgroups according to dentin adhesive systems: self-etch (Clearfil SE Bond), total-etch (Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus), and glass ionomer (Reactmer Bond) adhesive systems. The specimens were subjected to tensile forces. Obtained data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and post hoe Duncan's test. Fracture sites and resin-dentin interfaces were observed using a light microscope and SEM. With Sound dentin, Clearfil SE Bond showed a significantly higher bond strength than the other adhesives (p<0.05). With sclerotic dentin, although there were no significant differences in bond strength among the adhesives groups (p>0.05), the bond strength values of Clearfil SE Bond and Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus were significantly decreased. Oil resin-dentin interface observation, different images were presented by different bonding systems.
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    The Effect of a Modeling Resin and Thermocycling on the Surface Hardness, Roughness, and Color of Different Resin Composites
    (WILEY, 2013) Tuncer, Safa; Demirci, Mustafa; Tiryaki, Murat; Unlu, Nimet; Uysal, Omer
    Statement of ProblemThe application of modeling resin could affect the surface quality and color of resin composites. PurposeTo evaluate the effects of modeling resin on the microhardness, roughness, and color of composite restorations, with and without thermocycling. MethodsSixty disc-shaped specimens for each resin composite were prepared in three groups: Group 1: A resin composite disc was cured against a polyester matrix and finished/polished; Group 2: A composite instrument was wetted with Bisco Modeling Resin (Bisco, Schaumburg, IL, USA) to smooth the composite surface, which was cured against a polyester matrix and finished/polished; Group 3: A composite instrument was wetted with modeling resin to smooth the composite surface, which was cured against a polyester matrix. Microhardness, roughness, and color were measured 24 hours after curing and after 10,000 thermocycles. ResultsModeling resin significantly influenced the microhardness of GrandioSO (Voco, Cuxhaven, Germany) and Gradia Direct Posterior (GC America, Alsip, IL, USA), and the surface roughness of GrandioSO, Filtek Silorane (3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA), and Aelite All Purpose Body (Bisco) (p<0.05). The microhardness of the Group 1 resin composites was affected by thermocycling (p<0.05); however, thermocycling had no significant effect on surface roughness (p>0.05). Tested composites showed clinically perceptible color changes after thermocycling. In Group 1, Filtek Ultimate (3M ESPE) showed the lowest color change (p<0.05), and in Group 2, Filtek Silorane showed the highest significant color changes (p<0.05). ConclusionsModeling resin did not affect the microhardness, surface roughness, and color of Aelite LS Posterior (Bisco), Filtek Ultimate (3M ESPE), and Clearfil Majesty Esthetic (Kuraray Medical Inc, Tokyo, Japan) specimens. Also, thermocycling process only affected microhardness of tested resin composites. Clinical SignificanceThe effect of modeling resin on surface microhardness, roughness, and color stability of composite materials depends on the type of resin composite. In clinical practice, the adverse effects of modeling resin might be alleviated by a proper finishing and polishing procedure.
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    Effect of elapsed time following bleaching on the shear bond strength of composite resin to enamel
    (WILEY-LISS, 2008) Unlu, Nimet; Cobankara, Funda Kont; Ozer, Fusun
    The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of post-treatment time on the shear bond strength of composite resin to enamel after bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) and 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) bleaching systems. One hundred and thirty-five flattened labial enamel surfaces obtained from human mandibular incisors were divided into two bleaching groups of 10% CP (n = 60) and 35% HP (n = 60) and a control group In = 15). Specimens in the control group (group 1) were not bleached. Each bleaching group was then divided into four subgroups (n = 15). For both CP and HP groups, group 2 consisted of specimens bonded immediately after bleaching. In groups 3, 4, and 5, specimens were immersed in artificial saliva for 24 h, 1 week, or 2 weeks after bleaching, respectively. After the specimens were bonded with Clearfil SE Bond and Clearfil ST, they were tested in shear until failure. For both CP and HP groups, shear bond strength of composite resin to enamel that was bonded immediately after bleaching was significantly lower than that of unbleached enamel (p < 0.05). However, in CP group restored after 24 h, the bond strength returned to values close to those of nonbleached enamel (p > 0.05). It took 1 week to return to conditions that lead to control bond values for HP bleaching applications (P > 0.05). The results of this study proved that immediate bonding of composite to enamel bleached with 10% CP and 35% HP gels result in a significant decrease in shear bond strength. It is advisable that composite resin application onto bleached enamel surfaces should be delayed at least 24 h for 10% CP and 1 week for 35% HP. (C) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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    Effects of aging on the bond strength of self-etching adhesives and resin luting cements
    (ELSEVIER TAIWAN, 2013) Cetin, Ali Riza; Unlu, Nimet; Cebe, Mehmet Ata
    Background/purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the microtensile bond strengths of self-etching adhesives and resin luting cements immediately after bonding and after exposure to aging. Materials and methods: Forty noncarious human molars were divided into five groups and randomly assigned to self-etching systems [AdheSE Bond(ASE), Prompt L-Pop(PLP), and Tyran-SPE+Onestep Plus(OSP)] or resin luting cement systems [Panavia F(PF) or Duolink(DL)]. All adhesives were applied in accordance with the manufacturers' instructions. A composite resin build-up was created with composite resins from each respective company (Tetric EvoCeram, Filtek Supreme XT, Aelite Aesthetic, Estenia, and Tescera ATL). Half of the specimens were tested immediately after bonding. The remaining specimens were mechanically loaded in artificial saliva for 60,000 cycles with a wear simulator at 37 degrees C and were then stored in artificial saliva at room temperature for 1 year before undergoing a microtensile test. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's honestly significant difference test. Results: Differences in immediate bonding values were observed among the adhesives, ASE demonstrating the greatest bond strength. After aging (with loading and after 1 year), a reduced interfacial bond strength was observed for the ASE, OSP, and DL adhesives. Conclusion: PF luting cement and PLP dentin adhesive were less affected by aging than the other dentin adhesive systems studied. Additional in vivo data should be acquired to complement these findings and clarify the clinical efficacies of the tested adhesives. Copyright (c) 2012, Association for Dental Sciences of the Republic of China. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. All rights reserved.
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    The improvement of biocompatibility of adhesives: The effects of resveratrol on biocompatibility and dentin micro-tensile bond strengths of self-etch adhesives
    (SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2019) Atalayin, Cigdem; Tezel, Huseyin; Ergucu, Zeynep; Unlu, Nimet; Armagan, Guliz; Dagci, Taner; Kose, Timur
    ObjectiveThe aim of this in vitro study is to evaluate the effects of resveratrol (RES) addition on the cytotoxicity and microtensile bond strength (mu TBS) of different adhesives.Materials and methodsFive self-etching adhesives (G-aenial Bond-GC, Optibond All in One-Kerr, Gluma Self Etch-Kulzer, Clearfil S-3 Bond-Kuraray, and Nova Compo-B Plus-Imicryl) were tested. They were applied to L-929 cell culture by the extract method. In the test groups, 0.5 mu M RES (Sigma-Aldrich) was added into the medium. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay after 24h. Human extracted third molars were used for mu TBS test (n=7). The adhesives with or without 0.5 mu M RES addition were applied on dentin surfaces. A composite build-up was constructed. Then, the specimens were sectioned into multiple beams with the non-trimming version of the microtensile test and subjected to microtensile forces. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test (p?0.05).ResultsThe extracts of all adhesives decreased the cell viability. However, RES addition increased the cell viability in all groups (p?0.05). RES addition did not cause any decrease in mu TBS values of the adhesives compared to baseline. Optibond All in One showed the highest mu TBS after RES addition. It was followed by Clerafil S-3 Bond and Nova Compo-B Plus. No difference was determined between the Optibond All in One and Clearfil S-3 Bond. There was difference between Optibond All in One and Nova Compo-B Plus (p?0.05).ConclusionRES addition may improve the biocompatibility without causing negative influence on mu TBS of the adhesives.Clinical relevanceRES addition has clinical applicable potential to overcome the adverse biocompatibility of adhesives.
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    One-year clinical evaluation of direct nanofilled and indirect composite restorations in posterior teeth
    (JAPANESE SOC DENTAL MATERIALS DEVICES, 2009) Cetin, Ali Riza; Unlu, Nimet
    The aim of this study was to assess the clinical performance of three direct composite resins and two indirect inlay systems in posterior teeth using the modified USPHS criteria. A total of 1.00 restorations were placed in the molars of 54 patients by one operator. All restorations were directly evaluated by two examiners at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Statistical analysis was conducted using McNemar chi-square test at a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). Recall rate was 100% at 6 and 12 months, and all the restorations evaluated (i.e., 100%) received Alpha rating for the criteria of retention and gingival adaptation. At 12 months for the surface texture criterion, 80% of Filtek Supreme XT received Alpha rating while it was 95% for Tetric EvoCeram and AELITE Aesthetic. For marginal discoloration, 85% of Tescera ATL and Filtek Supreme XT received Alpha rating while it was 95% for Tetric EvoCeram and AELITE Aesthetic. Further, none of the restorative systems received a Charlie rating for any of the criteria at all evaluation periods. In summary, all the restorations demonstrated clinically satisfactory performance with no significant differences detected among them.
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    Treatment of post-orthodontic white spot lesions with CPP-ACP paste: A three year follow up study
    (JAPANESE SOC DENTAL MATERIALS DEVICES, 2017) Karabekiroolu, Said; Unlu, Nimet; Kucukyilmaz, Ebru; Sener, Sevgi; Botsali, Murat Selim; Malkoc, Siddik
    To determine the efficacy of topical applications of 10% casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) paste in reverting white spot lesions (WSLs) after fixed orthodontic treatment. Forty one participants were randomly assigned to either the test group (CPP-ACP) or the control group (only fluoride toothpaste). All patients used regular fluoride-containing toothpaste. CPP-ACP paste or fluoridated toothpaste was applied on to tooth surfaces with WSLs twice a day during 36-month after de-bonding. The labial/buccal surfaces of teeth were assessed by use of DIAGNOdent pen (DD), Gorelick Index and ICDAS II criteria at baseline (T1) and 36-month (T2) follow-up visits. The total counts of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus were obtained at T1 and T2. DMFT, DMFS, stimulated flow rate and buffer capacity were calculated in two appointments. Daily usage of CPP-ACP paste was not better than normal care for improving the appearance of WSLs after 36 months.