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    Assessment of Turkish women's knowledge concerning folic acid and prevention of birth defects
    (C A B I PUBLISHING, 2004) Unusan, N
    Objectives: In Turkey, the incidence of neural tube defects (NTDs) is 30.1 per 10 000 births. For this reason it seems an important problem for women of childbearing age. Adequate periconceptional consumption of folic acid could prevent NTDs. Most women are unaware of this recommendation. The objectives of this study were to evaluate women' knowledge and beliefs with regard to folic acid, and to estimate the consumption frequency of vitamin supplements periconceptionally and during the first trimester of pregnancy. Design: Eight hundred and eighteen married women who had delivered a live-born infant within the previous 12 months completed the questionnaire. Each subject participated in a 20-minute interview, with the questionnaire comprising multiple-choice statements. A random sample of 10 public health centres was drawn from 27 in three districts in Konya where about 50% of the population lives. Results: Only 22% of subjects had heard or read about folic acid. Thirteen per cent of women indicated knowledge of the direct link between folic acid supplementation and NTD prevention. The knowledge was greatest among 26- to 35-year-olds. Women with a university degree were more likely to have heard about folic acid than were less-educated women. Conclusion: The results indicate that further government efforts are needed to inform the population and promote the optimal use of folic acid supplements and folate-enriched foods. It is the responsibility of national authorities to increase health education concerning folic acid and the prevention of NTDs in their countries.
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    Fruit and vegetable consumption among Turkish university students
    (VERLAG HANS HUBER, 2004) Unusan, N
    A questionnaire was developed to determine the behaviors associated with eating fruit and vegetables and to assess perceived benefits and barriers to increasing fruit and vegetable consumption. A total of 713 non-food/nutrition major university students were randomly selected from seven universities in Turkey. Self-reported mean intake was found to be 3.67 +/- 1.81 servings of fruit and vegetables per day. Positive correlations existed between daily fruit and vegetable portions. Male students were significantly higher than female students in body mass index measurements (BMI 22.71 vs. 20.1, p < .05). Among male students only BMI was positively associated with age. Compared to male students, female students were more likely to eat fruit and vegetables. Male students were less likely to eat fruit instead of dessert. Vegetables were more preferred by female students at lunch and dinner. Exploratory principal-components analyses showed that a two-component solution best represented the data. The first component represented the benefits of eating more fruit. The second component described barriers to eating more fruit. Both components have an internal consistency of 0.73 and 0.56 respectively, with benefits accounting for 17% and barriers 12% of variance. These scales may be used to increase the benefits to get students to think about change, and decreasing the barriers to allow the behavior to change in fruit and vegetable consumption should follow this. Since Turkish students do not eat enough fruit and vegetables, nutrition education efforts must be targeted at students (i.e. acceptability of these foods in different meal and snacks is maintained, promoted, and encouraged). Barriers may be reduced, thereby allowing students to take action and maintain the behavior change.
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    University students' food preference and practice now and during childhood
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2006) Unusan, N
    The aim of the cross sectional survey is to investigate the link between food preference and practice in early adulthood and recollections of their childhood food preferences by their mother. Six hundred and eighty four undergraduate students whose mothers were primary caregivers from 4 colleges at the Selcuk University in Konya, Turkey were selected. Early food preferences, present food preferences, early eating practices, and present eating practices were measured. A positive relationship between early parental controls of food preferences and food practices in late adolescence was found in this research. Parents appear to influence students' food preference and practice. Educators must focus on improving home food availability and parent support and modeling. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.