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Achene Micromorphology of the Genus Cyanus Mill. (Compositae) in Turkey and its Taxonomic Importance
(MAGNOLIA PRESS, 2017) Sirin, Emrah; Ertugrul, Kuddisi; Uysal, Tuna
Micro- and macromorphological achene features of 20 knapweeds taxa from Turkey were searched using light and scanning electron microscopy. The achene surface was examined in detail for each taxon and a dendogram was established by numerical analyses derived from the observed micromorphological features. Cyanus pinardii was distinguished by epappose while Cyanus depressus was distinguished by longer pappus than achene. The results indicated that the examined taxa had very high variations in their achene surface. According to the results, pericarp texture and color, hilum position and pappus hairs could be used for taxonomical diagnosis of the Cyanus taxa. The hairiness of the surface and elaiosome in the basal of pericarp were characteristic in all Cyanus taxa.
Ak emcek [onosma sieheana (hodangiller / boraginaceae)] türünün karyolojik analizi
(2019) Bozkurt, Meryem; Ertuğrul, Kuddisi; Uysal, Tuna
Bu makalede Türkiye için endemik olan Ak emcek (Onosma sieheana Hayek) türündekromozom sayısı ve karyomorfolojik özellikler ilk kez araştırılmıştır. Kök ucundan ezmeyöntemiyle Aseto-orsein kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmada, türün kromozom sayısı 2n 24, karyotip formülü ise 24 m olarak belirlenmiştir. Önceki çalışmalara göre Onosmacinsinin temel kromozom sayısı x6-11 arasında değişmektedir. Bu çalışmanın sonuçlarınagöre, O. sieheana türünün tetraploid bir tür olduğu düşünülmektedir (2n 4x 24). Ayrıca,bu çalışmada kullanılan farklı kromozom indekslerine göre O. sieheana'nın simetrikkromozomlara sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Antioxidant capacity and fatty acid composition of different parts of Adenocarpus complicatus (Fabaceae) from Turkey
(REVISTA DE BIOLOGIA TROPICAL, 2014) Berber, Adnan; Zengin, Gökhan; Aktümsek, Abdurrahman; Şanda, Murad Aydın; Uysal, Tuna
Adenocarpus complicatus is distributed throughout the Anatolian peninsula and is widely used for human and animal nutrition. The purpose of this work was to study the antioxidant properties and fatty acid composition of different parts of this plant (fruits and mixed materials). The species was collected from Golyuzu village of the Seydisehir district near Konya province, Turkey. Fruit and mixed parts obtained from this species were ground and a 15g sample was used to prepare methanolic extracts. Powdered plant samples were extracted with 100mL methanol in a mechanical shaker. The obtained extracts were filtered and concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure and were subsequently stored at -20 degrees C. Antioxidant components, namely total phenolic and flavonoid content, were detected for each extract using spectrophotometric methods. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated by various assays including phosphomolybdenum, DPPH free radical scavenging capacity, metal chelating activity, and ferric and cupric ion reducing power. The fatty acid profiles of plant parts were also determined by using gas chromatography. The total phenolic content of fruit (36.21mgGAE/g) was higher than that of mixed materials (13.79mgGAE/g). The methanolic extract of mixed material had higher amounts of flavonoid than fruit extract. The free radical scavenging activity of extracts was expressed as IC50 value (mu g/mL) (amount required to inhibit DPPH radical formation by 50%). The lower IC50 value reflects better free radical scavenging action. The radical scavenging activity of the samples was compared with BHT, it showed the mixed material to be almost two times more potent than the fruit extract. However, BHT is an excellent free radical scavenger with an IC50 of 34.061 mu g/mL. The ferric and cupric reducing power potentials of the extracts were expressed as EC50 value (the effective concentration at which the absorbance was 0.5). Fruit extract exhibited strong ferric reducing power with an EC50 of 871.25 mu g/mL. The metal chelating activity of the extracts increased with concentration. Chelating effect was 83.60% for fruit extract at 1mg/mL concentration. Oil content of fruit and mixed parts were detected as 6.71 and 6.14%, respectively. A total of 32 fatty acids were found in the oil. Essential fatty acids (linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid) were identified as the most abundant fatty acids in the oil. These results demonstrated that this plant species can be considered as an alternative to synthetic antioxidants. Likewise, the oil obtained from the plant can be used as a source of essential fatty acids for food and pharmacological applications.
Astragalus turkmenensis (Fabaceae), a new species from Turkey
(FINNISH ZOOLOGICAL BOTANICAL PUBLISHING BOARD, 2007) Dural, Hueseyin; Tugay, Osman; Ertugrul, Kuddisi; Uysal, Tuna; Demirelma, Hakki
Astragalus turkmenensis Dural, O. Tugay & Ertugrul sp. nova (Fabaceae) from Central Anatolia in Turkey is described. It is placed in sect. Cystium and known only from the type gathering. It is compared with the morphologically similar A. physodes subsp. acikirensis. A distribution map of the new species and the related species is provided.
Centaurea ertugruliana (Asteraceae), a new species from Turkey
(FINNISH ZOOLOGICAL BOTANICAL PUBLISHING BOARD, 2008) Uysal, Tuna
Centaurea ertugruliana Uysal sp. nova (Asteraceae) from Turkey is described and illustrated. It occurs only on rocky road sides from Bursa to Balikesir in the western part of the country.
Centaurea glabro-auriculata (Asteraceae), a new species from Turkey
(FINNISH ZOOLOGICAL BOTANICAL PUBLISHING BOARD, 2007) Uysal, Tuna; Demirelma, Hakki; Ertugrul, Kuddisi; Garcia-Jacas, Nuria; Susanna, Alfonso
Centaurea glabro-auriculata Uysal & Demirelma sp. nova (Asteraceae) is described and illustrated from Central Taurus, Turkey. The species grows in stony places in Derebucak (C3 Konya Province). It is morphologically most similar to C. drabifolioides and C. cheirolepidoides, which are likewise endemic to a restricted area within Turkey.
Centaurea kirmacii (Asteraceae), a new species from southwestern Anatolia, Turkey
(MAGNOLIA PRESS, 2018) Armagan, Metin; Uysal, Tuna
A new species of Centaurea is described from Turkey. Centaurea kirmacii Uysal & Armagan occurs on limestone slopes in Pinus brutia forests of Gorkcukur plateau of Kavaklidere (Mugla). The new species belongs to C. sect. Pteracantha Wagenitz, and taxonomically its closest relative is C. odyssei Wagenitz. Diagnostic characters of the new species are provided, with an updated key that includes related species of C. sect. Pteracantha in Turkey. The geographical distributions of the new species and its relatives of the same section are mapped.
Centaurea ochrocephala Wagenitz (Asteraceae): A new record foro flora of Turkey
(2007) Uysal, Tuna; Ertuğrul, Kuddisi; Tugay, Osman
Centaurea ochrocephala Wagenitz Türkiye florası için Güneydoğu Anadolu’dan yeni bir kayıt olarak tanımlanmıştır. Bu makale ile türün dağılış haritası, fotoğrafı ve betimi verilmiştir.
Centaurea Revisited: A Molecular Survey of the Jacea Group
(Oxford Univ Press, 2006) Garcia Jacas, N.; Uysal, Tuna; Romashchenko, K.; Suarez Santiago, V. N.; Ertuğrul, Kuddisi; Susanna, A.
Background and Aims The genus Centaurea has traditionally been considered to be a complicated taxon. No attempt at phylogenetic reconstruction has been made since recent revisions in circumscription, and previous reconstructions did not include a good representation of species. A new molecular survey is thus needed. center dot Methods Phylogenetic analyses were conducted using sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) 1 and 2 and the 5.8S gene. Parsimony and Bayesian approaches were used. center dot Key Results A close correlation between geography and the phylogenetic tree based on ITS sequences was found in all the analyses, with three main groups being resolved: (1) comprising the most widely distributed circum-Mediterranean/Eurosiberian sections; (2) the western Mediterranean sections; and (3) the eastern Mediterranean and Irano-Turanian sections. The results show that the sectional classification in current use needs major revision, with many old sections being merged into larger ones. A large polytomy in the eastern Mediterranean clade suggests a rapid and recent speciation in this group. Some inconsistencies between morphology and molecular phylogeny may indicate that hybridization has played a major role in the evolution of the genus. center dot Conclusions Phylogenetic analysis of ITS has been useful in identifying the major lineages in the group, and unraveling many inconsistencies in the sectional classification. However, most recent groups in the eastern Mediterranean clade are not resolved and reticulation in the western Mediterranean group of sections makes phylogenetic relationships within these two groups somewhat obscure.
Centaurea sakariyaensis (Asteraceae), a new species from Turkey
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2017) Uysal, Tuna; Dural, Huseyin; Tugay, Osman
In this paper, a new Centaurea L. (Asteraceae) species from Turkey is described and illustrated. Centaurea sakariyaensis Uysal & Dural grows on rocky crevices in Sakarya province in north-western Anatolia. It belongs to C. sect. Centaurea L. and taxonomically its closest relative is C. wiedemanniana. Diagnostic morphological characters from a very similar taxon are provided, and a key from flora of Turkey is modified that includes related species of sect. Centaurea. The geographical distribution of the new species and species of other related taxa of the same section are mapped. The chromosome number of C. sakariyaensis, 2n=18, counted in root tips, is also reported and illustrated.
Chromosome number and karyomorphologic studies of endemic Astragalus victoriae Podlech & Kirchhoff
(2019) Bozkurt, Meryem; Ertuğrul, Kuddisi; Uysal, Tuna
This paper is the first report known concerning with chromosome number and morphology of Astragalusvictoriae Podlech & Kirchhoff in Turkey. Karyomorphological analyses includes the chromosome length, centromerposition, the arms rates (short/long) and asymmetry indices. In the analyses, the chromosome number of A. victoriae wasdetermined as 2n 2x 16 and this data was consistent with the suggested chromosomal counts in Index to PlantChromosome Numbers (IPCN) for the genus. The karyotype of A. victoriae consists of metacentric and submetacentricchromosomes and the species is seen fairly different from in points of chromosome lengths (CV CL : 30.774). Thechromosome formula has been determined as 2sm14m and the species consists of symmetric chromosomes (AI: 2.958,CI: 46).
Comparative anatomical and morphological studies on six Muscari species (Asparagaceae)
(2019) Çıtak, Burcu Yılmaz; Dural, Hüseyin; Uysal, Tuna
In this paper, the anatomical and morphological traits of six Muscari species were examined and the taxonomicalrelationships were assessed by assisting of these characters. Except from Muscari macrocarpum, the others are endemicspecies for our country and they could be counted as M. bourgaei, M. sandrasicum, M. racemosum, M. turcicum and M.vuralii. In scope of morphometric analyses, many numbers of morphologic and anatomic characters were used todetermine the diagnostic of Muscari species and the created dendrogram gave very important information about them.Taxonomical obtained results supported the previous taxonomical assignments meaningfully in Flora of Turkey. Theoutcomes revealed that the taxa were similar in some aspects with such as sterile flowers, thick cuticle of scape and tworowed vascular bundles of scape. However, some features belonging to scape, leaves and flowers were primarilydiagnostic characters among taxa, and they were founded having taxonomic value in the distinction of these taxa fromeach other.
Composition of the essential oils of Centaurea sericeae Wagenitz and Centaurea ensiformis P.H. Davis from Turkey
(2010) Köse, Y. Bülent; Altıntaş, Ayhan; Tugay, Osman; Uysal, Tuna; Demirci, Betül; Ertuğrul, Kuddusi; Başer, K. Hüsnü Can
The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from two endemic Centaurea L. species (Asteraceae); Centaurea sericeae Wagenitz and Centaurea ensiformis P.H. Davis from Turkey was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), simultaneously. Caryophyllene oxide (10.6 %), nonacosane (8.6 %) and hexadecanoic acid (7 %) were the main constituents in the oil of C. sericeae and ?-eudesmol (29.8 %), hexadecanoic acid (8 %) and caryophyllene oxide (7.6 %) were the main constituents in the oil of C. ensiformis.
Determination of Chromosome Structures of Genotypes of Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) Selected from Natural Vegetation of Turkey
(UNIV TOKYO CYTOLOGIA, 2018) Ozer, Irfan; Tamkoc, Ahmet; Uysal, Tuna
The scope of the present study is to contribute to future breeding studies by determining the relationship between chromosome number and morphology of naturally occurring 18 genotypes of Turkish Lolium perenne. The chromosome number for all the studied genotypes was concurrently determined as 2n=14 (x=7). Their karyotypes showed a predominance of metacentric chromosomes. In the karyotype of one genotype, submetacentric chromosomes were dominant. A total of quantitative asymmetric indices were used to evaluate karyological features of the species. A meaningful dendrogram was carried out to assess the karyotype-symmetry conditions and described the karyotype relationships between different cytotypes. Chromosome lengths in a karyotype were between 1.52-2.95 mu m and there was a broad variation in asymmetric index karyotype formula. It may be proposed that the populations of the Turkish perennial ryegrass have quite an important potential relevant to chromosomal variation, and therefore this variation gives essential opportunities to agronomists to develop new cultivars in the future.
The determination of genetic relationships among someVicia L. (Vetch) taxa by using ISSR markers
(2013) Bozkurt, Meryem; Ertuğrul, Kuddisi; Uysal, Tuna
Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de doğal olarak yetişen bazı Vicia taksonları (V. sativa subsp. sativa, subsp. nigra var. nigra, subsp incisa var. cordata, V. cracca subsp. cracca, subsp gerardii, subsp atroviolacea, subsp stenophylla, V. hybrida, V.peregrina ve V. palaestina) arasındaki genetik akrabalıklar ISSR markırları yardımıyla değerlendirilmiştir. PCR denemeleri sırasında, 17 primer test edilmesine rağmen, sadece üç primer çalışılan tüm taksonlar için bilgi verici amplifikasyon ürünleri vermiştir. Seçilen ISSR primerleri tüm taksonlarda oldukça yüksek sayıda polimorfik lokus oluşturmuştur. ISSR bantlarından elde edilen dendrograma göre, incelenen taksonlardan Vicia seksiyonuna ait olanlar ile Cracca seksiyonuna ait olanlar iki alt grup olarak ayrılmıştır. Vicia seksiyonu alt kümesi, V. sativa’nın tür altı taksonları ile V. hybrida ve V. peregrina türlerinden; Cracca seksiyonu alt kümesi ise V. cracca’nın alt türleri ile V. palaestina türünden oluşmaktadır.
Determination of the Relationship Between Some Centaurea Species Based on SDS-PAGE
(TUBITAK SCIENTIFIC & TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY, 2010) Uysal, Tuna; Arslan, Emine; Tugay, Osman; Ertuğrul, Kuddisi
The protein patterns of 47 Centaurea species from Turkey were obtained using SDS-PAGE methods. Relationships between Centaurea species and related genera were evaluated via use of a dendrogram. SDS-PAGE provided protein profiles for an important and applicable selection within Centaurea, particularly for the section Cheirolepis and its relatives. We determined that the technique could be used to resolve taxonomic and evolutionary problems in the genus Centaurea, as most of the Centaurea species studied exhibited special protein profiles and patterns.
Endemik Muscari discolor Boiss & Hausskn Türü Üzerine Karyolojik Bir Çalışma
(Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi, 2009) Arslan, Emine; Uysal, Tuna
Bu çalısmayla, Muscari discolor Boiss&Hausskn türü karyolojik olarak incelenmistir. Bu tür için kromozom sayımı ikinci kez olmasına ragmen, karyotip morfolojisi ilk defa bu çalısmayla sunulmustur. Türün kromozom sayısı 2n= 18 olarak bulunmustur. Karyotipte, 5 metasentrik (M), 4 submetasentrik (SM) kromozom çiftleri bulunmus olup, bir çiftinde sekonder bogum belirlenmistir. Bu sekonder bogum 6. kromozom çiftinin uzun kolundadır.
The examinations of achene ultrastructural features of section Acrolophus (Centaurea, Asteraceae) via scanning electron microscopy
(TUBITAK SCIENTIFIC & TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY, 2016) Candan, Feyza; Uysal, Tuna; Tugay, Osman; Bozkurt, Meryem; Ertugrul, Kuddisi; Demirelma, Hakki
In this study, the achene surfaces of 31 taxa belonging to the genus Centaurea L. were examined in detail by means of electron microscopy. The main aim of this study was to characterize the microsculpture of the achene surface of the Turkish species of Centaurea sect. Acrolophus (Cass.) DC. (Asteraceae). Detailed descriptions of the achene surface were given for each taxon and a fruitful dendrogram was established by numerical analyses derived from the determined micromorphological features. The relationships among the taxa studied were briefly assessed using this generated dendrogram. The results indicated that the examined taxa had very high variations regarding their achene surfaces and these variations have great importance in determining the taxonomic relationships of the discussed taxa. According to the results, pericarp texture and color could be used for taxonomical diagnosis of the Acrolophus species because they contain differences over a broad spectrum. The fruit coat was usually roguish and its ornamentation was fairly variable; therefore, this taxonomical microcharacter might also be useful in distinguishing closely related taxa. The hairiness of the surface of the pericarp was characteristic in all Acrolophus species and it would be evaluated as a decisive micromorphological character of the section within the genus.
The examinations of achene ultrastructural features of section Acrolophus(Centaurea, Asteraceae) via scanning electron microscopy
(2016) Candan, Feyza; Uysal, Tuna; Tugay, Osman; Bozkurt, Meryem; Ertuğrul, Kuddisi; Demirelma, Hakkı
In this study, the achene surfaces of 31 taxa belonging to the genus Centaurea L. were examined in detail by means of electron microscopy. The main aim of this study was to characterize the microsculpture of the achene surface of the Turkish species of Centaurea sect. Acrolophus (Cass.) DC. (Asteraceae). Detailed descriptions of the achene surface were given for each taxon and a fruitful dendrogram was established by numerical analyses derived from the determined micromorphological features. The relationships among the taxa studied were briefly assessed using this generated dendrogram. The results indicated that the examined taxa had very high variations regarding their achene surfaces and these variations have great importance in determining the taxonomic relationships of the discussed taxa. According to the results, pericarp texture and color could be used for taxonomical diagnosis of the Acrolophus species because they contain differences over a broad spectrum. The fruit coat was usually roguish and its ornamentation was fairly variable; therefore, this taxonomical microcharacter might also be useful in distinguishing closely related taxa. The hairiness of the surface of the pericarp was characteristic in all Acrolophus species and it would be evaluated as a decisive micromorphological character of the section within the genus.
Genome-wide nucleotide diversity and associations with geography, ploidy level and glucosinolate profiles in Aethionema arabicum (Brassicaceae)
(SPRINGER WIEN, 2018) Mohammadin, Setareh; Wang, Wei; Liu, Ting; Moazzeni, Hamid; Ertugrul, Kuddisi; Uysal, Tuna; Christodoulou, Charalambos S.
The genus Aethionema is sister to the core Brassicaceae (including Arabidopsis thaliana) and thus has an important evolutionary position for comparative analyses. Aethionema arabicum (Brassicaceae) is emerging as a model to understand the evolution of various traits. We generated transcriptome data for seven Ae. arabicum genotypes across the species range including Cyprus, Iran and Turkey. Combined flow cytometry and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analyses identified distinct tetraploid (Iranian) and diploid populations (Turkish/Cypriot). The Turkish and Cypriot lines had a higher genome-wide genetic diversity than the Iranian lines. However, one genomic region contained genes with a higher diversity in the Iranian than the Turkish/Cypriot lines. Sixteen percent of the genes in this region were chaperonins involved in protein folding. Additionally, an analysis of glucosinolate profiles, chemical defence compounds of the Brassicaceae, showed a difference in diversity of indolic glucosinolates between the Iranian and Turkish/Cypriot lines. We showed that different Ae. arabicum individuals have different ploidy levels depending on their location (Iranian versus Turkish/Cypriot). Moreover, these differences between the populations are also shown in their defence compounds.

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