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Öğe The importance of photogrammetric methods in the archiving of cultural heritage: Case of ŞekerfuruŞ mescid (mosque)(International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference, 2017) Yakar M.; Ulvi A.; Alyilmaz C.; Alyilmaz S.In the process of documenting cultural heritage, traditional techniques have left their place to digital techniques, as their efforts to acquire the right data in the shortest time have developed in technology in recent years.The most common of these techniques is the terrestrial laser scanning technique and the terrestrial photogrammetry technique. In the documentation of cultural heritage, the level at which these methods are used today is quite pleasing. The greatest advantage of these methods is that it enables the observer to obtain the 3D model very precisely in a very short time without touching the object (minimum contact). The terrestrial photogrammetric modeling of the historical Şekerfuruş mosque in Konya has enabled the resulting product to be richer in terms of visual information, allowing the acquired data to be updated, shared and archived at any time. © SGEM2017. All Rights Reserved.Öğe Modeling and precision study with photogrammetry method of the “ince minaret” museum(International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference, 2017) Ulvi A.; Yakar M.; Alyilmaz C.; Alyilmaz S.Historical buildings require advanced measurement tools and techniques to be documented in detail and precisely because of their different natural characteristics, different dimensions, and complex architectural constructions. In this study, precise measurements were made with TotalStation, and photographs of historical works were taken from different angles. The obtained raw data were evaluated in a computer environment and a 3D model was obtained. It has been observed that the use of this system, which has started to occupy an important place especially in the field of engineering, offers significant advantages in terms of time, cost and labor for the users. The accuracy of the coordinates of the different points taken over the work was also evaluated.The evaluation results are sufficiently sensitive for architectural documentation and restoration work. © SGEM2017. All Rights Reserved.Öğe Monitoring of corrosion in fairy chimney by close range photogrammetry(International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2008) Yilmaz H.M.; Yakar M.; Yildiz F.A Fairy Chimney is a conical rock formation and typically found in the Cappadocia region of Turkey. It consists of a cap of hard rock resting on a cone-shaped pinnacle of softer rock. The geology of areas where Fairy Chimneys form typically comprises a thick layer of tuff (consolidated volcanic ash), covered by a thin layer of basalt or other volcanic rocks that are more resistant to erosion than the underlying tuff. Over time, cracks in the basalt allow the much softer tuff to be eroded and washed away. Fairy Chimneys are formed where a small cap or boulder of the original basalt remains, and protects a cone of tuff beneath it from erosion. Eventually, the tuff will be undercut to the extent that the cap falls off, and the remaining cone is then quickly eroded In this study, corrosion on the surface of fairy chimney, which is located in Selime district of Aksaray in Turkey, has been examined by digital close range photogrammetry. The fairy chimney has been evaluated by photogrammetric in two period. Its three dimensional (3D) model has been obtained. Its volume has been calculated from known heights. Corrosion in Fairy Chimney has been investigated.Öğe The photogrammetric evaluation of the tiles on Turkish traditional buildings, an example from Konya(International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2008) Göleç S.A.; Yakar M.; Korumaz M.The art of tile-earthenware glazed tiles-which is one of the oldest and traditional Turkish arts, are usually used in architecture and products such as pots and bowls as ceramics. Çini, which is a branch of ceramic art that developed in Central Asia, was brought to Anatolia by the Seljuks. It occupied a very important place in Ottoman architectural decoration and had very prominent place in the history of Islamic art. This branch of art had embellished mosques, madrasas (theological schools), tombs and palaces, kiosks, fountains, internal and external parts of similar buildings and Seljuk mosques, madrasas, tombs and palaces were decorated with exquisite tiles. From very old times, Turks had preferred to embellish their buildings with tiles and they had started to adorn their places of worship with the tiles. This preference became a tradition in the period of Anatolian Seljuks, continued in the period of Ottoman and this traditional art continued until the first years of Republic. Today, tile ceramic productions are made by contemporary techniques. The forms of the tiles are generally vegetal and geometric motifs. Wide surfaces can be covered with union of small tiles and they can be constituted only one motif in some situations. Many tiles on many historical buildings in our country had been lost because of wars, demolishing and robbery or they had been demolished. Today, in documentation of historical buildings with tiles, controller establishments particularly emphasize the necessity of the documentation of the surfaces with tiles and they make this documentation indispensable. Because of this obligation, especially designators get copies of these tiles by moulage one by one with very difficult working. With this method, transparent papers are spread over the tiles and motifs are drawn one by one with hand and with patient working. It can be seen an easy way to copy the tiles especially in the inside of the building, but when it is in outside of the building, their copy or measurement can become very difficult way because of the time problem, height of the building, weather conditions. For measuring and copying them, close range photogrammetric method will be very useful and it will facilitate the measurement, copying and drawing process in such situations. In the extent of this study, evaluations will be made on the tiles on a historical building facade which of measured drawings prepared and orthophoto images of these tiles prepared with photogrammetric method. And also in the study, evaluations about the simplicities that photogrammetric method brought to muralists and painters of ornaments who are collaborate with architects will be made with the completing these drawings in the computer.Öğe The photogrammetric modeling of Kayseri-Hizir Ilyas Mansion(2011) Yakar M.; Kocaman E.One of the provisions for being a modern country is to preserve its history and exhibit that history to the service of humanity. The preservation of "cultural heritage" created directly by humans or together with nature should be the joint effort of the whole of humanity. Historical artifacts may be damaged or totally destroyed due to neglect or various natural disasters. To maintain history from the past to the present, it is necessary to determine, document, repair and preserve the current situation of these historical artifacts. Different techniques are used in the documentation of cultural heritages in parallel with technological developments. Digital terrestrial photogrammetry has become a particularly important method used in this field in recent years. This study carried out a photogrammetric survey of Hizir Ilyas Mansion, situated in the town of Erkilet in the Kocasinan district of Kayseri. The mansion is situated on a tumulus, presumably built in the Hittites era in 2000 B.C. This mansion is a prominent artifact of Seljuk civil architecture and is presumed to have been built by a person named Ilyas in the 13th century. Photogrammetric measurements of the Hizir Ilyas Mansion were conducted with the digital terrestrial photogrammetry method. Scaled drawings, three-dimensional (3D) outline drawing and 3D photo models of the mansion were acquired from the measurements. This study shows that digital terrestrial photogrammetry provides great convenience in documentation studies regarding the maintenance of cultural and historical heritage; field surveys take a short time and all other work can be completed in the office. This study shows that documentation studies can be completed quickly and cheaply with digital terrestrial photogrammetry and also demonstrates that scaled archiving of historical and cultural heritage could be conducted digitally and 3D models could be obtained. In addition, 3D animation of the mansion was constructed from "AVI" format video files after the photogrammetric assessment. © 2011 Academic Journals.Öğe Road traffic noise in the city of konya modelling using by GIS(2006) Sahinkaya S.; Ozdemir C.; Yakar M.Noise is defined as unwanted sound and one of the threatening factors for human health. Noise effects on human health psychological, physiological and mentally such as interference with communication, hearing loss, sleep disturbance, stress, annoyance, effects on performance. Road traffic is one of the most important noise sources in residental areas. Subsource of the road noise are engine noise, tyre/road noise and aerodynamic noise. The level of noise from traffic is correlated with the traffic flow rate, the speed of the vehicles, and the proportion of heavy vehicles, which, together with motorcycles, tend to be about twice as loud as motor cars. The aim of this study is road traffic noise modelling and visualization based on GIS as a noise map. The noise maps are important to determine whether noise levels due to the roadway exceeds admissible levels according to Turkish Noise Regulation or not. The needed datas for noise map of road traffic were obtained from measurements along the Konya - Istanbul motorway. Road traffic noise was measured at different points on main road, where traffic flow is free, in the morning hours between 07.00 - 09.00, at noon hours between 11.00 - 14.00, in evening hours between 16.00 - 18.00 and at night hours between 22.00 - 24.00. The measured datas were included traffic volume and combination, the average speed of each type of vehicles, physical conditions of roadway, number of lanes, lane, shoulder and median width for main carriageway. The total traffic noise was analyzed from traffic volume of all vehicles types on both sides of mainroad. Noise propagation calculations were made by a developed visual basic application in the present study. Traffic noise model used in this study was developed by the US's Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). Geographical Information Systems (GIS) play an important role in noise mapping. An appropriate use of GIS in mapping noise effects makes it possible to optimise quality and efficiency of noise effect studies. So noise visualition was implemented by a commercial Georaphical Information Systems (GIS) in this study. As a result, noise pollution from roadway is visualized in the form of noise contours which provide a visual description of the soundscape. Futhermore, it's seen that noise was not admissible levels according to Turkish Noise Regulation. © 2006. International Scientific Conference SGEM.Öğe Selection of the Most Suitable Sizes of Ground Control Points in the Satellite Images(International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2004) Yılmaz H.M.; Yakar M.; Mutluoğlu O.; Yıldız F.Nowadays, satellite images have been used for many applications intensively. Using of the digital satellite images in relevant approaches may give more accurate ideas about the researched fields. Besides, different methods could be used for derivation of maps from relevant digital data in many scientific disciplines. One of these methods is to use satellite images. The most important reason of using the maps, which are derived from satellite images, is accuracy of data. To obtain maps from satellite images or use satellite images as map, the satellite images required certain rectification. For a rectification process, ground control points are plotted in field. In the present study, the most suitable ground control point sizes were investigated for multi-spectral images from IKONOS satellite of one-meter resolution. The present study showed that the most suitable size of ground control point was 2.5 m diameter points.Öğe Surveying and documentation of detailed historical heritage by laser scanning(International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2007) Altuntas C.; Yildiz F.; Karabork H.; Yakar M.; Karasaka L.In this research, surveying and documentation of historical heritage has been aimed by using laser scanning. Developing technologies has brought out in surveying and documentation of historical heritage. Laser scanning which is the last technology in survey is proper in particularly detailed small objects. Traditional survey techniques have some limitation representation detailed object particularly elements characterized by plastic forms and complex geometrical forms. Laser scanner quickly measures with desired interval of concern object in form x,y,z coordinates. With obtaining point cloud, all decorative details of objects are visualization by enough accuracy and desired form with proper software. In this paper, Sidamara's grave in Archeological Museum of Konya, which have been detailed, has been measured and modeled. The surface models generated from point clouds have been visualization in color and gray scale mode. © 2007 International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. All rights reserved.Öğe The use of stereophotogrammetry in oral surgery: Measurement of area changes after secondary epithelization and grafting vestibuloplasties(2012) Ozturk A.; Dolanmaz D.; Celik S.; Isik K.; Karabork H.; Yildiz F.; Yakar M.Objective: Stereophotogrammetry (SPT) is a method in which three-dimensional coordinates are calculated from multiple two-dimensional projections. The purpose of this study was to compare the surface area changes between the secondary healing and grafting vestibuloplasty techniques in the mandible by using a stereophotogrammetric technique (SPT). Patients and Methods: Thirteen patients were included in this study: six patients were managed by using full-thickness skin or palatal mucosa grafts (two full-thickness palatal mucosal grafts and four full-thickness skin grafts); the remaining seven patients, who did not accept a second surgery for graft harvesting, underwent secondary epithelization vestibuloplasties. Postoperative changes of surgical areas were measured by using SPT. Statistical Analyses: The Wilcoxon (intragroup comparisons) and Mann-Whitney U (intergroup comparisons) tests were used for analysis of data. Results: In the grafting vestibuloplasty group, the surface area gain was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In the secondary epithelization vestibuloplasty group, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05), with even decrease of surface area being noted in some cases. Conclusion: SPT is a valid method for measurement of intraoral soft tissue changes.Öğe Using the close range photogrammetry technique in 3-dimensional work: History of obrukhan sample(International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference, 2017) Ulvi A.; Yakar M.; Alyilmaz C.; Alyilmaz S.Historical artifacts are not inherited to us, but are the most precious works we will pass on to future generations. Documentation and preservation of historical works is one of the common tasks of human being. Historical artifacts are constantly eroded and worn over time in natural and unnatural ways. The restoration and consolidation of these structures should be taken as a whole in their work. Measurements and modeling of the work should be made from technological developments. The terrestrial photogrammetry technique is also used in 3D modeling of historical works. The objects that are actually inaccessible in this method are quite effective in the sense. In this study, the 3D modeling of historical obruk han located in Konya province is done in Photomodel software. The obtained 3-dimensional model is sensitive enough in restoration works. The visualization of this building is of great importance for the promotion of the history and cultural heritage. © SGEM2017. All Rights Reserved.
