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Öğe IL-6 and IL-1 beta responses to a carbohydrate-electrolyte drink in orienteering athletes(GDANSK UNIV PHYSICAL EDUCATION & SPORT, 2018) Ipekoglu, Gokhan; Gonulates, Suleyman; Er, Fatmanur; Yaman, Metin; Karacan, Selma; Cayci, Banu; Colakoglu, FilizBackground: This study was conducted to determine acute effects of carbohydrate-electrolyte (CHO-E) found in sports drinks, ingested just before an orienteering competition, on the levels of plasma IL-6 and IL-1 beta cytokine. Material and methods: The study was conducted in a randomized, double-blind design, including 23 elite orienteering athletes who volunteered to participate. Following the collection of resting specimens of blood, the experimental group (n = 12) was administered a sports drink containing CHO-E, while the placebo group (n = 11) was administered 500 ml of plain water. The subjects were asked to finish the orienteering competition. Result: IL-1 beta level in the 24th hour after the competition was found to be significantly lower than in precompetition and 2 hours after the competition in the placebo group (p < 0.05). The IL-6 levels of the experimental group in the 24th hour after the competition were significantly lower than those measured at the end of the competition and in the 2nd hour following the competition (p < 0.05). In intergroup comparisons, no significant differences were detected in the IL-1 beta and IL-6 levels (p > 0.05). Conclusion: A drink containing CHO-E might have stopped muscle contraction-associated cytokine production by increasing the tissue stability of the muscles, compensating the loss of fluid and electrolytes from athletes' bodies.Öğe The impact of the education level of the members who benefit from sports businesses on their service quality expectation and perception level(2014) Demırel, Havva; Yaman, MetinThis study was carried out to identify the perceptions and expectations of the members regarding the service they receive at the businesses that offers recreational sports/fitness program and to determine whether their expectations and perceptions on the service quality differ correlating with the members level of education. Research was carried out with 623 members, 349 women, 274 men, benefiting from sports enterprises operating in the province of Ankara. The research data were obtained using Turkish Version of the Service Quality Assessments Scale (SQAS-T) developed by Lam et al. and tested for the reliability and validity in Turkey by Gurbuz. In data analysis, t and ANOVA tests were used in independent groups. The expected service quality scores of the members whose education level was high school were determined to be significantly higher (p<0.05) only in terms of staff than the members whose education level was university, but there were no differences (p>0.05) in the other sub-dimensions. Also according to the education level of the members who participated in the research, statistically meaningful differences (p<0.05) were determined between the perceived service quality scores in terms of the staff, program, dressing rooms, and the institution. In conclusion, the level of education was determined to have an impact on expected and perceived service quality.Öğe An Investigation of the Reasons for and Expectations From Boxing Participation of Male Athletes Who Participated in the School Sports Young Adults B Category Boxing Turkey Championship(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2019 Nisan) Yaman, Metin; Çiçek, HüseyinThe present study aims to investigate the reasons for and expectations from boxing participation of male athletes who participated in the 2018 School Sports Young Adults B Category Boxing Turkey Championship held in Erzincan. Method: The present study enrolled the licensed athletes who participated in the 2018 School Sports Young Adults B Category Boxing Turkey Championship. A total of 150 athletes participated in this Championship. It was conducted with the voluntary participation of the male athletes participating in the Turkey Finals of the School Sports Young Adults B Category. The population of the study consists of 150 athletes, and the sample consists of 102 male athletes. Personal information form developed by Ayilgan (2017) was used to collect the data. The data were analysed by frequency distribution and percentage distribution in SPSS 17.0 package program. Findings: Of the participants, 2% were in the 10-14 age range while 98% were in the 15-19 age range. Besides, 33.3% of the participants reside in metropolises, 51.0% in cities and 15.7% in districts. It was also found that 31.4% of the participants were engaged in boxing for one year, 18.6% for two years, 18.6% for three years, 15.7% for four years, and 15.7% for five years and more. A majority (52%) of the participants planned to be national athletes in the future and received sufficient support from their social circles. 47% of the participants received rewards or bonuses from their clubs whereas 53% received no awards or bonuses. Conclusion: Considering the responses of the athletes who participated in our study, it can be seen that they are fond of boxing and their social circles have sufficient knowledge of boxing.