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    Aggressive treatment for urothelial cancer-complete urinary tract extirpation: operative feasibility in two cases
    (AVES, 2019) Akand, Murat.; Kılıç, Özcan.; Harmankaya, İsmail.; Karabağlı, Pınar.; Yavaş, Çağdaş.; Ata, Özlem.
    Bladder cancer (BC), the most common malignancy of the urinary tract, accounts for 90-95% of all urothelial carcinomas (UCs), while upper urinary tract UC (UUTUC) accounts for only 5-10%. Radical nephroureterectomy with excision of bladder cuff, and radical cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection and a urinary diversion (UD) are the gold standard treatments for UUTUC and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), respectively. These two treatments can be performed simultaneously when a bilateral or unilateral UUTUC is present with a MIBC, and are called complete urinary tract extirpation (CUTE) and hemi-CUTE, respectively. This complex surgery can help the patient by avoiding multi-staged surgeries, repeated anesthesia, and delay in completion of treatment. Herein, we report the first cases of a hemi-CUTE and CUTE in our department and share our experience with this aggressive and complex surgical treatment.
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    The impact of imiquimod on radiation-induced lung injury: Results of an experimental study
    (BAYRAKOL MEDICAL PUBLISHER, 2019) Calik, Mustafa.; Yavaş, Güler.; Çelik, Zeliha Esin.; Yavaş, Çağdaş.; Calik, Saniye Goknil.; Sargon, Mustafa Fevzi.; Esme, Hidir.
    Aim: Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a major dose-limiting factor during thoracic irradiation. Imiquimod (Imq) is a heterocyclic amine that has been shown to be effective in diseases related to inflammation and fibrosis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of Imiquimod on RILI. Material and Method: The study included 60 adult female Wistar-Albino rats (250-300 g). Rats were divided into 6 groups: Group (G) 1: control, G2: radiotherapy (RT) only, G3 and G4: 5 and 10 mg/kg Imq; G5 and G6 RT: plus 5 and 10 mg/kg Imq groups respectively. A single dose of 15 Gray (Gy) RT was given to the lungs. Imq was applied intraperitoneal. Results: The inflammation, fibrosis, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta scores of the study groups were significantly different at 6th and 16th week of RT (p < 0.001 for all). At the 6th week of RT, inflammation, fibrosis, and TGF-beta scores did not differ in both RT and non-RT groups. By the 16th week of RT inflammation, fibrosis, and TGF-beta scores were significantly different between G2 and G5, and G2 and G6. Electron microscopy findings supported the results of the light microscopy. Discussion: Although Imq did not improve pneumonitis phase, Imq attenuated radiation-induced lung fibrosis. These findings should be clarified with further preclinical and clinical studies.