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    Effects of different irrigation interval and plant-pan coefficient applications on yield and quality parameters of oil sunflower grown in semi-arid climatic conditions
    (SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2019) Yavuz, Nurcan.; Çiftçi, Nizamettin.; Yavuz, Duran.
    Sustainability of plant production activities and improvement of irrigated lands in arid and semi-arid regions totally depend on efficient use of available water resources. Such an efficient use of water resources can be provided through assessment of water-yield relationships and identification of proper irrigation programs, schedules, and operational principles. There are no studies carried out to determine water-yield relations of oleic-type sunflower plants grown over large areas in Konya plain. In this study, different irrigation intervals (S) and crop-pan coefficients (Kcp) were used in drip irrigation of sunflower plants in Konya which is located at the Middle Anatolia in Turkey. The primary objective was to determine the effects of irrigation levels and intervals on yield and quality parameters of sunflower plants. Experiments were conducted in 2013-2014 growing seasons in 3 x 5 factorial design with 4 replications. Three different irrigation intervals (S-5:5, S-10:10, and S-15:15-day) and five different crop-pan coefficients (Kcp(1.25):125% of pan evaporation, Kcp(1.00):100% of pan evaporation, Kcp(0.75):75% of pan evaporation, Kcp(0.50):50% of pan evaporation, and Kcp(0.00):rain-fed without irrigation) were used in this study. In an average of 2 years, the greatest seed yield (5481 kg/ha) was obtained from S(10)Kcp(1.25) with the greatest water consumption (748.7 mm). As compared with S(10)Kcp(1.25) treatment, about 25% decrease was observed in yield of Kcp(0.75) treatments irrigated at 5- and 10-day intervals. Such a decrease was identified as 15% in Kcp(1.00) treatments irrigated at 15-day intervals. Therefore, for optimum seed yields from sunflower plants grown in Konya plain, irrigation intervals should not exceed 10 days. Also, crop-pan coefficient should be taken as 1.00 for high seed yields. Again, in an average of 2 years, irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) of the treatments varied between 0.70 and 3.70 kg/m(3) and water use efficiency (WUE) values varied between 0.53 and 0.75 kg/m(3). The average yield response factor (k(y)) was identified as 1.14. Since the value is greater than 1, it was concluded that sunflower plants were sensitive to water deficits under Konya conditions.
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    Identification of drought-tolerant pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) genotypes associated with certain fruit characteristics, seed yield, and quality
    (ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2019) Seymen, Musa.; Yavuz, Duran.; Dursun, Atilla.; Kurtar, Ertan Sait.; Türkmen, Önder.
    Climate change-associated drought stress in plants is one of the major environmental factors that cause a reduction in plant growth, development, and productivity. Therefore, an improvement to obtain superior genotypes that are highly adaptable to arid and semi-arid conditions remains the main objective of the future breeding efforts. In this context, the present study was conducted to determine the genotypic differences among 16 inbred lines and 4 commercial cultivars of pumpkin associated with the parameters such as certain fruit characteristics, seed yield, and seed quality in irrigated and drought conditions. In the growing season of pumpkin, the amount of irrigation water applied was 402.6 mm in 2017 and 425.4 mm in 2018. In all the evaluated parameters, the examined genotypes exhibited a wide range of significant differences between the irrigated and drought conditions in both the years. Moreover, a significant positive correlation was observed between seed yield and fruit number, seed-thickness and plant height, and 1000-seed weight and seed size. In terms of seed quality, 1000-seed weight was determined to be a prominent parameter. The results of the present study demonstrated that these relationships imply a significant potential for the selection of genotypes with superior performance in both conditions. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA), performed considering the Eigenvalues, indicated that the yield and quality components could be explained strongly by the PCA analysis in irrigated as well as in drought conditions. Finally, the inbred line G9 was observed to be the most superior genotype in terms of yield and fruit number in both irrigation and drought conditions; therefore, this inbred line is envisaged to be evaluated in future breeding studies and to be included in future hybrid programs in order to develop drought-tolerant cultivars.