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    Benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer differentiation via platelet to lymphocyte ratio
    (IOS PRESS, 2015) Kaynar, Mehmet; Yildirim, Mehmet Erol; Gul, Murat; Kilic, Ozcan; Ceylan, Kadir; Goktas, Serdar
    BACKGROUND: The aim of the current study is to evaluate NLR and PLR inflammation markers in PCa and BPH. METHODS: Clinical and pathological data such as age, prostate volume, PSA, NLR, and PLR levels of 201 patients were retrospectively reviewed. Pathological sample results of these patients were categorized either as benign or malign. The benign group consisted of chronic prostatitis and BPH and the malign group of PCa. The PSA levels were divided into three categories as PSA: 0-4 ng/ml, PSA: 4-10 ng/ml, and 10 ng/ml and above. RESULTS: In the benign category, the mean PLR values for PSA: 0-4 ng/ml is 131.8 +/- 31.2, for PSA: 4-10 ng/ml 124.7 +/- 83.9 and 10 ng/ml and above 124 +/- 53 in chronic prostatitis group and in the BPH group for PSA: 4-10 ng/ml 120.3 +/- 45.1, for PSA: 4-10 ng/ml 126 +/- 54,2, and 10 ng/ml and above 191.4 +/- 176.1. In the malign category, the mean PLR values of PCa patients is for PSA: 0-4 ng/ml 122.8 +/- 43.8, for PSA: 4-10 ng/ml 123 +/- 43.8, and above 10 ng/ml 179.1 +/- 94. Related to the variables of age, NLR, and mean prostate volume, there were no statistically significant differences. Statistically significant differences were observed in the mean PLR values only if the PSA level was 10 ng/ml and above (p: 0.044) in the BPH and PCa groups. The correlation of the PCa Gleason score and PSA, NLR and PLR parameters in the malign category revealed no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Effective malign and benign differentiation of prostate pathologies based on noninvasive inflammation biomarkers such NLR and PLR necessitate clinical studies with larger patient series.
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    Bladder cancer invasion predictability based on preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio
    (SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, 2014) Kaynar, Mehmet; Yildirim, Mehmet Erol; Badem, Huseyin; Cavis, Mucahit; Tekinarslan, Erdem; Istanbulluoglu, Mustafa Okan; Karatas, Omer Faruk
    An increased pretreatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with poor prognosis in colorectal, gastric, and ovarian cancer; malignant mesothelioma; and renal cell carcinoma. The present study aims to define the predictive value of preoperative peripheral blood count NLR in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and muscle-invasive disease (MIBC) patients. There were in total 291 patients, 241 males and 50 females. Out of these, 156 male and 36 female patients were in the NMIBC group and 85 male and 14 female patients in the MIBC group. In the NMIBC group, 172 patients had low-grade and 20 high-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma. The mean age of the patients in the NMIBC group was 64 +/- 13, ranging from 27 to 97. The mean age of the patients in MIBC group was 70.5 +/- 10, ranging from 27 to 95. A statistically significant relation between patient ages and tumor invasiveness was determined (p = 0.023, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 63.3-66.7). The mean tumor size of the NMIBC group was 2.1 +/- 1.09 (cm) (range 0.5-8), and of MIBC group 3.6 +/- 1.5 (cm) (range 0.8-9). There was a statistically significant relation between the tumor size and invasiveness (p = 0.002, 95 % CI 2.8-4.4). In the NIMBC group, 149 (77.6 %) of them have NLR a parts per thousand currency signaEuro parts per thousand 2.5 and 43 (22.4 %) have NLR > 2.5. Also, in MIBC, 67 (67.7 %) of them have NLR a parts per thousand currency signaEuro parts per thousand 2.5 and 32 (32.3 %) have NLR > 2.5. The mean NLR in the NMIBC group was 2.4 +/- 0.1 (range 0.08-6.49, 95 % CI 1.52-2.71) and in the MIBC 2.9 +/- 0.2 (range 0.08-16.72, 95 % CI 1.67-2.97). In terms of NLR, there was a statistically significant difference between the NMIBC and MIBC groups (p = 0.028). Platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) of the two groups was also analyzed. The PLR of the NMIBC group was 12.8 +/- 15.1 (range 3.38-19.1) and of the MIBC 13.6 +/- 8.78 (range 0.18-63), yet there was not any statistically significant difference (p = 0.810, 95 % CI 11.4-14.8) (Table 1). The correlation tests revealed a positive correlation between the age (r = 0.144, p = 0.024), tumor size (r = 0.193, p = 0.02), and tumor invasiveness NLR (r = 0.138, p = 0.031). NLR can be used to determine tumor invasiveness as a cost-effective, common, and simple biomarker in bladder cancer (BC).
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    The effectiveness of local steroid injection after internal urethrotomy to avoid recurrence
    (PAGEPRESS PUBL, 2015) Yildirim, Mehmet Erol; Kaynar, Mehmet; Ozyuvali, Ekrem; Badem, Huseyin; Cakmak, Muzaffer; Kosem, Bahadir; Cimentepe, Ersin
    Objective: Local steroid injection to the stricture region after internal urethrotomy (IU) is a promising technique to avoid the recurrence, although the effectiveness and safety of this technique is still controversial. We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of local steroids as applied with the IU procedure. Material-Method: A total of 83 patients data with urethral stricture in men were examined retrospectively. Patients classified in two groups who had steroid injection with internal urethrotomy or not. Metil prednisolone 40 mg was injected with transurethral injection needle in the stricture region at the 5, 7 and 12 o'clock sites at the same session with internal urethrotomy. Procedure was considered successful if patient did not report any voiding difficulty and maximum flow rate > 15 mL/second for a voided volume of at least 150 mL after removal of the catheter. Patient's age, time to recurrence, previous recurrences were evaluated. Results: The mean age was 56.4 (18-83) years. Of those patients 33/83 had recurrent stenosis. Nineteen out of these 33 recurrent stenosis patients were treated with local steroid injection and 14/33 had no injection. Only two patients of the steroid treated group had recurrence. Despite that 12 patients had recurrence in the steroid non-treated group. Also the primary stenosis patients showed no recurrence at the steroid+ IU group. Conclusions: The use of local steroids with IU seems to decrease the high stricture recurrence rate following IU. When local steroids were administered with complementary intention, the disease control outcomes are encouraging. Further robust comparative effectiveness studies are now required.
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    What is harmful for male fertility: Cell phone or the wireless internet?
    (WILEY, 2015) Yildirim, Mehmet Erol; Kaynar, Mehmet; Badem, Huseyin; Cavis, Mucahit; Karatas, Omer Faruk; Cimentepe, Ersin
    In this study, we aimed to assess the potential harmful effects of radiofrequency-electromagnetic radiation on sperm parameters. We requested semen for analyses from the male patients coming to our infertility division and also asked them to fill out an anonymous questionnaire. We queried their mobile phone and wireless internet usage frequencies in order to determine their radiofrequency-electromagnetic radiation exposure. A total of 1082 patients filled the questionnaire but 51 of them were excluded from the study because of azoospermia. There was no significant difference between sperm counts and sperm morphology excluding sperm motility, due to mobile phone usage period, (p = 0.074, p = 0.909, and p = 0.05, respectively). The total motile sperm count and the progressive motile sperm count decreased due to the increase of internet usage (p = 0.032 and p = 0.033, respectively). In line with the total motile sperm count, progressive motile sperm count also decreased with wireless internet usage compared with the wired internet connection usage (p = 0.009 and p = 0.018, respectively). There was a negative correlation between wireless internet usage duration and the total sperm count (r = -0.089, p = 0.039). We have also explored the negative effect of wireless internet use on sperm motility according to our preliminary results. Copyright (C) 2015, Kaohsiung Medical University. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. All rights reserved.