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Öğe Effects of Morphine on the Rat Lymphoid Organs and Adrenal Glands: Results of Enzyme Histochemical and Histometric Investigations(ECOLE NATIONALE VETERINAIRE TOULOUSE, 2001) Salbacak, A.; Çelik, I.; Karabulut, A. K.; Özkan, Y.; Uysal, I. I.; Çiçekçibaşı, A. E.Effects of morphine on the rat lymphoid tissues and adrenal glands were investigated by means of histological, histometrical and enzyme histochemical methods. The experimental animals were treated with 5 mg/kg morphine hydrochloride at daily intervals for 30 days. Morphine treatment caused severe lymphoid cell depletion from spleen, thymus and lymph nodes whereas, ileal Peyer's patches were affected moderately. Both peripheral blood lymphocyte percentage and ANAE-positive lymphocyte frequency in the lymphocyte fraction decreased. The changes in lymphoid organs provide morphological evidence for morphine induced immune suppression. Along with these, observation of the thickening of the adrenal cortex and medulla might show that morphine induced immuno suppression may occur via increased glucocorticoid secretion.Öğe The Effects of Various Level of Vitamin E on the Immunity and Egg Yield of Laying Hens(SCIENTIFIC TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY, 1997) Coşkun, B.; İnal, F.; Erganış, O.; Kuyucuoğlu, Y.; Ok, U.; Çelik, I.; Tiftik, A. M.This research was carried out in two experiments. In first experiment, four different levels of vitamin E (0, 5, 35 and 70 IU/kg feed) were added the diets based on corn, and the effects of the diets on egg yields, blood vitamin E levels, T-lymphocyte percentage, plasma cell count in spleen and antibody titers against the vaccine of Newcastle disease were investigated for one years. Total of 864 laying hens were used in this experiment. The mean egg yields of the experimental groups were 79.9, 80.6, 77.2 and 79.5% (P>0.05) and feed consumptions for one kg egg were 2.23, 2.23, 2.36 and 2.20 kg (P<0.05). No significant differences among groups found in blood vitamin E levels and histologic and immunologic results. In the second experiment twentyfour chick for each group were supplied by hatching eggs from the hens used in experiment I in order to investigate maternal immunity. Antibody titers were determined at day 2, 7 and 10. At same day, for histologic investigation, blood and some lenfoid tissue samples from spleen, bursa Fabricii, tymus and ileum were taken at same days the effects of different vitamin E levels were not significant on the antibody titers and histologic results.Öğe The Effects of Various Level of Vitamin E on the Immunity and Egg Yield of Laying Hens(1997) Coşkun, B.; İnal, F.; Erganiş, O.; Kuyucuoğlu, Y.; Ok, U.; Çelik, I.; Tiftik, A. M.This research was carried out in two experiments. In first experiment, four different levels of vitamin E (0. 5, 35 and 70 IU/kg feed) were added the diets based on corn, and the effects of the diets on egg yields, blood vitamin E levels, T-lymphocyte percentage, plasma cell count in spleen and antibody titers against the vaccine of Newcastle disease were investigated for one years. Total of 864 laying hens were used in this experiment. The mean egg yields of the experimental groups were 79.9, 80.6, 77.2 and 79.5% (P>0.05) and feed consumptions for one kg egg were 2.23, 2.23, 2.36 and 2.20 kg (P<0.05). No significant differences among groups found in blood vitamin E levels and histologic and immunologic results. In the second experiment twentyfour chick for each group were supplied by hatching eggs from the hens used in experiment I in order to investigate maternal immunity. Antibody titers were determined at day 2, 7 and 10. At same day, for histologic investigation, blood and some lenfoid tissue samples from spleen, bursa Fabricii, tymus and ileum were taken at same days the effects of different vitamin E levels were not significant on the antibody titers and histologic results.Öğe Histochemical and Histological Evaluations of the Effects of High Incubation Temperature on Embryonic Development of Thymus and Bursa of Fabricius in Broiler Chickens(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2010) Öznurlu, Yasemin; Çelik, I.; Telatar, T.; Sur, E.1. The effects of experimentally induced heat-stress on the embryonic development of bursa of Fabricius and thymus of the chicken were investigated by means of histological and enzyme histochemical methods. 2. In the experiments, 250 fertile eggs of the Ross 308 broiler strain were divided into two groups. The control eggs were maintained under optimal conditions (378 degrees C and 65 +/- 2% relative humidity, RH) during the whole incubation period. Heat stressed eggs were maintained under normal conditions (378 degrees C and 65 +/- 2% RH) until the 10th d of incubation and then exposed continuously (24 h per d) to high temperature (388 degrees C and 65 +/- 2% RH). Blood and tissue samples were taken from 10 animals of each group at d 13, 15, 18 and 21 of incubation and at d 2, 4 and 7 post-hatch. Tissue samples were processed for enzyme histochemical methods in addition to routine histological techniques. 3. The results revealed that egg temperatures were higher than incubator air temperature. Long-term heat-stress (401-406 degrees C egg temperature) retarded development of thymus and bursa of Fabricius. Peripheral blood ACP-ase and ANAE-positive lymphocyte levels of heat-stressed animals were lower than in the controls. 4. These results give some morphological evidence for immunosuppression induced by high temperature exposure during the embryonic development. Temperature distribution and air circulation in incubator should be questioned in the case of lower broiler flock immunity.
