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    Boundary extraction in texture mosaics using discontinuity information in feature space [Özellik uzayinda devamsizlik bilgisi kullanilarak doku mozaiklerinde sinir çikarimi]
    (2010) Öztürk A.; Arslan A.
    In this study, boundary extraction between textures is examined. The overall system consists of three stages. In the first stage, the gradients in feature space are estimated using a modified version of gray-level edge detection operators. For comparison purposes, both the Prewitt and Sobel operators are used. The second stage involves application of a threshold value to obtain a binary image displaying edges found in the first stage. In the last and crucial stage, some morphological post-processing operations are applied on the binary edge image to remove spurious pixels inside regions and to thin the thick edges occuring due to both rough thresholding and the use of large displacement value in edge detection. To discriminate between textures, four different features are used. The first three features are the fractal dimension (FD) of original image, constrast-strecthed image and top-hat transformed image, respectively. The fourth feature is the entropy which is a parameter obtained from the spatial gray-level co-occurrence matrix of the image. The experimental results are presented for mosaics with different number of textures from Brodatz album.
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    Effects of different stocking and lighting regimes on fattening performance and sexual maturity of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) [Japon bildircinlarinda (Coturnix coturnix japonica) farkli yerleşim sikli?i ve aydinlatma programlannin besi performansi ve cinsel olgunluk yaşina etkileri]
    (1996) Yazgan O.; Boztepe S.; Öztürk A.; Parlat S.S.; Da? B.
    The effects of different stocking densities and lighting regimes on fattening performance and sexual maturiy in Japanese quail ae determined. A total of 720 chicks were caged in three separate rooms 9 m2 in size. Twelve treatments consisting of three lighting regimes: 24 (L1). 16 (L2) and 8 (L3) hours light/day, and four stocking densities: 240 (D1), 144 (D2), 103 (D3) and 80 (D4) cm2/bird were applied. The experiment was a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement of treatments. Two replicates of each treatment were used. Performance characteristics were determined at the first day of each week at almost the same time during the five-week experimental period. The time at which 50% of the birds rearched egg and sperm production was accepted as the age at sexual maturity. Avegare live weight of treatment : L1, L2 and L3 were 178.3, 174.6 and 165.5 g and average daily live weight gains were 5.8, 5.6 and 5.3 g. respectively. Average feed efficiency for L1, L2 and L3 were 3.72, 4.05 and 4.00 g, respectively. The same parameters for different stocking rates : D1, D2, D3 and D4 were 4.17, 4.01, 4.02 and 3.50 g, respectively. Age at sexual maturity in L1, L2 and L3 treatments were 27, 31 and 50 days for male qualis and 39, 39 and 62 days for female quails, respectively. Fattening performance and sexual maturity were affected by lighting regimes, but feed efficiency was not affected statistically. Effect of stocking density on feed efficiency was found to be statistically significant, but its effect on sexual maturity was not significant.
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    Endourological treatment of bladder leiomyoma
    (2008) Öztürk A.; Piskin M.M.; Arslan M.; Güven S.; Toy H.; Serarslan A.
    Leiomyoma is a benign, mesenchymal tissue originated, rare tumor of the bladder. Mostly, bladder leiomyomas are asymptomatic and found incidentally. A female predominance is found. We describe a female patient with leiomyoma of the bladder who presented with pelvic pain and in whom bladder preserving surgery was performed. The literature is reviewed and the management is discussed.
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    A geochemical and geostatistical approach to the origin of the Çatmakaya (Seydişehir-Türkiye) bauxite deposit [Çatmakaya (Seydişehir - Türkiye) boksit yata?inin kökenine jeoistatistiksel ve joekimyasal bir yaklaşim]
    (2006) Karada? M.M.; Arik F.; Öztürk A.
    The Çatmakaya bauxite deposit occurs in a karstic depression at the top of the Cenomanian limestone, namely the Katrangedi?i formation, and is overlain by the Senonian limestones of the Do?ankuzu formation. These formations are tectonically overlain by the ophiolitic slices of the Bozkir unit mainly comprising diabase-dolerite, serpentinite, radiolarite, limestone and cherts with tectonic contact emplaced during the Late Eocene-Early Miocene period. In order to determine the possible source rocks of the Çatmakaya bauxite deposit, the samples collected from limestones, ophiolites, bauxite ore and terra-rossas were geochemically and geostatistically analysed. Based on the analysis results of ophiolite samples, the strong positive correlations were found between the Al2O3-CaO pair, different stable elements ratios, and regression line deviation from origin on the stable elements scattering diagram indicate that ophiolites can not be the source rocks of the bauxites. When the fact that the bauxites were derived from limestones is taken into account, an intermediate-products is needed to explain the geochemical behaviour of some elements. In this case, the terra-rossa in the intermediate-product. During the course of the transformation from limestone to terra-rossa, increases in Si and K were 77 - fold the following elements were by multiples of the numbers following them in the list: Zr 60, Ti 50.5, Fe 45.5, Al, Cu, Ga, Nb and Th 37-40, Pb 21, Cr 19.6, Na 14, V 11, Ni 9.3, Mg 7.5 and Zn 2.5 times. While all these elements show increases, Ca decreased 20.1 times. During the transition from terra-rossa to bauxite, and causing the same convention for indicating increases whereas Ca 30.7, Mg 26.5, Na 17.9, Si 11, Zn 13.8, Cu 8.7, K 8.6 and P 7.5 decreased, Al 3.04, Fe 2.14, Ti, Cr Al-Fe and Al-Si in the carbonate rocks and in terra-rossa which derived from them, and the strong negative correlation between Ca-Al, Ca-Si and Ca-Ti indicates that Al, Fe, Si and Ti and Ca have originated from different source. The coeffitic correlation dendograms also support this. However, while stable elements ratios (Al/Ti, Al/Th, AI/Zr, Ti/Zr, Ti/Ga, Ti/Nb, Ti/Th, Ga/Nb, Ga/Th, Ga/Zr, Nb/Th, Nb/Zr, Th/Zr) of carbonate rocks, terra-rosas and bauxites of the Çatmakaya area are similar, those of ophiolitic rocks are different. If the elements of bauxites and probable provenance rocks are evaluated all together, the correlation coefficients of Al-Fe,Al-Ti, Al-Ga, Al-Nb, Al-Th, AI-Zr, Ti-Ga, Ti-Nb, Ti-Th, Ti-V, Ti-Zr, Ga-Nb, Ga-Th, Ga-Zr, Nb-Th, Nb-Zr and Th-Zr element pairs show very high positive (>0.95) correlation. In the scatter diagrams of the elements, regression lines pass through the origin and terra-rossas located between the carbonate rocks and bauxites. Based on these data, it can be stated that the source rock of the Çatmakaya bauxite is terra-rossa which is derived from the nearby carbonated rocks.
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    Geological and petrographical features of the Çatmakaya (Seydişehir-Konya) bauxite deposit [Çatmakaya (Seydişehir-Konya) boksit yata?inin jeolojik ve petrografik özellikleri]
    (2003) Karada? M.M.; Temur S.; Arik F.; Öztürk A.
    The upper Cretaceous Katrangedi?i formation comprising carbonaceous rock occurs at the base of the bauxite in the study area, which is located 30 km to the south of Seydişehir and 500 m to the west of the Çatmakaya village. The Upper Cretaceous (Senonian - Maestrichtian) Do?ankuzu formation lies on the bauxite deposited in the karstic openings at the upper part of the Katrangedi?i formatoin. These units are overlain discomformably by the Paleocene Yarpuz formation, the Eoecene A?açtepesi formation, and rocks of the Bozkir Unit (Bozkir melange) replaced to the sudy area by napping. The Çatmakaya bauxite deposit has a lens shape with 50 to 200 m in dimension aligned to NE-SW. The deepest part of the paleo-sinkhole, in which ore was deposited is 10 m and tha average tickness of ore deposit is about 3 m. The Çatmakaya bauxite is boehmitic. Besides boehmite, the one involves little amount of kaolinite, diaspore, hematite, goethite, limonite, pyrite, marcasite, anatase, rutile, quartz, tridymite and calcite in the ore deposit. According to this mineralogical composition, the Çatmakaya bauxite ore does not show important differences from other ore deposits around Seydişehir. Five types of mineralization were identified in the studied ore deposits. These are massive, oolitic - pysolithic, clayey, iron -bearing and brecciated bauxites. Oolitic - pysolitic mineralization occurs everywhere in the ore deposit. Brecciated mineralization are commonly observed near the limestones above and below the ore deposit, while iron-bearing and clayey bauxited intensified at the lower part of the ore deposits. The common presence of boehmite in the ore deposit indicates that the temperature of the environment was over 155°C. The presence of pyrite points the hematite suggests that Eh of the environment was below -0.3 and goethite and psilomelan points that the pH of the environment was higher than 7, respectively.
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    Morphometric analysis of the infraorbital foramen and its localization relative to surgical landmarks
    (Edizioni Minerva Medica, 2014) Tezer M.; Öztürk A.; Gayretli Ö.; Kale A.; Balcio?lu H.; Şahino?lu K.
    Aim: The infraorbital foramen (IOF) is an important anatomic landmark for maxillofacial surgery; therefore, its location should be well documented. In morphometric analyses of the IOF, various methods have been applied and differences have been found among the results of the measurements. The aim of this study was to facilitate localization of the IOF during clinical practice. Methods:. In the current study, in order to perform anatomic and morphometric analyses of the IOF, 112 skulls were used. The shortest distance from each IOF to certain determined points was identified and measured by digital calipers. Results:. The longest and the shortest diameters of the IOF were measured as 4.21±0.91 mm and 3.11±0.62 mm, respectively. The shortest distances between the IOF and the landmarks were measured as follows: the maxillary mid-line (ML) as 28.47±2.49 mm; the supraorbital foramen/supraorbital notch (SOF/SON) as 43.43±3.39 mm; the lower end of the nasomaxillary suture (LENS) as 26.47±3.05 mm; the lower end of the alveolar juga of the canines (LAJC) as 31.62±3.09 mm; the infraorbital margin (IOM) as 6.98±1.72 mm; and the opposite IOF as 56.85±3.89 mm. Conclusion:. Among the landmarks, the most useful ones in clinical practice might be the distances between the IOF and the IOM, IOF and LAJC, and even IOF and ML. SOF/SON and LENS provide more accurate localization when they are used together with the other parameters. Moreover, their importance increases when other parameters are not available for use (because of fractures or damage).
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    Texture segmentation using fractal dimension and second order statistics [Fraktal boyut ve i?kinci sevlye i?statistik yöntemleri i?le doku bölütlemesi]
    (2007) Öztürk A.; Arslan A.
    In this study, segmentation of textured images using four different textural features is examined. The first three features are fractal dimension (FD) of the original image, contrast-stretched image and top-hat transformed image, respectively. Contrast-stretching and top-hat transform are known as detail enhancement techniques in the presence of shading or poor illumination, thus it is assumed that the hidden structures in textures will be apparent after these transformations. The fourth feature, e.g. entropy, is one of the parameters estimated from spatial gray level co-occurence matrix statistics. For comparison purposes, two different feature smoothing methods are applied to the feature space before running k-ortalama clustering. The median smoothing gives more accurate segmentation results than EPNSQ (Edge Preserving Noise Smoothing Quadrant) approach. The experimental results are obtained by applying the proposed method on various natural texture mosaics. For mosaics of four textures the average segmetation accuracies are %96.8 and %96 for median smoothing and EPNSQ approach, respectively. The average segmentation accuracy for five textured mosaics is %95.5 with median smoothing, while it is %89 with EPNSQ approach. The experiments carried out with median smoothing for six and nine textured images give the segmentation accuracies as %94 and %92, while they are %84 and %87 with EPNSQ approach.
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    Texture segmentation with seeded region growing in feature space by integrating boundary information [Sinir bilgisini kullanarak özellik uzayinda bölge büyüme tekni?iyle doku bölütlemesi]
    (2006) Öztürk A.; Arslan A.
    In this study, region-based segmentation of textural images is investigated. For this purpose, the seeded region growing algorithm is used in feature space. In order to make an accurate segmentation, it is crucial to appropriately select the initial seed points as well as to decide where to stop the growing procedure. In the first stage, the boundaries between the textures that will guide the growing process are extracted. Then, the initial seed points are selected according to some intra-region similarity and inter-regional distance criteria in the feature space. At the end of the region growing, the smaller regions are merged according to the boundary information to construct the final segmented image. To discriminate between textures, four different features are used. The first three features are the fractal dimension (FD) of original image, constrast-strecthed image and top-hat transformed image, respectively. The fourth feature is the entropy which is a parameter obtained from the spatial gray-level co-occurence matrix of the image. The experimental results are presented for mosaics with different number of textures. © 2006 IEEE.