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    Amonyak ile Muamele Edi?len Buğday Samanının Si?ndi?ri?lme Derecesi?ni?n Tespi?ti? ve Sığır Besi?si?nde Kullanılma İmkanları
    (Selçuk Üniversitesi, 1992 Ocak) Coşkun, Behiç; Deniz, Suphi; Ayar, Ali; Kadak, Ramazan; Deligözoğlu, Fazıl
    This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of treatment of wheat straw with aqueous ammonia on its digestibility and feed intake and weight gain of beef cattle fed two level of concentrate mixture. About five tones wheat straw stack treated with 40 g aqueous ammonia contains 25 % NH3 per kg straw for 30 days after covering the stack with plastic sheet. The digestibilities of untreated and treated straw was determined with four Merino rams. The digestibilities of dry matter, crude protein, crude fibre, organic matter were 47.74, 58.80, 58.83 and 49.22 % for untreated straw and 49.59, 73.42, 63.35, 52.92 % for treated straw, respectively. In the feeding experiment, 28 bulls were allocated to four groups each of 7 bulls. Two level of concentrate mixture and two straw (treated and untreated) were given with a 2x2 factorial arrangement. The ammonia treatment decreased straw intake. No differences in the live weights gain were found among the groups.
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    GnRH Response Test and Libido Scores in Normal and Low-Quality Sperm Producing Rams
    (BLACKWELL WISSENSCHAFTS-VERLAG GMBH, 1993) Aksoy, Melih; Tekeli, Tevfik; Çoyan, K.; Güven, B.; Özar, S.; Alan, M.; Ayar, Ali
    Testicular tissues are responsible for the androgen synthesis as well as the spermatogenesis. Production rate of androgens is affected by many factors. In addition to the hypothalamo- pituitary control, possibly a local substance, which is released by damaged seminiferous tubules, also plays an important role in androgen production of the Leydig cells (Aoki & Fawcett, 1978). Testosterone synthesis can be stimulated by the injection of exogenous gonadotropins and releasing hormones (Hocherau et al., 1990; Post et al., 1987 a,b). Lunstra & Schanbacher (1988) showed that cryptorchid rams had lower basal testosterone levels and a lesser ability to secrete testosterone in response to exogenous LH. Byers & Glover (1984) investigated the effect of scrotal insulation on hormone levels and pointed out that the mean and basal testosterone levels were significantly reduced after 14 days following scrotal insulation. Veeramachaneni et al. (1986) suggested that azoospermic bulls have lower baseline testosterone levels and testosterone response rates to GnRH injections than nor- mozoospermic bulls. GnRH induced testosterone levels in stallions are used as a diagnostic tool to differentiate cryptorchid and castrated animals (Nachrainer, 1986). Post et al. (1987b) reported that GnRH induced testosterone levels might give a valuable information on the selection of the bulls which are adequate to reproductive potential. The present study was designed to evaluate the GnRH response test results of low quality sperm producing and normozoospermic rams comparatively. Libido tests were also performed to assess the libido level of rams with normal or low sperm output.
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    Kuru ve Sulu Tavuk Kesi?m Tekni?kleri?ni?n Mi?krobi?yoloji?k I?ncelenmesi?
    (Selçuk Üniversitesi, 1989 Ocak) Anıl, Nazif; Tekinşen, O. Cenap; Doğruer, Yusuf; Tufan, Semra; Öğütlü, Necla; Ayar, Ali
    This research was carried out for the microbiological evaluation of poultry slaughtering techniques with dry and wet systems. Chickens slaughtered by both techniques and the scalding water were used as materials. In physical investigations; the contents of waste material were estimated as 0.3137 gr/100 ml in softscalding (HH), 0.1096 gr/100 ml in sub-scalding and 0.1256 gr/100 ml in hard-scalding. In bacteriological examinations; the counts of total viable microorganisms were found to be as average 4.7 x102 per gram in the non-scalded chickens, but no growth was observed among the coliform microorganisms and fecal streptococci. In scalded chickens, the counts of total viable microorganisms were determined as 7.4 x 105 per gram in sample HH, 1.4 x10 per gram in sample VH, 2.2 x 10° per gram in sample KH. In the same samples, the counts of coliform microorganisms were 5.3 x 10', 7.7 x 10, 8.9 x 10 per gram, respectively. The numbers of microflora were higher in scalding water than those of in chicken meat. The counts of total viable microorganisms were 9.0 x 10 per gram in sample HH and 1.3 x 10 per gram in VH, but this level has dropped to 8.6 x 103 per gram in sample KH. In the same samples an intense growth was observed for coliform microorganisms and fecal streptococci, but no proliferation was seen for both microorganisms in sample KH. As a result, it may be decided that the slaughtering techniques with wet system are not hygienic enough and could cause microbiological examination, on the other hand, the dry system can be considered more hygienic, but not suitable for mass production. Therefore, the "vapor- scalding" system which is more hygienic and up-to-date would be highly beneficial for the poultry industry.