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Öğe The effect of pinealectomy and zinc deficiency on nitric oxide levels in rats with induced Toxoplasma gondii infection(E M H SWISS MEDICAL PUBLISHERS LTD, 2004) Baltaci, AK; Mogulkoc, R; Turkoz, Y; Bediz, CS; Ozugurlu, FPrinciples: This study aims at investigating how zinc deficiency and pinealectomy affect nitric oxide levels in rats infected by Toxoplasma gondii. Methods: The study was conducted on a total of 50 adult, male rats of Spraque-Dawley species. The study groups were as follows: General, intact control group (Group I, n = 10), infected control group (Group II, n = 10), infected and zinc-deficient group (Group III, n = 10), infected and pincalectomized group (Group IV, n = 10), infected, zinc-deficient and pinealectomized group (Group V, n = 10). After the experiment the rats were decapitated and levels of zinc, melatonin and total nitrite were identified in the blood samples collected. Results: The total nitrite levels in groups TV and V were more than those in all other groups (p <0.01). The total nitrite levels in Group II were also higher than those in Groups I and III (p <0.01). Plasma zinc levels in the zinc-deficient group and zinc-deficient and pinealectomized group were lower than those in all other groups, while melatonin levels were lower in Infected pinealectomized group (Group IV) and infected, zinc-deficient and pinealectomized group (Group V) than all others (p <0.01). Conclusions: The present study shows that plasma nitric oxide levels increase during Toxoplasma gondii infection, but this increase becomes more apparent in the presence of melatonin deficiency and is inhibited by zinc deficiency.Öğe Effects of maternal deprivation on melatonin production and cognition in adolescent male and female rats(MAGHIRA & MAAS PUBLICATIONS, 2005) Uysal, N; Ozdemir, D; Dayi, A; Yalaz, G; Baltaci, AK; Bediz, CSOBJECTIVES: It is known that maternal deprivation (MD) may alter cognitive functions such as learning and memory in adult life by effecting normal growth and development. However, the mechanisms of these cognitive alterations are unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of maternal deprivation on cognition and melatonin production in adolescent male and female rats. METHODS: The litters were separated daily from their mothers for 6 hours on postnatal days 2 to 20. The spatial memory performance was evaluated using a Morris water maze between the postnatal 26th and 32nd days. Plasma melatonin levels were determined on postnatal days 42. RESULTS: MD-rats had longer escape latencies at the second, third and fifth days of training days and spend significantly less time in probe trial, compared to control animals. MAIN FINDINGS: The repeated maternal deprivation caused low blood melatonin levels and there was a significant negative correlation between blood melatonin levels and spatial memory performance in both of male and female adolescent rats. CONCLUSION: These results suggest an association between melatonin production and neurodevelopment. Further studies are needed to determine the interaction between maternal deprivation and pineal gland maturation/function.Öğe Effects of zinc deficiency and pinealectomy on cellular immunity in rats infected with Toxoplasma gondii(HUMANA PRESS INC, 2005) Baltaci, AK; Mogulkoc, R; Bediz, CS; Pekel, AThe effects of zinc and/or melatonin deficiencies on cellular immunity were investigated in rats infected with Toxoplasma gondii. A total of 50 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups of 10 rats each. In group 1, the rats were infected with T gondii and fed a zinc-deficient diet; in group 11, the rats were infected and their pineal gland was surgically removed. Group III included rats that were infected, pinealectomized, and fed a zinc-deficient diet. Group IV consisted of T gondii-infested rats that received no treatment of any kind, and group V were normal controls. After 3 wk of treatment, all rats were sacrificed and the percentages of CD3, CD4, and CD8 lymphocytes, zinc, and melatonin levels in plasma and the percentage of lymphocyte in blood smears were analyzed. The CD3 ratios of groups I-III were significantly lower than those of groups IV and V (p<0.01). The CD4 lymphocytes were significantly higher in group TV than that in all other groups (p<0.05). In group IV, the CD8 lymphocytes were higher than in groups I-III (p<0.01) and those in group V were higher than for groups I and III (p<0.01). Lymphocyte incidence in group IV was higher than in the other four groups (p<0.01). The plasma zinc and plasma melatonin levels in groups I-III were significantly lower than those in the controls (p<0.01, both cases). These results suggest that zinc and/or melatonin deficiency have a negative influence on cellular immunity in rats with toxoplasmosis.Öğe Opposite effects of zinc and melatonin on thyroid hormones in rats(ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2004) Baltaci, AK; Mogulkoc, R; Kul, A; Bediz, CS; Ugur, AThe present study was conducted to investigate how thyroid function in rats is affected by administration of 3 mg per kg per day of zinc and/or melatonin. The study was conducted with 40 Sprague-Dawley adult male rats equally divided into four groups: 1 (controls), 2 (zinc-only), 3 (melatonin-only) and 4 (zinc- and melatonin-supplemented). The supplementation was continued for 4 weeks after which the animals were sacrificed and plasma samples were obtained for determination of zinc, melatonin, free- and total triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. The free T3, T4 and TSH levels were lower in the melatonin group than in all other groups (P<0.01), while free- and total T3 levels were higher in the zinc group (P<0.01). The group that received zinc and melatonin combined had free thyroid hormone levels higher than the only melatonin group. These results show that melatonin has a thyroid function suppressing action, just the opposite to the actions of zinc. When zinc is administered along with melatonin, its thyroid function suppression is diminished. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Zinc supplementation ameliorates electromagnetic field-induced lipid peroxidation in the rat brain(TOHOKU UNIV MEDICAL PRESS, 2006) Bediz, CS; Baltaci, AK; Mogulkoc, R; Oztekin, EExtremely low-frequency (0-300 Hz) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) generated by power lines, wiring and home appliances are ubiquitous in Our environment. All populations are now exposed to EMF, and exposure to EMF may pose health risks. Some of the adverse health effects of EMF exposure are lipid peroxidation and cell damage in various tissues. This study has investigated the effects of EMF exposure and zinc administration on lipid peroxidation in the rat brain. Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to three groups; they were maintained untreated for 6 months (control, n=8), exposed to low-frequency (50 Hz) EMF for 5 minutes every other day for 6 months (n=8), or exposed to EMF and received Zinc sulfate daily (3 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally (n=8). We measured plasma levels of zinc and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) in erythrocytes. TBARS and GSH levels were also determined in the brain tissues. TBARS levels in the plasma and brain tissues were higher in EMF-exposed rats with or without zinc supplementation, than those in controls (p<0.001). In addition, TBARS levels were significantly lower in the zinc-supplemented rats than those in the EMF-exposed rats (p<0.001). GSH levels were significantly decreased in the brain and erythrocytes of the EMF-exposed rats (p<0.01), and were highest in the zinc-supplemented rats (p<0.001). Plasma zinc was significantly lower in the EMF-exposed rats than those in controls (p<0.001), while it was hi-hest in the zinc-supplemented rats (p<0.001). The present study suggests that long-term exposure to low-frequency EMF increases lipid peroxidation in the brain, which may be ameliorated by Zinc Supplementation.
