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    Physical properties of rapeseed (Brassica napus oleifera L.)
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2005) Calisir, S; Marakoglu, T; Ogut, H; Ozturk, O
    Rapeseeds (Brassica napus oleifera L.) were analyzed for some physical properties. Also, physical properties such as dimensions, length, diameter, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, 1000 seeds mass, bulk density, terminal velocity, projected area and porosity were measured at three moisture content levels (4.70%, 13.14% and 23.96%). The values of length, diameter, mass, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, particular volume, bulk density, terminal velocity, projected area and porosity were established as 2.07 2.29 mm, 1.84-1.99 mm, 0.0040-0.0065 g, 1.91-2.08 mm, 0.93-0.91, 3.96-5.15 mm(3), 612.1-585.1 kgm(-3), 3.16-3.74 ms(-1), 3.71-4.67 mm(2) and 48.2-60.6%, respectively. The coefficient static and dynamic of friction on an iron sheet, a galvanized sheet and plywood were established. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Some nutritional and technological properties of garlic (Allium sativum L.)
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2005) Haciseferogullari, H; Ozcan, M; Demir, F; Calisir, S
    The nutrients and physical properties were measured in developing Allium sativum L. bulbs from Kastamonu (Taskopru) to investigate potential uses. Completely ripe bulbs contained crude protein, crude oil, crude energy, crude fiber, ash, dimethyl sulphite (DMS) and essential oil and minerals including K, P, Mg, Na, Ca, Fe, etc. Crude protein, DMS and essential oil contents were determined as 17.2%, 1779 mu cg/kg and 0.14%, respectively. In addition, K (21,378.84 mg/kg), P (6009.37 mg/kg), Mg (1056.15 mg/kg), Na (532.78 ppm) and Ca (363.61 ppm) were reported such as the major minerals in garlic bulbs. Also, technological properties such as diameter of whole garlic, mass, segment number of whole garlic, length of whole garlic, width, thickness, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, projected area, volume, bulk density, segment density, porosity, terminal velocity and hardness were established. The mean mass, mass weight of 1000 garlic segment, length of segment, diameter of whole garlic, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, projected area, volume, bulk density, porosity and hardness of segments were measured as 32.81 g, 2383.8 g, 27.24 mm, 46.51 mm, 15.15 mm, 0.559,4.54 cm(2), 2245.64 mm(3), 478.75 kg/m(3), 54.16% and 13.78 N, respectively. Also, static and dynamic coefficient of friction for garlic segments were established on a galvanized sheet, an iron sheet and plywood. These values for static and dynamic coefficient were found as 0.416-0.352; 0.472-0.406 and 0.541-0.481, respectively. The physical properties of equipment used must be know for planting, harvesting, transportation, storage and other processing. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Some nutritional and technological properties of wild plum (Prunus spp.) fruits in Turkey
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2005) Calisir, S; Haciseferogullari, H; Ozcan, M; Arslan, D
    Nutritional and technological properties for the design of fruit processing machines were determined for wild plum fruit, at a moisture content of 20.65% (d.b.). The moisture, ash, crude protein, crude oil, crude fibre, pH, acidity, water soluble-extract and mineral contents of completely ripe fruits were investigated. Mineral content of wild plum growing in Turkey were determined by an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES). All materials contained high amounts of K (9879.57 mg/kg), Ca (920.82 mg/kg), Mg (916.68 mg/kg), P (659.15 mg/kg), S (122.69 mg/kg), Na (40.46 mg/kg) and Fe (30.1 mg/kg). Also, technological properties such as length and diameter of fruit, unit mass, volume of fruit, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, bulk density, fruit density, porosity, projected area, terminal velocity kernel and pulp mass, static and dynamic coefficient of friction were measured at 20.65% moisture content. The values of length, mass, diameter, geometric mean diameter and sphericity of wild plum fruit were established as 28.14 mm, 15.33 g, 30.16 mm, 29.47 mm and 1.04, respectively. In the same moisture content, projected area, volume, kernel and pulp mass, bulk density, fruit density, porosity, terminal velocity, fruit hardness, static friction and dynamic friction coefficients were determined as 8.96 cm(2), 17.02 cm(3), 1.60 g, 15.66 g, 515.12 kg/m(3), 1057.99 kg/m(3), 50.20%, 16.19 m/s, 7.8 N, 0.449-0.625 and 0.381-0.519, respectively. This work attempts to allocate the knowledge deficit on the nutritional properties of these plants. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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    Some physico-mechanic properties of cherry laurel (Prunus lauracerasus L.) fruits
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2004) Calisir, S; Aydin, C
    Physical properties of cherry laurel fruits were evaluated as a function of moisture content. The average length, width, thickness, the geometric mean diameter, unit mass and Volume of cherry laurel fruits were 13.05, 14.10, 11.26, 12.71 mm, 0.95 g and 1.10 cm(3) respectively. In the moisture range from 9.0% to 77.5% wb, studies on re-wetted cherry laurel fruit showed that the bulk density increased from 450 to 615 kg/m(3), true density increased from 950 to 1050 kg/m(3), porosity decreased from 52.63% to 42.38%, projected area increased from 1.63 to 4.03 cm(2), and terminal velocity increased from 6.4 to 8.2 m/s. The rupture strength of cherry laurel fruits decreased with increasing moisture content. In the same moisture range 9.0-77.5% wb, the static and dynamic coefficient of friction varied from 0.16 to 0.48 for fruits over different material surfaces. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    A study on some physico-chemical properties of Turkey okra (Hibiscus esculenta L.) seeds
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2005) Calisir, S; Ozcan, M; Haciseferogullari, H; Yildiz, MU
    Chemical and physical properties of mature okra (Hibiscus esculentus L.) seeds from Mersin (Buyukeceli Gulnar) in Turkey were evaluated. The chemical properties evaluated were moisture, crude protein, crude oil, crude ash, crude fiber, crude energy, water-soluble extract, ether-soluble extract and non-soluble HCl acid ash. The physical properties were evaluated at three moisture content levels of 6.35%., 9.87% and 15.22% d.b. In this moisture range, seed length, width, thickness, mass and geometric diameter increased from 5.178 to 5.507 mm, 4.786 to 4.960 mm, 4-121 to 4.362 mm, 0.059 to 0.067 g and 4.665 to 4.913 mm, respectively: the seed porosity volume projected area and terminal velocity increased from 48.92% to 52.08%, 47.38 to 54.68 mm(3) , 0.225 to 0.333 cm(2) and 5.20 to 5.68 ms(-1), respectively: bulk density decreased from 636.10 to 577.99 kg m(-3) : the sphericity decreased from 0.905 to 0.897. The coefficient of static friction on iron and galvanized iron sheets increased with increasiniz moisture content. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.