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Öğe HPLC-MS/MS chemical characterization and biological properties of Origanum onites extracts: a recent insight(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2019) Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Zengin, Gökhan; Aladağ, Mustafa Onur; Özparlak, Haluk; Diuzheva, Alina; Jeko, Jozsef; Cziaky, Zoltan; Aumeeruddy, Muhammad ZakariyyahThis study investigated into the phytochemical profile and biological properties of extracts (methanol and aqueous) of Origanum onites based on the antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, and antibacterial activities. The aqueous extract exhibited higher antioxidant activities in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2 '-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity, phosphomolybdenum, and metal chelating assays, compared to the methanol extract. In contrast, the methanol extract was the most effective inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, alpha-amylase, and alpha-glucosidase. The methanol extract also showed higher antibacterial activity with highest inhibition against Escherichia coli (MIC = 6.25 mg/mL). The total phenolic content was higher in the aqueous extract while the methanol extract possessed higher total flavonoid content. A total of 28 and 18 compounds (belonging to polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, and ester classes) were identified from the methanol and water extracts, respectively. These findings suggest that O. onites could be helpful in the management of oxidative stress-associated diseases including diabetes and neurodegenerative complications.Öğe HPLC-MS/MS-based metabolic profiling and pharmacological properties of extracts and infusion obtained from Amelanchier parviflora var. dentata(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2018) Zengin, Gökhan; Diuzheva, Alina; Jeko, Jozsef; Cziaky, Zoltan; Bulut, Gizem; Doğan, Ahmet; Haznedaroğlu, Mehmet ZekiArnelanchierparviflora var. dentata is an endemic medicinal plant traditionally consumed to treat stomach pain, cardiovascular diseases, and urinary tract infections in Turkey's folk medicine. Although Amelanchier genus is an excellent source of phytochemicals with a panoply of biological activities, no report has been made available on Amelanchier parviflora var. dentata. Thus, the metabolic profiles of methanol, ethyl acetate, and water extracts were obtained using HPLC-MS/MS. Besides, the pharmacological properties such as antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibition effects against acetyl/butyrylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, alpha-amylase, and alpha-glucosidase were evaluated. In total, 62, 38, and 16 metabolites were Identified from the methanolic, water, and ethyl acetate extracts, respectively. The identified metabolites belong to anthocyanins, phenolic acids, and flavonoids. The tested extracts exhibited different enzyme inhibitory activity against cholinesterases (acetylcholinesterase: 0.52-2.47 mg GEs/g extract and butyrylcholinesterase: 0.47-3.59 mg GEs/g extract), tyrosinase (19,0-145.54 mg KAEs/g extract), alpha-amylase (0.23-1.10 mmol ACEs/g extract), and alpha-glucosidase (8.89-9.92 mmol ACEs/ g extract). Evidence from the present study supports the necessity for more research in an endeavor to discover biologically active secondary metabolites from A. parviflora to manage specific ailments.Öğe Investigation of chemical profile, biological properties of Lotus corniculatus L. extracts and their apoptotic-autophagic effects on breast cancer cells(ELSEVIER, 2019) Yerlikaya, Şerife; Baloğlu, Mehmet Cengiz; Diuzheva, Alina; Jeko, Jozsef; Cziaky, Zoltan; Zengin, GökhanThis study aimed to reveal chemical profiles and biological activities of ethyl acetate (EA), methanol (MeOH), and water extracts of Lotus corniculatus. Ethnobotanical reports have indicated the importance of phytochemical properties of the genus Lotus. In this study, the effects of medicinal plant extracts on antioxidant (DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, FRAP, phosphomolybdenum, and metal chelating assays), enzyme inhibitory (on cholinesterase, tyrosinase, a-amylase and a-glucosidase), DNA protection and anticancer properties (including anti-proliferative, cell death and telomerase activity marker gene analysis, apoptotic DNA fragmentation analysis, cell migration test) were evaluated. According to chemical analysis, quercetin derivatives geraldol, isorhamnetin and kaempferol-O-coumaroylhexoside-O-deoxyhexoside isomers were dominant in the extracts. MeOH extracts showed the highest total flavonoids capacity with 21.13 mg RE/g. EA extract showed the strongest anti-amylase activity among the tested extracts. Water extract had the most protective activity against plasmid DNA. To indicate cell survival, MIT test was performed against human MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Half-maximal inhibitory concentration for cells were calculated and used for detection of mechanisms behind the cancer cell death. EA extract showed up-regulation of Bax proapoptotic gene and apoptotic DNA fragmentation activity on highly invasive MDA-MB-231 cells. Beclin-1 and LC3-II autophagy genes were higly expressed after treatment of MCF-7 cells with EA extracts. EA and MeOH extracts inhibited cell migration ability of both cancer cells. Linoleamide, was dominant component in EA extract and caused apoptosis on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells via increasing intranuclear Ca2+. The detailed mechanism behind the anticancer properties should be further investigated. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Metabolomic profile of Salvia viridis L. root extracts using HPLC-MS/MS technique and their pharmacological properties: A comparative study(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2019) Zengin, Gökhan; Mahomoodally, Fawzi; Picot-Allain, Carene; Diuzheva, Alina; Jeko, Jozsef; Cziaky, Zoltan; Cvetanovic, Aleksandra; Aktümsek, Abdurrahman; Zeković, Zoran; Rengasamy, Kannan R.R.Several Salvia species have received due scientific attention regarding their therapeutic virtues, yet little is known about the pharmacological potential of Salvia viridis L. roots. This study, therefore, attempts to explore the phytochemical composition, enzyme inhibitory potential, and antioxidant activities of S. viridis ethanolic root extracts obtained by different extraction methods, namely microwave-assisted extraction, maceration, supercritical fluid extraction, Soxhlet extraction, and ultrasonic assisted extraction. The extract produced by ultrasonic assisted extraction possessed the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents (111.41 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract and 23.46 mg rutin equivalent/g extract). S. viridis ethanolic root extract obtained by ultrasonic assisted extraction showed highest radical scavenging (240.00 and 302.85 mg Trolox equivalent TE/g for DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid) assays, respectively) and reducing (970.74, 704.27 mg TE/g, and 2.84 mmol TE/g for CUPRAC (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity), FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power), and phosphomolybdenum assays, respectively) activities. Chemical profiles of these extracts were investigated by HPLC MS/MS, and the profiles (23 components) of the supercritical fluid extract was different from other extraction techniques. The study reports for the first time, the inhibitory action of ethanolic root extract of S. viridis on key enzymes related to Alzheimer's disease (acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase), diabetes (a-amylase, a-glucosidase), and skin hyperpigmentation disorders (tyrosinase). Data generated from this study appraises the multiple biological activities of plants belonging to the Salvia genus. Scientific evidence gathered in this study support further investigations which might lead to the development of new pharmaceutical entities for the management of diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and skin hyperpigmentation conditions.Öğe Multiple biological activities of two Onosma species (O. sericea and O. stenoloba) and HPLC-MS/MS characterization of their phytochemical composition(ELSEVIER, 2020) Stankovic, Jelena S. Katanic; Ceylan, Ramazan; Zengin, Gökhan; Matic, Sanja; Juric, Tatjana; Diuzheva, Alina; Jeko, Jozsef; Cziaky, Zoltan; Aktümsek, AbdurrahmanMembers of the Onosma genus are widely used in folk medicine and they have great interest in the pharmaceutical industry. In this study, phytochemical characterization, antioxidant activity (2,2-dipheny1-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CIJPRAC), metal chelation, and phosphomolybdenum assays), enzyme inhibition (acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, and tyrosinase), antimicrobial activity (microdilution method), genotoxic and antigenotoxic (by using Drosophila melanogaster larvae and Comet assay) potentials of Onosma sericea Willd. and Onosma stenoloba Hausskn. ex Riedl. were investigated. Additionally, the bioactive compounds were identified by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) analysis. Generally, O. sericea showed stronger antioxidant activity, while O. stenoloba extract exhibited stronger enzyme inhibitory abilities (cholinesterases and alpha-amylase). The protective effects of extracts, at the concentration range from 25 to 400 mu g/mL, against hydroxyl radical-induced DNA damage were dose-dependent, increasing with a higher dosage. The extracts at the highest concentration (80 mg/mL) showed the absence of genotoxicity in vivo. Antigenotoxic effects were evident after treatment with both extracts, with a percentage reduction of over 80 %. Overall antimicrobial activity of studied extracts was weak, with the lowest minimal inhibitory concentration values (MIC) of 2.5 mg/mL. Taken together, obtained results showed that tested Onosma species can be considered as promising sources of bioactive phytochemicals for pharmacological purposes.Öğe New insights into the chemical profiling, cytotoxicity and bioactivity of four Bunion species(ELSEVIER, 2019) Zengin, Gökhan; Paksoy, Mehmet Yavuz; Aumeeruddy, Muhammad Zakariyyah; Glamocilja, Jasmina; Sokovic, Marina; Diuzheva, Alina; Jeko, Jozsef; Cziáky, Zoltán; Rodrigues, Maria João; Custodio, Luisa; Mahomoodally, Mohamad FawziBunium species have been reported to be used both as food and in traditional medicines. The scientific community has attempted to probe into the pharmacological and chemical profiles of this genus. Nonetheless, many species have not been investigated fully to date. In this study, we determined the phenolic components, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory activities of aerial parts of four Bunium species (B. sayai, B. pinnatifolium, B. brachyactis and B. macrocatpum). Results showed that B. microcarpum and B. pinnatifolium were strong antioxidants as evidenced in the DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, and FRAP assays. B. brachyactis was the most effective metal chelator, and displayed high enzyme inhibition against cholinesterase, tyrosinase, amylase, glucosidase, and lipase. The four species showed varied antimicrobial activity against each microorganism. Overall, they showed high activity against P. mirabilis and E. call (MIC and MBC < 1 mg(-1)). B. brachyactis was more effective against Aspergillus versicolor compared to the standard drug ketoconazole. B. brachyactis was also more effective than both ketoconazole and bifonazole against Trichoderma viride. B. sayai was more effective than ketoconazole in inhibiting A. fumigates. B. sayai was most non-toxic to HEK 293 (cellular viability = 117%) and HepG2 (cellular viability = 104%). The highest level of TPC was observed in B. pinnatifolium (35.94 mg GAE g(-1)) while B. microcarpum possessed the highest TFC (39.21 mg RE g(-1)). Seventy four compounds were detected in B. microcarpum, 70 in B. brachyactis, 66 in B. sayai, and 51 in B. pinnatifolium. Quinic acid, chlorogenic acid, pantothenic acid, esculin, isoquercitrin, rutin, apigenin, and scopoletin were present in all the four species. This study showed that the four Bunium species are good sources of biologically active compounds with pharmaceutical and nutraceutical potential.Öğe Phytochemical characterization and bioactivities of five Apiaceae species: Natural sources for novel ingredients(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2019) Zengin, Gökhan; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Paksoy, Mehmet Yavuz; Picot-Allain, Carene; Glamocilja, Jasmina; Sokovic, Marina; Diuzheva, Alina; Jeko, Jozsef; Cziáky, Zoltán; Rodrigues, Maria João; Sinan, Kouadio Ibrahime; Custodio, LuisaSeveral species of the Apiaceae family have been employed in traditional cultures for their curative virtues. The present study focused on five Apiaceae species, (Falcaria vulgaris (FV), Smyrniopsis aucher( (SA), Smyrniopsis mtutzurdagensis (SM), Smyrnium cordifolium (SC), and Actinolema macrolema (AM)). The antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory (alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase, lipase, and tyrosinase), antimicrobial, phytochemical, and cytotoxicity profiles of the methanol extracts of the selected Apiaceae species were determined. SC extract (35.68 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract) possessed the highest phenolic content while the AM extract (56.79 mg rutin equivalent/g extract) had the highest flavonoid content. HPLC-ESI-MS (High performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry) analyses showed presence of ferulic acid in all the five species. SC extract exhibited high radical scavenging (59.28 and 94.31 mg Trolox equivalent [TE]/g extract, DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid), respectively) and reducing activity (161.44 and 113.62 mg TE/g extract, for CUPRAC (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity) and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power), respectively). SM extract exhibited the highest cholinesterase's inhibitory action (3.82 and 4.76 mg galantamine equivalent/g extract, for acetyland butyrylcholinesterase, respectively). The extracts showed higher inhibition against alpha-glucosidase (7.32-11.99 mmol acarbose equivalent [ACAE]/g extract) compared to alpha-amylase (0.51-0.55 mmol ACAE/g extract). SC extract was the most active (137.54 mg kojic acid equivalent/g extract) tyrosinase inhibitor and FV extract (113.75 mg Orlistat equivalent/g) the best lipase inhibitor. SM extract showed potent antibacterial effect against B. cereus (MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) 0.180 mg/mL), P. mirabilis (MIC 0.180 mg/mL), M. flavus (MIC 0.560 mg/mL), P. aeruginosa (MIC 0.275 mg/mL), and S. typhimurium (MIC 1.500 mg/mL). FV extract (MIC 0.140 mg/mL) suppressed A. fumigates growth. Cytotoxicity was assessed on murine macrophage (RAW 264.7), human embryonic kidney (HEK 293), and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines. FV (60.3%) and SM (57.4%) showed the highest reduction on RAW 264.7 cellular viability, whereas SM (74.1%) showed toxicity against HepG2. This study supports that the Apiaceae species could be considered as promising candidates for the development of novel pharmacophores for the management of several human ailments.Öğe Qualitative Chemical Characterization and Multidirectional Biological Investigation of Leaves and Bark Extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC.) Guill. & Perr. (Combretaceae)(MDPI, 2019) Orlando, Giustino; Ferrante, Claudio; Zengin, Gökhan; Sinan, Kouadio Ibrahime; Bene, Kouadio; Diuzheva, Alina; Jeko, Jozsef; Cziáky, Zoltán; Di Simone, Simonetta; Recinella, Lucia; Chiavaroli, Annalisa; Leone, Sheila; Brunetti, Luigi; Picot-Allain, Carene Marie Nancy; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Menghini, LuigiAnogeissus leiocarpus (DC.) Guill. & Perr. (Combretaceae) has a long history of use by folk populations for the management of multiple human ailments. Based on the published literature, there has been no attempt to conduct a comparative assessment of the biological activity and the phytochemical profiles of the leaves and stem bark of A. leiocarpus extracted using methanol, ethyl acetate, and water. By high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-ESI-MSn) analysis, quinic, shikimic, gallic, and protocatechuic acids were tentatively identified from all the extracts, while chlorogenic, caffeic, ferulic, and dodecanedioic acids were only characterised from the leaves extracts. Additionally, a pharmacological study was carried out to evaluate potential protective effects that are induced by the extracts in rat colon and colon cancer HCT116 cell line. In general, the methanol and water extracts of A. leiocarpus leaves and stem bark showed potent radical scavenging and reducing properties. It was noted that the stem bark extracts were more potent antioxidants as compared to the leaves extracts. The methanol extract of A. leiocarpus leaves showed the highest acetyl (4.68 mg galantamine equivalent/g) and butyryl (4.0 mg galantamine equivalent/g) cholinesterase inhibition. Among ethyl acetate extracts, the pharmacological investigation suggested stem bark ethyl acetate extracts to be the most promising. This extract revealed ability to protect rat colon from lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress, without exerting promoting effects on HCT116 cell line viability and migration. As a conclusion, A. leiocarpus represents a potential source of bioactive compounds in the development of novel therapeutic agents.Öğe Qualitative fingerprint analysis and multidirectional assessment of different crude extracts and essential oil from wild Artemisia santonicum L.(MDPI, 2019) Ferrante, Claudio; Zengin, Gökhan; Menghini, Luigi; Diuzheva, Alina; Jeko, Jozsef; Cziaky, Zoltan; Recinella, Lucia; Chiavaroli, Annalisa; Leone, Sheila; Brunetti, Luigi; Lobine, Devina; Şenkardeş, İsmail; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Orlando, GiustinoArtemisia species are used as folk medicines in several countries. This work was aimed to shed more light on the effect of methanol, water, ethyl acetate extracts, and essential oil (EO) of A. santonicum on selected enzymes (cholinesterase, tyrosinase alpha-amylase, and alpha-glucosidase) as well of their antioxidant and pharmacological effects. The chemical profile of the essential oil was determined using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, while the extracts were chemically characterized by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). Forty-nine constituents were identified and camphor (36.6%), 1,8-cineole (10.2%), alpha-thujone (10.1%), borneol (4.5%), and beta-thujone (3.6%) were the major components. Overall, 45, 74, and 67 components were identified from the ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts, respectively. The EO and extracts showed significant antioxidant properties, in a cell-free model; particularly, methanol and water extracts revealed promising sources of antioxidant compounds. Additionally, we evaluated protective effects of EO and extracts in isolated rat colon tissue challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as an ex vivo model of colon inflammation, and human colon cancer HCT116 cell line. Particularly, we observed that, among all tested samples, A. santonicum ethyl acetate displayed the best pharmacological profile, being able to blunt LPS-induced levels of all tested biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress, including colon nitrites, lactate dehydrogenase, prostaglandin E-2, and serotonin. Additionally, this extract was also able to reduce HCT116 cell viability, thus suggesting potential antiproliferative effects against colon cancer cells. Based on our results, A. santonicum has great potential for developing novel functional agents including pharmaceuticals, cosmeceuticals, and nutraceuticals.
