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Öğe Effect of egg weight on chick weight, egg weight loss and hatchability in rock partridges (A-graeca)(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2009) Caglayan, Tamer; Garip, Mustafa; Kirikci, Kemal; Gunlu, AytekinThis study was conducted to determine the effect of egg weight on chick weight, egg weight loss and hatchability in partridges. Eggs (847) obtained from rock partridges (44-46 weeks ages) were classified according to their weights as <18 g, 18.00-18.99 g, 19.00-19.99 g, 20.00-20.99 g, 21.00-21.99 g, 22.00-22.99 g and >= 23 g and incubated. A positive, powerful and important correlation (0.46 and 0.82 values) between egg weight and egg weight loss and chick weight in different groups was determined (P<0.001) in the study. The differences between hatchability and fertility in the egg groups were significant (P<0.05), but no differences were detected between hatchability of fertile eggs and embryonic mortalities. In conclusion, smaller and bigger eggs of partridges had low fertility while hatchability was disproportionately reduced in eggs that had lost less mass during incubation.Öğe The factors affecting profitability in layer hen enterprises in southern west region of Turkey(WFL PUBL, 2008) Cicek, Hasan; Gunlu, Aytekin; Tandogan, MuratThis study was conducted to determine the technical and economic factors affecting profitability in layer hen enterprises in Afyonkarahisar in Turkey. As a research material 82 layer hen enterprises data obtained by questionnaire belonging to 2005 production season was used. Mortality rate, FCR (produced egg quantity/consumed feed quantity), egg yield (%) and egg production (number/laying hen) were calculated for 444 days production period as 11.9%, 2.32 kg, 72.73% and 323 number/laying hens, respectively. Cost factors included in the total cost were: pullet 15.10%, feed 71.02%, labor 2.61%, vets and meds 1.20%, amortization and repair 2.04% and other cost factors 8.03%. Financial profitability was in large-scale enterprises 19.08, in medium scale enterprises 4.95 and in small-scale enterprises -1.29, profitability factor ratio was 13.43, 3.89 and -0.69 and O/I ratio 1.09, 1.00 and 0.95, respectively.Öğe Financial losses due to lameness in dairy herds in Burdur, Kirklareli and Konya Provinces Turkey(ANKARA UNIV PRESS, 2010) Yalcin, Cengiz; Sariozkan, Savas; Yildiz, Ahmet Sener; Gunlu, AytekinThe objective of the study was to estimate the lameness induced total and avoidable financial losses in modern dairy herds. For this purpose, a prospective longitudinal observation study was carried out in 87 randomly selected dairy herds from 1684 Turkish Dairy Breeding Association (TDBA) herds in Burdur, Konya and Kirklareli provinces between October 2003 and September 2004. The incidence rate of lameness in Burdur, Kirklareli and Konya provinces and weighted average of all were 13.7%; 13.4%, 5.6% and 10.2% respectively. The target incidence rate was calculated to be 6.6%. Financial losses from each cases of lameness were estimated as 271TL/case for mild cases (interdigital dermatitis), 343TL/case for intermediate cases (digital diseases), 509TL/case for the severe cases (sole ulcer) and 382TL/case for the weighted mean of all the disease forms. The mean financial loss for the average dairy enterprise was estimated to be 865TL of which 589TL (68%) was the avoidable losses. The study concluded that lameness causes severe financial losses in dairy herds. However, majority of these losses can be avoided by the dairy farmers.Öğe Fish consumption preferences and factors influencing it(SOC BRASILEIRA CIENCIA TECNOLOGIA ALIMENTOS, 2015) Can, Mehmet Ferit; Gunlu, Aytekin; Can, Hayriye YesimFish consumption preferences are affected by individuals' socioeconomic characteristics. The aims of the present paper were (i) to obtain information on fish consumption level and frequency; (ii) to investigate the associations between the socioeconomic characteristics of consumers and their preferences; and (iii) to examine the influence of determinants on fish consumption. Data were gathered through a questionnaire completed by a total of 127 randomly selected individuals from different socioeconomic backgrounds from the Antakya, Turkey. The average consumption was found to be 2.98 kg/person/year for fish. Anchovies, gilt-head sea bream, and sea bass were reported as the most consumed three species, respectively. Significant differences in fish consumption were found among age groups, gender groups, and education groups, as well as between marital statuses. A majority of the consumers eat fish once a month throughout the year or only during the winter months. Fish consumption level and frequency were significantly positively correlated with education (p<0.01), income (p<0.05) and total meat consumption (p<0.01). The stepwise multiple regression model explained 41.7% (p<0.01) of the total variance for fish consumption. The amount and frequency of the consumption in the region, which is very far below the world and Turkey average especially for lower socioeconomic groups and for less-consumed fish species, can be increased by certain policies, such as training, advertising and different marketing strategies. Moreover, consumption should be distributed equally throughout the year instead of consuming only in certain seasons.Öğe An investigation of firm concentration rate of dairy industry in raw milk marketing: A case study of Burdur province(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2011) Gunlu, AytekinIn this study, an investigation is conducted on the firm concentration ratios of dairy industry in raw milk marketing, which is an important product due to its place in both nutrition and total rural production in Turkey. For this purpose, a field study is conducted in Burdur province, which has shown considerable improvements in milk production of Turkey in recent years. During this study, the quantities of the milk purchased by 19 dairy industry procuring raw milk from 175 cooperatives (72 irrigation cooperatives, 97 agricultural development cooperatives and 6 marketing cooperatives) has been examined. Based upon the data collected, CR4, CR8, CCI, H and Entropy index values, which quantitatively determine the firm concentrations, have been calculated on the basis of the obtained data. During the study these values have been determined as 78.54%; 92.11%; 0.6033; 0.2193 and 0.2341 respectively. As a result of the investigation, it has been determined that the company concentration level in raw milk marketing in Burdur province is high, in other words, the characteristics of the existing structure is considerably close to those of an oligopson market. It is noticed that, measures including structural change must be taken for development of dairy cattle farming, for sustainability of the production, for integration of production industry and for creation of competitive environment in the sector and unless this is realized, it shall not be possible to find permanent and rational solutions to the problems of the sector.Öğe Optimal input usage in layer hen enterprises in Afyonkarahisar province(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2009) Cicek, Hasan; Gunlu, Aytekin; Tandogan, MuratThe present study was conducted to determine the precautions which can be taken to increase the degree of efficiency and productivity of input usage in layer hen enterprises in Afyonkarahisar Province. The material for the study was obtained from the data gathered through questionnaires in 82 enterprises in the year 2005. Cobb-Douglas production function was used in the productivity analysis and a multiple regression model was developed for this purpose. According to the estimation results of the model, a yield increase relative to scale was determined in the enterprises (1.046). For each of the input factors, the marginal value productivity was calculated as 1.16 TL for egg-type pullet 0.92 TL for feed, -1.41 TL for labor cost, -5.58 TL in veterinary-health and 2.96 TL for other expenditures. In conclusion, in this research study which was implemented in Afyonkarahisar Province, it was determined that, although there was an important difference in productivity among the enterprises, the production of feed and egg-type pullet breeding in the same enterprise increased the productivity. Moreover, it is concluded that, with a strong and healthy finance, in case of getting adequate support both in the period of production and input procurement, the enterprises would behave more efficiently in resource utilization.Öğe Producer profiles, production characteristics and mastitis control applications at dairy herds in Konya, Burdur and Kirklareli provinces, Turkey(ANKARA UNIV PRESS, 2010) Yalcin, Cengiz; Yildiz, Ahmet Sener; Sariozkan, Savas; Gunlu, AytekinIn order to investigate the producer & production characteristics and disease control applications at Turkish dairy herds, an interview survey was carried out in randomly selected 91 dairy herds out of 1684 Turkish Dairy Breeding Association herds in Burdur, Kirklareli and Konya provinces in July 2004. The study depicted that percentages of producers having education level higher than primary school, and not having any job training relate to dairy farming were 21% and 79% respectively. The majority of the producers did not follow innovations (46%) and, was not aware of somatic cell counts and subclinical mastitis (93-97%), and the European Union's regulations related to dairy farming (76%). Amongst the producers interviewed, 13% used antiseptic when cleaning udder and 37% dried udder after washing. The percentage of producers using post milking teat dip, dry cow therapy, vaccination against mastitis, California Mastitis Test (CMT), and regularly keeping records for clinical cases were 18%, 62%, 29%, 15% and 20% respectively. The findings differed amongst the provinces and between the herd sizes. For majority of the questions the differences amongst the provinces were found to be significant at p<0.05. However, the statistical associations between the herd size were not statistically significant at, p<0.05. The study concluded that the producers in general, applied well-known methods for treatment and control of mastitis, but had lack in knowledge related to basic rules of hygiene applications and disease preventions. These problems are likely to have strong links with the level of formal education and job training of the producers. These findings emphasise that improvements in education and job training of the dairy farmers are as important as the efforts to improve farm size during the process of Turkey's integration to the European Union.Öğe Production Function Analysis of Buffalo Fattening Enterprises in Afyonkarahisar Region of Turkey(MEDWELL ONLINE, 2009) Cicek, Hasan; Gunlu, Aytekin; Tandogan, MuratGeneral characteristics of buffalo fattening in Afyonkarahisar Region of Turkey and resource usage efficiency level were determined by using Cobb-Douglas type production geometric means of 2005-2006. A total of 31 enterprises selected randomly were used. The expenditure distributions of buffalo fattening enterprises were calculated for the buffalo bull, feed, labour, veterinary medicine and drug cost and miscellaneous as 42.19, 27.26, 21.57, 2.63 and 6.36%, respectively. Average daily rough feed consumption (kg daily(-1)), average daily concentrated feed consumption (kg daily(-1)), total feed consumption (kg daily(-1)), feed conversation ratio, fattening period (day), average buffalo number and capacity usage percentage (%) were determined as 4.31, 8.08, 12.39, 10.99, 178.2, 10.45 and 39.92, respectively. The marginal value productivity of input factors for buffalo bulls, feed, labour, veterinary medicine and drug cost and miscellaneous cost were 1.403, 1.364, 0.015, 4.403 and -3.112, respectively. Return to scale in buffalo fattening enterprises in the research area was 1.02. The Cobb-Douglas production model results revealed a high possibility to increase factor-productivity and total economic of buffalo fattening enterprises. For this aim, effective technical and economical reorganization and education are needed.Öğe A study on determination of factors affecting profits with quantitative models in commercial egg production(ANKARA UNIV PRESS, 2009) Cicek, Hasan; Gunlu, Aytekin; Tandogan, MuratIn present study, it was aimed to demonstrate the use of profit function regression model as a decision Support tool in commercial egg production. According to the estimated model results all independent variables in the equation have important effects on the profit (Y) per kg eggs (p < 0.05). It was concluded that a 1 TL increase in pullet, feed, labour, veterinary medicine and other cost as well as 1 unit increase in feed conversion rate (FCR) and mortality decreased the profit per egg. On the other hand, a 1 TL increase in egg sale price and 1 unit increase in egg yield increased the profit per unit. Production period had no effect oil profit per egg. In this context, in addition to the estimation of the expected results of profit function regression model ill commercial egg production, it was determined that this function could be used as a decision support tool in conditions where a change seen in price and costs.
