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Alcoholic extract of Tarantula cubensis induces apoptosis in MCF-7 cell line.
(ALLIED ACAD, 2017) Er, Ayse; Corum, Orhan; Corum, Duygu; Hitit, Mustafa; Donmez, Huseyin; Guzeloglu, Aydin
Tarantula cubensis Alcoholic Extract (TCAE) is a homeopathic agent used for treating many disorders. This study aimed to define the effects of TCAE on the breast carcinoma cell line (MCF-7). After various concentrations (10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 mu l/ml) of TCAE were applied to MCF-7 cells and the human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK293), the cells were incubated for 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 and 48 h, followed by analysis by MTT assays. According to the results of the MTT assays, cells treated with 20 or 40 mu l/ml TCAE for 6 h were applied to apoptosis analysis by flow cytometry. Secreted levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, IL-10, Interferon-gamma (IFN gamma), Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF beta), and Nuclear Factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) were measured using ELISAs. TNF alpha and TGF beta levels increased while IL-6 and IL-10 levels fluctuated in MCF-7 cells. In conclusion, our study suggests that TCAE may change the normal cancer physiology and lead to cell death by activating apoptosis in MCF-7 cells.
Comparison of five different rna isolation methods from equine endometrium for gene transcription analysis
(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2010) Kurar, Ercan; Atli, Mehmet Osman; Guzeloglu, Aydin; Ozsensoy, Yusuf; Semacan, Ahmet
In this study, five different isolation protocols to extract total RNA from biopsies of equine endometrium were compared in terms of quality and quantity of RNA samples with respect to downstream gene transcription analysis, such as Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Three phenol-chloroform based protocols (TRIzol, TRItidy, EZ-RNA) and two column based protocols (UltraClean (TM) and E.Z.N.A.(R)) that were commercially available were used. Each protocol yielded good quality total RNA and distinct 28S and 18S rRNA bands were observed in agarose gel electrophoreses. Amount of total RNA isolated was lower for EZ-RNA protocol. Column based protocols had RNA contaminated with great amount of genomic DNA, however, DNAse-I digestion was able to fully clean the DNA contamination from RNA in all the protocols used. Following cDNA synthesis and PCR, GAPDH, a housekeeping gene, bands were amplified from all the samples. In conclusion, all the protocols used extracted good quality but different amounts of total RNA and it is strongly recommended that RNA samples must undergo DNAse-I digestion before RT-PCR to eliminate gDNA contamination..
Conception rate following timed artificial insemination protocols in dairy heifers synchronised by PGF2? and GnRH
(ANKARA UNIV PRESS, 2011) Tasdemir, Umut; Yilmazbas-Mecitoglu, Gulnaz; Keskin, Abdulkadir; Karakaya, Ebru; Celik, Yakup; Guzeloglu, Aydin; Gumen, Ahmet
This study aimed to develop a timed artificial insemination (TAI) protocol using PGF2? and GnRH with acceptable pregnancy rate in dairy heifers. Dairy heifers (n=290), aged between 13 and 26 months (mean 16.1 months), were used in this study. Heifers were synchronized with two PGF(2 alpha) administrations by 14 d intervals. After the second PGF(2 alpha), heifers were randomly assigned into two groups. In Group 1 (n=155), GnRH was given at 56h following 2nd PGF(2 alpha) and TAI was performed at 16-18h after the GnRH. In Group 2 (n=135), GnRH was administered at 72h after 2nd PGF(2 alpha), at the time of TAI. Ultrasonography was performed at both PGF(2 alpha) administrations to determine cyclicity, at the time of TAI to measure ovulatory follicle size, 7 d after TAI to determine ovulation, 31 and 62 d post-AI to determine pregnancy. Ovulatory follicle size at the time of TAI was not significantly different between groups (12.8 +/- 1.6 mm and 13.2 +/- 1.8 mm in group 1 and 2, respectively). Synchronization rate was similar in group 1 (85.2%;132/155) and in group 2 (91.1%;123/135). Conception rate (CR) at 31 d was not different in group 1(59.8%;79/132) and in group 2 (55.3%;68/123). Embryonic loss (7.6%; 6/79 and 7.4%; 5/68 in group 1 and 2 respectively) was not different. Gender ratio of the calves was found different between groups. Proportion of the female calves born were higher (P=0.03) in group 1 (63.3%; 38/60) than in group 2 (42.0%; 21/50). In conclusion, both protocols can be used in order to eliminate estrous detection in large dairy herds. Although GnRH administration at the time of TAI was found to be useful to reduce handling of heifers, GnRH can be applied 16-18 h before Alto achive higher female calves ratio in large dairy farms.
Early Pregnancy Regulates Expression of Wnt Genes and Their Antagonists in Equine Endometrium
(SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION, 2009) Atli, Mehmet Osman; Guzeloglu, Aydin; Dine, Dursun Ali
[Abstract not Available]
Early pregnancy-related changes in toll-like receptors expression in ovine trophoblasts and peripheral blood leukocytes
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2017) Kaya, Mehmet Salih; Kose, Mehmet; Guzeloglu, Aydin; Kiyma, Zekeriya; Atli, Mehmet Osman
In the present study, we aimed to 1) demonstrate the presence of all 10 toll-like receptors (TLRs) in ovine trophoblasts, and 2) investigate the expression profiles of TLR1 - 10 mRNAs in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) in ewes during early pregnancy. For those purposes, ovine trophoblasts (n = 6) were collected from pregnant ewes on day 13. PBLs were collected from non-pregnant (n = 6) and pregnant ewes (n = 17) on days of mating (d) 0 and 18. TLR mRNAs in ovine trophoblasts were visualized by free-floating in situ hybridization (ISH). To assess the expression profiles of TLR1-10 in PBLs, total RNA was isolated and transcribed to cDNA. TLR1-10 mRNA levels were determined by real-time PCR in triplicate. The Relative Expression Software Tool (REST 2009) was used for statistical analysis. We detected mRNAs for TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, TLR6, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR10 but not for TLR1, TLR3, and TLR9 in trophoblasts. TLR2, TLR5, TLR6, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR10 mRNAs were expressed by all trophoblasts, whereas TLR4 mRNA and protein in trophoblasts were more limited. In PBLs, TLR expression did not differ between day 0 and day 18 in non-pregnant ewes; however, ewes in early pregnancy exhibited significantly upregulated expression of TLR2 (23-fold), TLR4 (3.1-fold), TLR6 (1.7-fold), and TLR8 (2.2-fold) on day 18 compared with day 0. In contrast, TLR10 was downregulated (2-fold) on day 18 by pregnancy. Similar results were also obtained for TLR2, TLR4, TLR6, TLR8 and TLR10 from the comparison between day 18 non pregnant and day 18 pregnant groups. According to these results, the presence of TLRs in early ovine trophoblasts suggests that these cells play an immunological role at the maternal fetal interface. The results also suggest that tight regulation of some components of TLRs in PBLs due to embryo- and/or pregnancy related factors is necessary for successful establishment of early pregnancy in ewes. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Effect of presence of corpus luteum at the beginning of ovsynch protocol on pregnancy rates in lactating dairy cows
(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2012) Cinar, Mahmut; Guzeloglu, Aydin; Erdem, Huseyin
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of presence of CL at the beginning of Ovsynch protocol on pregnancy rates in lactating dairy cows. A total of 218 lactating Holstein cows that were at least 45 days postpartum with no reproductive disorders were used in the present study. Cows were divided into two experimental groups according to the presence and absence of corpus luteum (CL) on the first day of transrectal ultrasonography (day 0). Cows having CL (CL (+)) were randomly allocated to two subgroups as CL (+)/A and CL (+)/B. Cows in CL (+)/A group (n = 74) were treated with Ovsynch protocol, while cows in CL (+)/B group (n = 78) were treated with PGF(2 alpha) on the first day of examination and seven days later Ovsynch protocol was started. Cows having no CL (CL (-)) (n = 66) were left untreated on the first day of examination and Ovsynch protocol was started seven days later. Pregnancy rates were found 23%, 25.6% and 40.9% in CL (+)/A, CL (+)/B and CL (-) groups, respectively. The pregnancy rate in CL (-) group was significantly higher than those of CL (+)/A, and CL (+)/B groups (P<0.05). It is suggested that the success of Ovsynch synchronization protocol may be related to starting time of the protocol and to ovarian physiology in cyclic dairy cows.
Effects of levamisole on pregnancy in ewes
(NATL VETERINARY RESEARCH INST, 2007) Pancarci, Sukru Metin; Gungor, Orsan; Gurbulak, Kutlay; Cenesiz, Metin; Kaya, Mehmet; Cenesiz, Sena; Guzeloglu, Aydin
The effects of levamisole, as an anthelmintic or immunomodulator, on pregnancy were investigated in ewes. Immunomodulatory and anthelmintic doses of levamisole and physiologic saline were injected on days 0 (oestrus), 7, 14, and 21 in group I (immunomodulatory dose; n=7), group II (anthelmintic dose; n=6), and group III (control; n=6), respectively. The first service pregnancy rate, tended to be lower (P<0.06) in group I (28.6%) compared to that of groups II (83.3%) and III (83.3%). Plasma progesterone (P-4) concentration was significantly higher (P<0.05) in group II compared to that of group III on day 3, and there was a treatment x day interaction (P<0.05). No effect of levamisole treatments on plasma P-4 concentrations was detected once pregnancy was established. There was a numeric decline in plasma cholesterol concentrations in group II, compared to group I or III on day 3. In conclusion, levamisole as an immunomodulator is detrimental for the establishment of pregnancy, possibly by stimulating general and intrauterine immunity.
Expression of enzymes and receptors of leukotriene pathway genes in equine endometrium during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2013) Guzeloglu, Aydin; Atli, Mehmet O.; Kurar, Ercan; Kayis, Seyit A.; Handler, Johannes; Semacan, Ahmet; Aslan, Selim
The aims of the present study were to elucidate the expression profiles of leukotriene (LT) pathway mRNA transcription and to determine the possible interaction of LT and prostaglandin (PTG) pathways genes in equine endometrium during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy. Endometrial biopsies were obtained from mares on the day of ovulation (d0), at late diestrous (LD, n = 4), and after luteolysis in the estrus phase (AL n = 4) of the cycle. Biopsies were also taken on Days 14 (P14; n = 4), 18 (P18, n = 4), and 22 (P22, n = 4) during early pregnancy that were comparable days to cyclic sampling days. A mixed model was fitted on the normalized relative mRNA levels, quantified by qPCR in duplicate, and least significant difference test was employed to detect significantly different group(s). In addition, to determine the degree of contribution of each gene to separation of treatment groups, the multivariate projection method partial least square regression discriminant analysis was used. The expression of 5-lipoxygenase mRNA was greater on d0 and LD, declined at AL, and was suppressed by early pregnancy. Leukotriene A(4) hydrolase mRNA expression increased at LD and during early pregnancy, but Was significantly greater at LD compared with P14. The expression of LT C-4 synthase mRNA was only induced at LD. Cysteinyl leukotriene receptors (CysLT1 and CysLT2) mRNA expressions were decreased by both cyclic changes and early pregnancy, whereas 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein and B leukotriene receptor mRNA expressions were not affected by early pregnancy or stages of the estrous cycle. Partial least square discriminant analysis suggests that LT and PTG pathway enzymes and receptors appear to behave similarly in terms of mRNA expression. In conclusion, the expression profiles of LT pathway genes are demonstrated in equine endometrium for the first time by the present study, and the present data suggest that LT pathway mRNA transcriptions are tightly regulated during early pregnancy in mares. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Expression of epidermal growth factor (egf) and heparin-binding egf (hb-egf) mrna in mare endometrium
(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2012) Atli, Mehmet Osman; Guzeloglu, Aydin; Kurar, Ercan; Kayis, Seyit Ali; Aslan, Selim; Semacan, Ahmet; Celik, Sefa
EGF and HB-EGF play crucial roles in embryonic development and peri-implantation. In this study, aim was to characterize expression profiles of EGF and HB-EGF in mare endometrium during estrous cycle and early pregnancy. Endometrium biopsies were obtained from mares on day of ovulation (d0), late diestrus (LD) and after luteolysis (AL) in the estrus phase. In pregnant groups, biopsies were taken on days 14 (P14), 18 (P18), 22 (P22) and 60 (P60). Relative expression levels of genes were quantified using real-time RT-PCR. A mixed model was fitted on the normalized data and Least Significant Difference (LSD) test was employed to determine significantly different group(s). EGF mRNA expression was up-regulated at LD compared to d0 while HB-EGF expression was not changed throughout the cycle. EGF expression was also increased during early pregnancy with the highest expression level observed on P60. Similarly, HB-EGF mRNA level was increased on P60. Pregnancy induced EGF expression on P14 and P18 compared to LD and AL whereas expression of HB-EGF was only significantly higher on P18 than that of AL. These results indicate that EGF expression is up-regulated during the cycle at late diestrus when P4 is high and is increased by pregnancy. HB-EGF expression is induced later in the pregnancy. In conclusion, EGF and HB-EGF appear to involve in the events that happen in the mare endometrium during peri-implantation period.
Expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) during the early pregnancy and estrous cycle
(Selçuk Ünivesitesi Veterinerlik Fakültesi, 2012) Kurar, Ercan; Atli, Mehmet Osman; Guzeloglu, Aydin; Semacan, Ahmet
Amaç: Günümüzde kısraklarda birçok gebelik teşhis metodu olmasına rağmen, mümkün olabilecek en erken zamanda gebeliğinin teşhis edilmesi için pratik, güvenilir ve ekonomik bir yönteme halen ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır. Allojenik fötusa karşı immun tolerans erken gebelik esnasında kritik bir öneme sahiptir. Toll-like reseptörlerinin (TLRs) doğal immun sistemin önemli bir parçası olduğu bilinmektedir. Sunulan çalışmada, kısraklarda erken gebelikte periferal kan mononükler hücrelerinde (PKMH) TLRs ekspresyonunun incelenmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Kan numuneleri aynı üç kısraktan östrus siklusunun ve gebeliğin 0 ve 8. günlerinde toplandı. Total RNA örnekleri PKMH’lerinden izole edildi ve cDNA sentezlendi. mRNA düzeyindeki TLRs ekspresyonları iki defa realtime PZR kullanılarak kuantifiye edildi. İstatistiksel analiz için Relative Expression Software Tool (REST2009) kullanıldı. Bulgular: RT-PZR ile PKMH’lerde TLRs (1-10) ekspresyonları tespit edildi. Bununla beraber, real-time PZR ölçümleri siklik veya gebelik durumunun TLRs ekspresyonu üzerine etkisini göstermekte başarısız kaldı. Öneri: Bu sonuçlara bakıldığında, atlarda gebeliğin erken döneminde PKMH’lerinde TLR genlerinin ekspresyonlarının gebeliğin erken anlaşılması için iyi bir markör olmadığı söylenebilir.
Expression of wingless type (WNT) genes and their antagonists at mRNA levels in equine endometrium during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2011) Atli, Mehmet Osman; Guzeloglu, Aydin; Dinc, Dursun Ali
WNT signaling pathway plays important roles in reproductive events. Aims were to (1) determine presence of WNT genes and their antagonists in equine endometrium; and (2) to evaluate their expression profiles during early pregnancy. Endometrial biopsies were obtained from mares on day of ovulation (d0, n = 4) and on days of 14 (P14, n = 4), 18 (P18, n = 4), 22 (P22, n = 4) of early pregnancy. Biopsies were also collected from cyclic mares during late diestrus (LD, on day of 13.5-14, n = 4) and after luteolysis in estrus phase (AL on day of 17.5-18, is = 4) of the cycle. PCR was used to detect expression of genes studied and then relative expression levels were quantified using real-time PCR analysis. A mixed model was fitted on the normalized data and least significant difference test (alpha = 0.05) was employed. Eleven WNT genes (WNT2, WNT2B, WNT4, WNT5A, WNT5B, WNT7A, WNT8A, WNT9B, WNT10B, WNT11 and WNT16) and their antagonists (SFRP1, SFRP2, SFRP5, DKK1, DKK2 and WIF-1) were detected in equine endometrium. Compared to d0, WNT2, WNT5B, WNT7A and SFRP1 expressions were downregulated by the pregnancy while DKK1 was upregulated. WNT5A, WNT11 and WIF-1 were upregulated on P14 and P18. but WNT2B increased only on P14. When LD and P14 were compared, level of WNT8A decreased on P14 while increase in WNT4 level on P14 was slightly significant (P < 0.06). Levels of WNT7A and SFRP1 decreased while DKK1 and WIF-1 increased by the pregnancy on P18 compared to AL Moreover, WNT2B, WNT5A, WNT9B, WNT10B, WNT11, WNT16 DKK1 and WIF-1 were upregulated on LD compared to AL whereas WNT4, WNT7A, SFRP1 were downregulated. In conclusion, the results demonstrate that WNT genes and their antagonists appear to be regulated during early pregnancy in equine endometrium possibly due to embryonic factors and/or maternal progesterone. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
PLS-DA approach for simultaneous evaluation of genes involved in luteolysis in equine endometrium during estrous cycle and early pregnancy
(CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD, 2011) Guzeloglu, Aydin; Kayis, Seyit A.; Atli, Mehmet O.; Kurar, Ercan; Semacan, Ahmet; Aslan, Selim
[Abstract not Available]
Pomc, inos, pges, il-4, il-5 and il-10 gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of cyclic and pregnant mares
(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2011) Kurar, Ercan; Atli, Mehmet Osman; Guzeloglu, Aydin; Semacan, Ahmet
Although a number of different clinical and laboratory methods are used, there is still need for a practical, reliable and economical diagnosis method for early pregnancy in mares. Objective was to provide a preliminary background for understanding immunological modifications at molecular level during early pregnancy in mare and thereby to allow development of a practical pregnancy test. Blood samples were collected from 10 pregnant and 4 cyclic mares on days of ovulation (d0), 4 and 8. Total RNA samples were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and cDNA synthesis was performed. Pregnancy dependent gene expression profiles of proopiomelanocortin (POMC), nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), prostaglandin E synthase (PGES), interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5 and IL-10 were evaluated at mRNA level using semiquantitative Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction. Data were analyzed by General Linear Model and possible differences between all mean factors were determined by Tukey's analysis. No gene expressions were observed for PGES, IL-5 and iNOS in PMBCs. Expressions of POMC, IL-4 and IL-10 were not significant on d0, 4 and 8, which suggested that pregnancy or cyclic status had no effect on expression of these genes. Only, IL-10 mRNA expression was lower in pregnant mares than cyclic mares (P < 0.05).
Rating of putative housekeeping genes for quantitative gene expression analysis in cyclic and early pregnant equine endometrium
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2011) Kayis, Seyit A.; Atli, Mehmet O.; Kurar, Ercan; Bozkaya, Faruk; Semacan, Ahmet; Aslan, Selim; Guzeloglu, Aydin
The aim was an evaluation of a set of housekeeping genes (HKGs) to be used in the normalization of gene expression in the equine endometrium. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), hypoxanthine ribosyl transferase 1 (HPRT1), ubiquitin B (UBB), tubulin alpha 1 (TUBA1), ribosomal protein L32 (RPL32), beta-2-microglobulin (B2M), 18S rRNA (18S), and 285 rRNA (28S) HKGs were evaluated using real-time PCR and were compared in different physiological stages of the endometrium. Endometrial biopsies were obtained from mares on day of ovulation (d0, n = 4), at late diestrus (LD, n = 4), after luteolyis (AL, n = 4) of the cycle and on days 14 (P14; n = 3), 18 (P18, n = 3) and 22 (P22; n = 3) of pregnancy. A model based on REML with support of descriptive statistics was proposed in accordance with experimental design and was further confirmed with principal component analysis (PCA). Results were compared with widely used software including geNorm, BestKeeper, and NormFinder. Results indicated that GAPDH was the most stable HKG and RPL32 was ranked as the second best. 18S and 285 were found to be the least stable. The proposed model, PCA, geNorm, and BestKeeper were in agreement in detecting the most stable and the least stable HKGs in the equine endometrium during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Supplementation of dairy cows with bovine somatotropin or omega-3 rich fish oil affects the endometrial expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
(2011) Maclaren, Leslie A.; Bılby, Todd R.; Mıchel, Frank; Guzeloglu, Aydin; Staples, Charles R.; Thatcher, William W.
Amaç: Çalışmanın amaçları, holştayn ırkı ineklerin rasyonuna 90 gün boyunca zenginleştirilmiş balık yağı formunda uzun zincirli omega-3 çoklu doymamış balık yağı katılmasının veya ovulasyon günü ve 11 gün sonrasında iki kere inek somatotropin enjeksiyonunun endometriumunda PPAR ekspresyonu ve aktivasyonunu araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Laktasyonda olmayan inekler siklik, siklik-bST, gebe veya gebe-bST olmak üzere 4 gruba ayrıldı. Laktasyondaki inekler ise siklik, siklik-bST, gebe, gebe-bST, siklik-FO veya siklik-FO-bST olmak üzere 6 gruba ayrıldı. Bulgular: Northern ve Western blot analizleri PPAR? ve PPAR?’nın ovulasyon sonrası 17. günde endometriumda ekspre edildiğini belirlendi ancak PPAR? tespit edilemedi. bST uygulaması sadece gebelerde PPAR? mRNA ekspresyonunu arttırdı, bu etki embriyo tarafından düzenlenmiş olabilir. Laktasyondaki gebe ineklerin endometriumundaki bST’ya bağlı PPAR? mRNA miktarındaki artış bST etkisinin gebelik durumuna bağlı olduğunu vurgulamaktadır. Rasyona balık yağı eklenmesi PPAR? mRNA miktarını azaltırken, PPAR? mRNA miktarı üzerine bir etkisi olmadı. PPAR? proteini luminal epitelde, glandular epitelde, subepitel stromada ve az miktarda da adluminal stromada belirlendi. Anti-PPAR? reaksiyonu bST uygulaması ve balık yağı beslemesine bağlı olarak gebe ineklerde azaldı. Öneri: bST uygulaması ve balık yağı beslemesi endometrial PPAR? ve PPAR? ekspresyonun laktasyondaki sütçü ineklerde etkilemektedir.
Supplementation of dairy cows with bovine somatotropin or omega-3 rich fish oil affects the endometrial expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
(Selçuk Üniversitesi Veterinerlik Fakültesi, 2011) MacLaren, Leslie A.; Bilby, Todd R.; Michel, Frank; Guzeloglu, Aydin; Staples, Charles R.; Thatcher, William W.
Amaç: Çalışmanın amaçları, holştayn ırkı ineklerin rasyonuna 90 gün boyunca zenginleştirilmiş balık yağı formunda uzun zincirli omega-3 çoklu doymamış balık yağı katılması- nın veya ovulasyon günü ve 11 gün sonrasında iki kere inek somatotropin enjeksiyonunun endometriumunda PPAR ekspresyonu ve aktivasyonunu araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Laktasyonda olmayan inekler siklik, siklik-bST, gebe veya gebe-bST olmak üzere 4 gruba ayrıldı. Laktasyondaki inekler ise siklik, siklik-bST, gebe, gebe-bST, siklik-FO veya siklik-FO-bST olmak üzere 6 gruba ayrıldı. Bulgular: Northern ve Western blot analizleri PPAR? ve PPAR?’nın ovulasyon sonrası 17. günde endometriumda ekspre edildiğini belirlendi ancak PPAR? tespit edilemedi. bST uygulaması sadece gebelerde PPAR? mRNA ekspresyonunu arttırdı, bu etki embriyo tarafından düzenlenmiş olabilir. Laktasyondaki gebe ineklerin endometriumundaki bST’ya bağlı PPAR? mRNA miktarındaki artış bST etkisinin gebelik durumuna bağlı olduğunu vurgulamaktadır. Rasyona balık yağı eklenmesi PPAR? mRNA miktarını azaltırken, PPAR? mRNA miktarı üzerine bir etkisi olmadı. PPAR? proteini luminal epitelde, glandular epitelde, subepitel stromada ve az miktarda da adluminal stromada belirlendi. Anti-PPAR? reaksiyonu bST uygulaması ve balık yağı beslemesine bağlı olarak gebe ineklerde azaldı. Öneri: bST uygulaması ve balık yağı beslemesi endometrial PPAR? ve PPAR? ekspresyonun laktasyondaki sütçü ineklerde etkilemektedir.
Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 expression in the bovine corpus luteum during the different stages of the estrous cycle
(BRAZILIAN COLL ANIMAL REPRODUCTION, 2017) Atli, Mehmet Osman; Kose, Mehmet; Kaya, Mehmet Salih; Aydilek, Nurettin; Guzeloglu, Aydin; Wiltbank, Milo C.
The aim of this study was to elucidate the presence of components of the innate immune system in the bovine corpus luteum (CL) by detecting the expression and cell-specific localization of TLR2 and TLR4 during different stages of the estrous cycle in a control study design. Bovine CL samples were collected from a local slaughterhouse and assigned to three groups as follows: developing CL (dCL; n = 6, approx. days 3-6), mature CL (mCL; n = 5, approx. days 8-12), and regressing CL (rCL; n = 5, approx. days 17-19). An upregulation of TLR2 mRNA was detected only in rCL (P < 0.05). Localization of the TLR2 protein was particularly apparent in luteal cells and a prominent immunofluorescent signal corresponding to TLR2 was detected only in rCL. TLR4 mRNA were higher in mCL and rCL compared to dCL (P < 0.05). The presence of the TLR4 protein in bovine CL was clearly detected in the luteal cells of both mCL and rCL. The results of this study suggest a role for TLRs in the development, maintenance, and regression of bovine CL. TLR signaling mediated pathway in luteal cells may involve in the regression of CL via regulation of TLR2 and TLR4.

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