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Öğe Clinical efficacy of combinations of nebulised fluticasone, salbutamol and furosemide on lung function in premature calves with respiratory distress syndrome(CZECH ACADEMY AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2017) Yildiz, R.; Ok, M.Surfactant deficiency, poor development of the lung structure and fibrosis as a result of inflammation are thought to play an important role in the development of respiratory distress syndrome in premature calves. Nebulised steroid (fluticasone), bronchodilator (salbutamol) and diuretics (furosemide) can be used in combination alongside standard treatment procedures for premature calves, and might improve viability as observed in infants, foals and horses with pulmonary disorders. Twenty-five premature calves with respiratory distress syndrome were used in this study. Oxygen and supportive treatment were administered to all groups. The first group was used as a control group (Group 1). The nebulised drug combinations were as follows: Group 2: fluticasone + salbutamol, Group 3: salbutamol + furosemide, Group 4: fluticasone + furosemide and Group 5: fluticasone + salbutamol + furosemide. During the 72-h time period of the study, fluticasone (15 mu g/kg/12 h), salbutamol (0.025 mg/kg/6 h) and furosemide (1 mg/kg/12 h) were applied for 5 min. Arterial blood samples were collected from the auricular artery at 0 h and at 1, 24, 48 and 72 h for blood gas analysis. Significant (P < 0.05) increases in arterial partial oxygen, oxygen saturation and peripheral oxygen saturation and decreases in arterial partial carbon dioxide, lactate and respiration rate were observed in all the nebulised treatment groups, while a statistical difference was observed only for arterial partial carbon dioxide in control group. When comparing the treated groups with the control, it may be concluded that nebulised drugs are highly effective in the therapy of premature calves with respiratory distress syndrome, while the different nebulised groups exhibited similar efficacies.Öğe Diagnostic Importance of Elisa and Haemagglutination Inhibition Tests in Canine Parvoviral Infection of Dogs(Indian Veterinary Journal, 2000) Ok, M.; Sen, İ.; Birdane, F. M.; Güzelbektaş, H.; Turgut, K.Canine Parvovirus (CPV) was first recognised in 1978 as the causative agent of a new canine disease syndrome characterised by myocarditis and haemorrhagic mucoidal enteritis (Appel et al., 1979). CPV infections had been reported in 50 countries around the world (Houston et al., 1996), CPV is an autonomous parvovirus similar to feline panleukopenia and mink enteritis virus. Myocarditis form is often fatal in puppies 4-8 weeks of age (Robinson et al., 1979). Enteritis form is characterised by acute, severe diarrhoea, vomiting and leukopenia (Hoskins, 1997). Canine parvoviral enteritis can not be unequivocally diagnosed clinically. Laboratory diagnosis of CPV enteritis depends upon detection of specific antibody in serum or the presence of virus in faeces (Pollock and Carmichael, 1990).Öğe Evaluation of Ultrasonographic and Morphologic Liver Changes in Dogs With Steroid Hepatopathy(Indian Veterinary Journal, 2001) Şen, İsmail; Turgut, K.; Hatipoğlu, Fatih; Ok, M.; Civelek, T.[Abstract not Available]Öğe Investigation on Plasma Thiamine Concentration in Faunated and Defaunated Angora Goats(INDIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL, 2001) Şen, I.; Keskin, E.; Ok, M.; Eryavuz, A.[Abstract not Available]Öğe The level of serum ionised calcium, aspartate aminotransferase, insulin, glucose, betahydroxybutyrate concentrations and blood gas parameters in cows with left displacement of abomasum(POLSKA AKAD NAUK, POLISH ACAD SCIENCES, UNIV WARMIA & MAZURY OLSZTYN, 2006) Sen, I.; Ok, M.; Coskun, A.The purpose of this study was to determine concentrations of serum glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), insulin, beta-hydroxybutyrate (BOH) and ionised calcium (Ica) in dairy cows with left displaced abomasum (LDA) and to compare these parameters before and after surgical correction of LDA. Eighteen Swiss-Holstein dairy cows with LDA were used in this study. Clinically healthy post parturient cows (n: 10) from a local dairy farm were used as control group. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein from all the cows. Surgery was performed in cows with LDA. Blood samples from cows with LDA were collected 24 hours after surgery. The abomasum was repositioned followed by an omentopexy. Six of the 18 cows with LDA had clinical ketosis as detected with urine dipstick. The mean concentrations of insulin, BOH, glucose and AST in cows with LDA at admission time were increased compared with the healthy cows. But the mean concentration of ICa at admission time was slightly decreased compared with healthy cows. The mean BOH concentration was decreased 24 hours following surgery compared with values on admission time. However, the mean serum AST levels were increased both at admission time and 24 hours after surgery compared with healthy cows. The levels of blood gas parameters in cows with LDA were not significantly different in comparison with healthy cows, although hyperbasemia in six of 18 cows with LDA was determined. In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that serum insulin, glucose, AST and BOH levels were increased in dairy cows with LDA. Serum BOH and ICa levels were decreased 24 hours after surgery compared with values on admission time. All cows with LDA used in this study had subclinical/clinical ketosis. We could say that ketosis might be a risk factor for the displacement of the abomasum.Öğe Plasma Gastrin Activity and the Diagnosis of Bleeding Abomasal Ulcers in Cattle(BLACKWELL VERLAG GMBH, 2001) Ok, M.; Şen, I.; Turgut, K.; Irmak, K.The present study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of plasma gastrin determinations as a diagnostic aid and to review the clinical and haematological findings in cattle with bleeding abomasal ulcers. Twenty-nine cows with bleeding abomasal ulcers and six healthy cows were used. Clinical and laboratory examinations, including plasma gastrin levels, were Performed. Anorexia, depression, dark-coloured to black faeces, pale mucous membranes, abdominal pain, moderate tachycardia and tachypnoea were the most pronounced clinical symptoms in the cattle with bleeding abomasal ulcers. Plasma gastrin concentration was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the cattle with bleeding abomasal ulcers than in healthy cows. ne mean plasma gastrin concentration in healthy, cattle was 103.2 pg/ml, while the mean plasma gastrin concentrations in cattle with bleeding abomasal ulcers were found to be 213.6 pg/ml. Haemoglobin levels, packed cell volume, total white blood cell count and mean corpuscular volume were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the cows with bleeding abomasal ulcer than in the healthy cattle. The results of this study show that measurement of plasma gastrin can be useful in the diagnosis of bleeding abomasal ulcers in cattle.Öğe Pre and Postprandial Total Serum Bile Acid Concentration Following Acute Liver Damage in Dogs(BLACKWELL WISSENSCHAFTS-VERLAG GMBH, 1997) Turgut, K.; Demir, C.; Ok, M.; Çiftçi, K.The importance of preprandial and postprandial total bile acids were investigated in dogs with liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) administration. Six healthy and mature dogs were used. After base-line clinical and biochemical examinations, hepatocellular damage was induced by oral CCl4 administration. Determinations of plasma total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), total and direct bilirubin (TBil, DBil), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) along with histologic ex-amination of the livers 10 days following CCl4 administration were conducted to ensure that hepatic damage was in fact induced by the CCl4 administration. Twelve h fasting preprandial and 2 h postprandial serum total bile acids (PRSBA, POSBA) concentrations were also measured. The median plasma TP, Alb, TBil and DBil concentrations did nor show any difference (P > 0.05) during the study. Plasma ALT activities increased significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) between on the 3rd and 10th days of the experiment. The median serum values of PRSBA and POSBA were significantly different (P < 0.01) on the first day and continued to be different during the experiment. In conclusion, POSBA seemed to be more reliable than PRSBA in the diagnosis of hepatic necrosis.Öğe Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Premature Calves(WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2012) Güzelbekteş, H.; Coşkun, A.; Ok, M.; Aydoğdu, U.; Şen, I.Background Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is the presence of gastric contents proximal to the stomach. Pathologic consequences secondary to GER are termed gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of GER and GERD in premature calves by endoscopic examination. Animals Ten healthy and 51 premature calves were included in the study. All premature calves also had respiratory distress syndrome. Methods Esophagoscopy of premature calves was conducted by fiber optic endoscopy. Abnormalities such as increased saliva, hyperemia, hemorrhage, petechiae, presence of abomasal content in the esophagus, and relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) were evaluated by endoscopy. Results The prevalence of GERD and GER in the premature calves was 55 and 67%, respectively. Hyperemia and hyperemia with hemorrhage or petechiation of the esophageal mucosa were determined by endoscopic examination. Hyperemia was commonly observed in the distal esophageal mucosa, although a few hyperemic areas also were observed in other portions of the esophagus. In addition to these abnormalities, LES relaxation, abomasal fluid in the distal esophagus, abomasal content in the esophagus, and increased saliva also were observed in premature calves with GER. Conclusions The prevalence of both GER (67%) and GERD (55%) in premature calves was high in the study. Endoscopy provides a practical, rapid, noninvasive, and reasonably accurate method for determining the presence of GER and GERD in premature calves.Öğe Role of Gastrin in the Aetiology of Abomasal Displacement in Dairy Cows(BRITISH VETERINARY ASSOC, 2002) Şen, I.; Ok, M.; Turgut, K.; Birdane, Fatih Mehmet; Güzelbektaş, H.It was considered that this incident posed no risk to the human food chain because the animals were already prohibited from sale for human consumption by the long withdrawal period of this anthlemintic. In addition, the worst-affected lambs had been culled for postmortem examination. However, a routine report was completed under the Suspected Adverse Reaction Surveillanice Scheme for the Veteriniary Medicines Directorate.Öğe The Studies on the Aetiology of Diarrhoea in Neonatal Calves and Determination of Virulence Gene Markers of Escherichia coli Strains by Multiplex PCR(WILEY, 2009) Ok, M.; Guler, L.; Turgut, K.; Ok, U.; Sen, I.; Gunduz, I. K.; Birdane, M. F.The purpose of this study was to determine aetiological agents of diarrhoea in neonatal calves and to investigate virulence gene markers of Escherichia coli strains isolated from calves by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Eighty-two diarrhoeic calves and 18 healthy calves were used as subjects. Faeces were taken from the rectums of all the calves and were subjected to bacterial culture. Antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect rotavirus, coronavirus and E. coli K99 in faeces of all the calves. A multiplex PCR was used to characterize E. coli strains in all the calves. Escherichia coli was isolated from 37 faeces samples, Enterococcus ssp. was isolated from 22 faeces samples and Salmonella was isolated from one faeces sample in diarrhoeic calves. Furthermore, only E. coli was isolated from all 18 faeces samples of healthy calves. Of the 37 E. coli isolated from diarrhoeic calves, K99 (18.9%), F41 (18.9%), heat-stable enterotoxin a (STa) (18.9%), Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1; 13.5%) and Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2; 5.4%) and intimin (8.1%) genes were identified by multiplex PCR. Of the 18 E. coli isolated from healthy calves, K99 (16.6%) and intimin (55.5%) genes were identified by PCR. A total of 15 rotavirus, 11 coronavirus and 11 E. coli K99 were detected in diarrhoeic calves by the antigen ELISA. As a result, this study shows that rotavirus, coronavirus, E. coli and Enterococcus ssp. were determined to play a role in the aetiology of diarrhoea in the neonatal calves. K99, F41, STa, Stx1 and Stx2 were found as the most common virulence gene markers of E. coli strains isolated from calves with diarrhoea. Multiplex PCR may be useful for characterization of E. coli isolated from calves.