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Öğe AGE AND SEX AFFECT SPATIAL AND EMOTIONAL BEHAVIORS IN RATS: THE ROLE OF REPEATED ELEVATED PLUS MAZE TEST(PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2012) Belviranli, M.; Atalik, K. E. N.; Okudan, N.; Gokbel, H.The main objective of the study was to investigate the effects of age and sex differences on locomotor activity, learning and memory in rats. Another objective was to investigate whether repeated elevated plus maze tests induce anxiety in rats. Eighty Wistar rats were divided into eight groups according to their sex, age and anxiety status. Locomotor activity was assessed in open field. Repeated anxiety tests were performed in elevated plus maze. Spatial learning and memory were evaluated with the Morris water maze. All behavioral tests were recorded online and analyzed offline with an analytical software. Exploratory behavior was lower in anxiety-induced rats. Male rats had lower anxiety levels, locomotor activity and exploratory behavior compared to females. During the training period of Morris water maze latency to find platform, total distance traveled and average swimming speed decreased in all groups with repeated tests and young rats generally were faster than aged rats. During the probe trial, although the number of platform crossings was not affected, time spent in the platform zone was higher in the young groups compared to the aged groups. In conclusion, age and sex affect locomotor activity, learning and memory in different aspects. (C) 2012 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Association between pentraxin 3 and growth differentiation factor-15 in adolescent male swimmers(COMENIUS UNIV, 2017) Karakuyu, N.; Belviranli, M.; Okudan, N.BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate plasma pentraxin 3 (PTX3) and growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) concentrations in adolescent male swimmers and compare any possible interactions with canonical biochemical parameters. METHODS: Twenty-six adolescent male swimmers and 29 gender- and age-matched sedentary controls participated in this study. Fasting blood samples were taken from the participants. Biochemical values and plasma PTX3 and GDF-15 levels were measured. RESULTS: Plasma PTX-3 levels were markedly higher in the adolescent male swimmers than in the sedentary controls (378.44 +/- 173.93 vs 257.82 +/- 103.20 pg mL(-1), p = 0.002). There was no significant difference in GDF-15 levels between the two groups (186.12 +/- 40.65 vs 203.60 +/- 36.77 pg mL(-1) in the swimmers and the sedentary, respectively, P = 0.068). Relationship between PTX3 and GDF-15 was linear. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study showing that adolescent male swimmers have higher PTX3 levels than sedentary controls and that there is a linear relationship between PTX3 and GDF-15 (Tab. 3, Fig. 2, Ref 26). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.Öğe Association of Circulating Irisin with Insulin Resistance and Oxidative Stress in Obese Women(GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG, 2016) Belviranli, M.; Okudan, N.; Celik, F.Irisin is a myokine/adipokine with potential role in obesity and diabetes. The purpose of the present study was to assess irisin levels and its association with insulin resistance and oxidative stress markers in premenopausal normal-weight and obese women. Ten obese (mean body mass index, 32.65 +/- 3.04kgm(-2)) and 10 normal-weight (23.00 +/- 2.23kgm(-2)) premenopausal women were involved in the present study. Anthropometric, and body composition parameters, blood chemistry, oxidative stress markers, and irisin concentrations of different groups were measured. Correlation analyses were performed between irisin and other measured parameters. Plasma irisin levels were lower in the obese group than the normal-weight group (p<0.05). Glucose, homeostasis model assessment index (HOMA-IR), and MDA levels in the obese group were higher than that in the normal-weight group (p<0.05). Plasma irisin was negatively correlated with insulin (r=-0.648, p<0.05), HOMA-IR (r=-0.664, p<0.05) and MDA (r=-0.690, p<0.05). These data suggest that irisin levels are decreased with obesity, and irisin may have an antidiabetic and antioxidant effects.Öğe Association of circulating irisin with oxidative stress and insulin resistance in premenopausal lean and obese women(WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2016) Belviranli, M.; Okudan, N.; Celik, F.[Abstract not Available]Öğe THE DUAL EFFECTS OF LEPTIN ON AORTIC RINGS WITH AND WITHOUT ENDOTHELIUM ISOLATED FROM STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS(PROUS SCIENCE, SAU-THOMSON REUTERS, 2009) Sahin, A. S.; Bariskaner, H.; Goekbel, H.; Okudan, N.The aim of this study was to examine the effects of leptin on aortic rings with and without endothelium isolated from streptozotocin (STZ)induced diabetic and control rots, and also in the presence of on inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Thoracic aortic rings from 5-week STZ-induced diabetic (50 mg/kg i.p.) and age-matched control Sprague-Dawley rots were mounted in isolated tissue baths. Concentration-response curves to leptin (0.1 pM-1 nM) were constructed under basal tone and after precontraction with I PM phenylephrine in the presence or absence of N-omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 10 mu M). Leptin caused a concentration-dependent relaxation of precontracted endothelium-intact aortic rings from control and diabetic rots. Responses to leptin in diabetic aorta were significantly increased compared to those of controls (P < 0.05). EC50 values for leptin were similar for aortic rings from diabetic and control rots (P > 0.05). L-NAME pretreatment caused complete inhibition of the relaxant responses to leptin in the control aortic rings, while it induced a reduction in these responses in the diabetic rings (P < 0.05). Leptin-induced relaxation was eliminated when the endothelium was denuded. Leptin hod no effect on the basal tone of endothelium-intact or -denuded aortic rings from control rots. In diabetic rings, leptin elicited concentration-dependent contractions (P < 0.05). Removal of the endothelium significantly increased the contractile effect of leptin on basal tone in diabetic rings (P < 0.05). The results suggest that leptin may induce vasodilatation by endothelial mechanism(s) other than nitric oxide (NO) release from the endothelium in diabetic aortic rings. On the other hand, leptin causes contractile effects on the basal tone in aorta smooth muscle isolated from STZ-induced diabetic rots. The contractile effect of leptin on basal tone may contribute to the development of hypertension in diabetes.Öğe Effect of Mobile Phone Station on Micronucleus Frequency and Chromosomal Aberrations in Human Blood Cells(MEDECINE ET HYGIENE, 2010) Yıldırım, M. S.; Yıldırım, A.; Zamani, A. G.; Okudan, N.Effect of mobile phone station on micronucleus frequency and chromosomal aberrations in human blood cells: The use of mobile telephones has rapidly increased worldwide as well as the number of mobile phone base stations that lead to rise low level radiofrequency emissions which may in turn have possible harm for human health. The national radiation protection board has published the known effects of radio waves exposure on humans living close to mobile phone base stations. However, several studies have claimed that the base station has detrimental effects on different tissues. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of mobile phone base stations on the micronucleus (MN) frequency and chromosomal aberrations on blood in people who were living around mobile phone base stations and healthy controls. Frequency of MN and chromosomal aberrations in study and control groups was 8.96 +/- 3.51 and 6.97 +/- 1.52 (p: 0.16); 0.36 +/- 0.31 and 0.75 +/- 0.61 (p: 0.07), respectively. Our results show that there was not a significant difference of MN frequency and chromosomal aberrations between the two study groups. The results claim that cellular phones and their base stations do not produce important carcinogenic changes.Öğe The effects of beta alanine plus creatine administration on performance during repeated bouts of supramaximal exercise in sedentary men(EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA, 2015) Okudan, N.; Belviranli, M.; Pepe, H.; Gokbel, H.Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of beta alanine and/or creatine supplementation on performance during repeated bouts of supramaximal exercise in sedentary men. Methods. Forty-four untrained healthy men (aged 20-22 years, weight: 68-72 kg, height: 174-178 cm) participated in the present study. After performing the Wingate Test (WAnT) for three times in the baseline exercise session, the subjects were assigned to one of four treatment groups randomly: 1) placebo (P; 10 g maltodextrose); 2) creatine (Cr; 5 g creatine plus 5 g maltodextrose); 3) beta-alanine (beta-ALA; 1,6 g beta alanine plus 8,4 g maltodextrose); and 4) beta-alanine plus creatine (beta-ALA+Cr; 1,6 g beta alanine plus 5 g creatine plus 3,4 g maltodextrose). Participants were given the supplements orally twice a day for 22 consecutive days, then four times a day for the following 6 days. After 28 days, the second exercise session was applied during which peak power (PP) and mean power (MP) were measured and fatigue index (FI) was calculated. Results. PP and MP decreased and FI increased in all groups during exercise before and after the treatment. During the postsupplementation session PP2 and PP3 increased in creatine supplemented group (from 642.7 +/- 148.6 to 825.1 +/- 205.2 in PP2 and from 522.9 +/- 117.5 to 683.0 +/- 148.0 in PP3, respectively). However, MP increased in beta-ALA+Cr during the postsupplementation compared to presupplementation in all exercise sessions (from 586.2 +/- 55.4 to 620.6 +/- 49.6 in MP1, from 418.1 +/- 37.2 to 478.3 +/- 30.3 in MP2 and from 362.0 +/- 41.3 to 399.1 +/- 3 in MP3, respectively). FI did not change with beta alanine and beta alanine plus creatine supplementation during the postsupplementation exercise session. Conclusion. Beta-alanine and beta alanine plus creatine supplementations have strong performance enhancing effect by increasing mean power and delaying fatigue Index during the repeated WAnT.Öğe Effects of CoQ10 supplementation and swimming training on exhaustive exercise-induced oxidative stress in rat heart(COMENIUS UNIV, 2012) Okudan, N.; Revan, S.; Balci, S. S.; Belviranli, M.; Pepe, H.; Gokbel, H.This study examined the combined effects of swimming training and coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) supplementation on exhaustive exercise-induced oxidative stress in rat heart. The study was carried out with 4-month-old young adult male Wistar rats. Sixty four rats were divided mainly into two groups: trained and control. Each group was further divided into four subgroups: rest, exhausted, rest with CoQ(10), exhausted with CoQ(10). The training program consisted of swimming one hour each day, five days a week, for six weeks. At the end of sixth week, rats in exhausted exercise group were forced to swim until exhaustion and then they were immediately sacrificed, while rats in rest group were sacrificed at rest. Training alone or in combination with CoQ(10) supplementation reduced to increasing MDA levels due to exhaustive exercise in rat heart (p<0.05). The trained-rest with CoQ(10) group showed lower 8-OHdG levels than the control-rest with CoQ(10) group. Exhaustive exercise effect was significant on SOD activity. Exhaustive exercise increased GSH levels in control groups while decreased GSH levels in training groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, the results suggest that CoQ(10) supplementation combined with training may inhibit lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in the heart tissue. Also, it can be said that SOD activity and GSH levels were not influenced by CoQ(10) supplementation (Fig. 4, Tab. 1, Ref. 69). Full Text in PDF www.elis.sk.Öğe Effects of exercise preconditioning on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury(COMENIUS UNIV, 2014) Gokbel, H.; Oz, M.; Okudan, N.; Belviranli, M.; Esen, H.Background: To investigate the effects of exercise preconditioning on oxidative injury in the intestinal tissue of rats. Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups as sham (n = 10), ischemia-reperfusion (n = 10), exercise (n = 10), exercise plus ischemia-reperfusion (n = 10), ischemic preconditioning (n = 10), and ischemic preconditioning plus ischemia-reperfusion groups (n = 10). Tissue levels of malondialdehyde and activities of myeloperoxidase and superoxide dismutase, and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 were measured. Intestinal tissue histopathology was also evaluated by light microscopy. Results: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentrations significantly decreased in the exercise group compared to the sham group (p < 0.05). Myeloperoxidase activity significantly increased and superoxide dismutase activity significantly decreased in ischemia-reperfusion group compared to the sham group (p < 0.05). Superoxide dismutase activity in the ischemic preconditioning and ischemic preconditioning plus ischemia-reperfusion groups were significantly higher compared to the ischemia-reperfusion and exercise groups (p < 0.05). Histopathologically, intestinal injury significantly attenuated in the exercise plus ischemia-reperfusion group compared to the ischemia-reperfusion group. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that exercise training seems to have a protective role against intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (Tab. 3, Fig. 1, Ref. 35). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.Öğe Effects of exercise training on hepatic oxidative stress and antioxidant status in aged rats -- 2(WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2016) Okudan, N.; Belviranli, M.[Abstract not Available]Öğe EFFECTS OF MELATONIN SUPPLEMENTATION ON EXERCISE-INDUCED CHANGES IN CONDUCTION VELOCITY DISTRIBUTIONS(PROUS SCIENCE, SA, 2009) Ayaz, M.; Okudan, N.The mammalian nervous system processes complex information to control complex behaviors. Since the speed of transport of information can be a life-saving phenomenon, it is extremely important to stabilize the rate of these processes. This study aims to investigate the protective effects of melatonin supplementation on acute heavy exercise-induced changes in the nerve conduction velocity distributions (CVD). Remodeling of the sciatic nerve due to heavy exercise demonstrates not only on increase in some parameters (rheobase and chronaxie), but also decreases in maximum depolarization, total area under the compound action potential (CAP), fall-down phase of CAP kinetics and speed of the intermediately conducting group. Acute heavy exercise-induced decreases in the contribution of nerve fibers were mainly found between 1.0 and 1.7 interstimulus interval (ISI) values (46-52 m/s). Presupplementotion with melatonin, a powerful antioxidant for nervous tissues, protects the sciatic nerve against off of the aforementioned changes. Presupplementotion not only protects the nerve cells from exercise-induced damage, but also increases the contribution of nerve fibers with conduction velocities of 46-52 m/s.Öğe Effects of social isolation, enriched environment and exercise on learning in rats(WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2016) Ekinalan, H.; Okudan, N.; Belviranli, M.[Abstract not Available]Öğe Oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in plasma after repeated bouts of supramaximal exercise: the effect of coenzyme Q10(EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA, 2011) Gul, I.; Gokbel, H.; Belviranli, M.; Okudan, N.; Buyukbas, S.; Basarali, K.Aim. The purpose was to determine the changes of oxidative stress and antioxidant markers in plasma after repeated bouts of supramaximal exercise and the effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on these changes. Methods. This randomized, double blind, crossover study was composed of two 8-week periods of supplementation with either 100 mg.day(-1) CoQ10 or placebo. Fifteen healthy and sedentary men participated in the study. Five Wingate tests with 2 min rest between tests were performed. Blood samples were collected at rest, immediately after, 15 and 60 min after the fifth Wingate test for oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, xanthine oxidase and adenosine deaminase) and antioxidant (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and uric acid) markers. Results. At baseline exercise session, malondialdehyde increased 15 and 60 min after the exercise compared to the rest and immediately after the exercise. Malondialdehyde at rest, immediately after and 60 min after the exercise decreased with coenzyme Q10 supplementation when compared to baseline. At baseline exercise session, uric acid increased 15 and 60 min after the exercise when compared to the rest. In conclusion, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense increase after repeated short-term supramaximal exercise. Conclusion. Coenzyme Q10 supplementation partially prevents the increase in lipid peroxidation after repeated short-term supramaximal exercise.Öğe Protective effects of curcumin supplementation on intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury(ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG, 2013) Okudan, N.; Belviranli, M.; Gokbel, H.; Oz, M.; Kumak, A.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects curcumin on inflammation and oxidative stress markers in the intestinal ischemia reperfusion (IIR) injury induced rats. Rats were divided into four groups: sham (S), intestinal IR (IIR), curcumin plus sham (CS), and curcumin plus intestinal IR (CIIR). Curcumin was given 200 mg kg(-1) for 20 days. IIR was produced by 45 min of intestinal ischemia followed by a 120 min of reperfusion. Although interleukin-6 levels tended to increase in IIR group tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were not different. Intestinal myeloperoxidase activity in CS group was lower than IIR group. In intestine and heart tissues, malondialdehyde levels in CS and CIIR groups were lower than S and IIR groups. Superoxide dismutase activity in CIIR group was higher than IIR group in intestine and lung tissues. Curcumin has a protective role against ischemia reperfusion injury. (C) 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.Öğe The ventilatory anaerobic threshold is related to, but is lower than, the critical power, but does not explain exercise tolerance at this workrate(EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA, 2006) Okudan, N.; Gokbel, H.Aim. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between critical power (CP), maximal aerobic power and the anaerobic threshold and whether exercise time to exhaustion and work at the CP can be used as an index in the determination of endurance. Methods. An incremental maximal cycle exercise test was performed on 30 untrained males aged 18-22 years. Lactate analysis was carried out on capillary blood samples at every 2 minutes. From gas exchange parameters and heart rate and lactate values, ventilatory anaerobic thresholds, heart rate deflection point and the onset of blood lactate accumulation were calculated. CP was determined with linear work-time method using 3 loads. The subjects exercised until they could no longer maintain a cadence above 24 rpm at their CP and exercise time to exhaustion was determined. Results. CP was lower than the power output corresponding to VO2max, higher than the power outputs corresponding to anaerobic threshold. CP was correlated with VO2max and anaerobic threshold. Exercise time to exhaustion and work at CP were not correlated with VO2max and anaerobic threshold. Conclusion. Because of the correlations of the CP with VO2max and anaerobic threshold and no correlation of exercise time to exhaustion and work at the CP with these parameters, we conclude that exercise time to exhaustion and work at the CP cannot be used as an index in the determination of endurance.
