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    Asphodeline Cilicica Tuzlaci: From the Plant to Its Most Active Part Extract and Its Broad Bioactive Properties
    (ELSEVIER, 2019) Zengin, Gökhan; Aktümsek, Abdurrahman; Mocan, Andrei; Rengasamy, Kannan R. R.; Picot, Carene M. N.; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi
    This study investigated into the polyphenolic content, antioxidant and enzyme (a-amylase, a-glucosidase, tyrosinase, acetylcholinesterase [AChE], and butyrylcholinesterase [BChE]) inhibitory activities of 12 extracts of the endemic Asphodeline cilicica (AC) Tuzlaci, from Turkey. The total phenolic content for the methanol and acetone extracts of AC roots were 56.52 and 52.96 mg GAEs/g extract, respectively. Both the acetone and methanol extracts of AC roots exhibited an important antioxidant capacity. Likewise, the acetone and methanol extracts of AC roots revealed to be the most potent scavengers of DPPH radical (58.25 and 58.78 mg TEs/g extract). Acetone extract of AC roots inhibited a-amylase showing an acarbose equivalent value (mmol ACAEs/g extract) of 0.27, while against a-glucosidase the value recorded was 2.30. The acetone and methanol extracts of the different plant parts of AC inhibited AChE and BChE, while no/poor activity was noted for the water extracts. In the present study, extracts of AC showed inhibitory activity against key enzymes involved in diabetes and neurodegenerative complications, thereby advocating for the need for in-depth studies geared towards the discovery of pharmacophores from this endemic plant. (c) 2018 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    A comparative in vitro and in silico study of the biological potential and chemical fingerprints of Dorcycinum pentapyllum subsp haussknechtii using three extraction procedures
    (ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY, 2017) Uysal, Şengül; Aktümsek, Abdurrahman; Picot, Carene M. N.; Sahan, Alime; Mollica, Adriano; Zengin, Gökhan; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi
    We probed into the effect of different extraction procedures (maceration, Soxhlet extraction, and ultrasonication) on the phytochemical profiles and bioactivities of ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts of Dorcycinum pentapyllum subsp. haussknechtii. The antioxidant (ABTS and DPPH), reducing power (CUPRAC and FRAP), phosphomolybdenum, metal chelation, and enzyme inhibitory activities (acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), tyrosinase, a-amylase, and a-glucosidase) were determined. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents together with the phenolic compounds were evaluated by RP-HPLC. Molecular modeling calculations were applied to relevant bioactive compounds observed in the extracts and docked to targeted enzymes used in order to elucidate their docking characteristics and possible interactions. The type of extraction technique was found to affect the concentration of phytochemicals (maceration, Soxhlet extraction, and ultrasonication gave 3052, 3616, and 3252 mg g(-1) extract, respectively). The highest values of the total phenolic content and antioxidant activities followed the same order, highlighting a possible relationship between strong antioxidant action and high phytochemical content. Ethyl acetate extracts were potent inhibitors of a-amylase while methanol extracts showed pronounced activity against a-glucosidase. Methanol extracts of D. pentapyllum were potent inhibitors of AChE. BChE was inhibited by water extracts. The best docking pose and DG binding energy calculations revealed that quercetin had a preference for a-amylase and AChE, whereas rutin was capable of docking efficaciously to BChE, a-glucosidase, and tyrosinase. Evidence from the present study advocates the need for exploring different extraction techniques in an endeavour to discover unique bioactive lead compounds that could target specific ailments.
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    Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Prospective of three Linum species: A Potential Source of Novel Anticancer Pharmacophores
    (BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD, 2018) Zengin, Gökhan; Picot, Carene M. N.; Aktümsek, Abdurrahman; Maskovic, Pavle Z.; Vujic, Jelena M.; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi
    The therapeutic potential of some Linum species has been reported previously. Nonetheless, several species of this genus warrant further scientific consideration. In this study, the phenolic composition, antioxidant activity (DPPH, phosphomolybdenum, iron chelating, hydroxyl radical and lipid peroxidation assays) and cytotoxicity effect (human rhabdomyosarcoma, human cervix carcinoma, and murine fibroblast cell lines) of ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts of three Linum species (Linum austriacum subsp. glaucescens, Linum hirsutum subsp. anatolicum, and Linum tenuifolium) were assessed. High performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) analysis revealed the presence of ferulic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, synapic acid, rutin, apigenin-glucoside, quercetin, luteolin, and naringenin in all the extracts. It was observed that the extracts (IC50 ranging from 42.07 to 51.66 mu g/mL) showed IC50 significantly (p<0.05) lower than ascorbic and gallic acid (> 1000 and 255.43 mu g/mL respectively) against lipid peroxidation. According to the American National Cancer Institute guidelines, the extracts showed low cytotoxicity (IC50 < 30 mu g/mL). However, the water extracts showed cytotoxicity effects (IC50 17.43 +/- 0.13 to 28.12 +/- 0.66 mu g/mL) against the studied cell lines as compared to the antineoplastic positive control (Cis-DDP). These findings support the use of these plants in the management of ROS mediated disorders and advocates for the need for further scientific evaluations to confirm the observed in vitro bioactivity. The cytotoxic potential coupled with the antioxidant property of the water extracts of these plant species is of particular interest which can open new avenues in the quest for novel anticancer drugs.