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Öğe A comparative study of the chemical composition, biological and multivariate analysis of Crotalaria retusa L. stem barks, fruits, and flowers obtained via different extraction protocols(ELSEVIER, 2020) Sinan, Kouadio Ibrahime; Saftic, Lara; Persuric, Zeljka; Pavelic, Sandra Kraljevic; Etienne, Ouattara Katinan; Picot-Allain, Marie Carene Nancy; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Zengin, GökhanCrotalaria retusa L (Fabaceae) also known as 'rattlebox' has been used in traditional medicine for the management of various human ailments. The present study comparatively evaluated the alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity, antioxidant properties, as well as phytochemical profiles of extracts of C. retusa (bark, fruits, and flowers) obtained by homogenization, maceration, ultrasonication, and Soxhlet extractions. Little variation was noted between the phytochemical profiles obtained by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) of C. retusa same plant parts extracted by different methods while the different plant parts showed specific phytochemical fingerprints. For instance, myricetin was identified in C. retusa fruits only. Fruit and bark extracts possessed the highest concentrations of quercetin and rutin, respectively. p-hydroxybenzoic acid, a phenolic derivative of benzoic acid, was identified in all C. retusa plant parts. Spectrophotometric determinations revealed that C. retusa bark extracts have highest concentrations of phenolic and flavonoids. Besides, C. retusa bark extracts showed highest antioxidant capacity. The extracts showed high inhibitory activity against alpha-glucosidase (21.22-4.81 mmol acarbose equivalent/g), acetylcholinesterase (8.71-8.26 mg galantamine equivalent/g), butyrylcholinesterase (4.16-2.36 mg galantamine equivalent/g), and tyrosinase (133.11-125.26 mg kojic acid equivalent/g). Multivariate component analysis showed that the plant part was the main factor responsible for the observed variability between the extracts. Data collected proved that C. retusa has the potential for the development of novel biopharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetical products. (C) 2019 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Impact of different extraction solvents and techniques on the biological activities of Cirsium yildizianum (Asteraceae: Cynareae)(ELSEVIER, 2020) Llorent-Martinez, Eulogio J.; Zengin, Gökhan; Sinan, Kouadio Ibrahime; Polat, Rıdvan; Canlı, Deniz; Picot-Allain, Marie Carene Nancy; Mahomoodally, Mohamad FawziSeveral Cirsium species have been used in folk medicine for the management of human ailments. However, there is a paucity of scientific data regarding their biological activity as in the case of the new species, C. yildizianum, from Anatolia, Turkey. The present study endeavours for the first time to appraise the antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activity of C. yildizianum. The phytochemical profiles of C. yildizianum extracts obtained using homogeniser-assisted extraction (HAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), Soxhlet extraction, maceration, decoction, and infusion, using methanol or water as extraction solvents, was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-ESI-MSn) analysis. In all extracts, flavonoids were the most abundant compounds, particularly luteolin and apigenin glycosides. HAE methanol extract presented the highest phenolic (37.10 mg gallic acid equivalent/g) and flavonoid (46.78 mg rutin equivalent/g) contents. Likewise, HAE-methanol extract showed potent radical scavenging (40.76 and 68.13 mg Trolox equivalent [TE]/g, for DPPH and ABTS, respectively) and reducing properties (127.62 and 89.95 mg TE/g, for CUPRAC and FRAP, respectively). HAE-methanol extract showed inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (3.57 mg galantamine equivalent [GALAE]/g). UAE-methanol extract was a potent inhibitor of butrylcholinesterase (BChE) (2.72 mg GALAE/g) and tyrosinase (121.06 mg kojic acid equivalent/g) However, poor inhibition was recorded for enzymes targeted in the management of diabetes type II, namely alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase. On the other hand, potent metal chelating property was observed for water extracts. This study provides comprehensive scientific information on the phytochemical profile of C. yildizianum extracted using different procedures and extraction solvents, which might be considered as valuable baseline data for future bioproducts development.Öğe Ricinodendron heudelotii (Baill.) Heckel stem barks and seed extracts, a native food plant from Africa: Characterization by NMR and HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn(ELSEVIER, 2020) Sut, Stefania; Dall'Acqua, Stefano; Bene, Kouadio; di Marco, Serena Barbon; Sinan, Kouadio Ibrahime; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Picot-Allain, Marie Carene Nancy; Zengin, GökhanRicinodendron heudelotii (Baill.) Heckle is used as food ingredient and in the African traditional medicine. In the present study inhibitory activity on alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and tyrosinase of ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts of R. heudelotii seeds and stem bark were assessed. Stem bark extracts exhibited significant antioxidant properties. Ethyl acetate extract of seed had great inhibitory potential against alpha-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLCDAD-ESI-MSn) analysis revealed the presence of catechin and gallic acid derivatives in bark while fatty acid in seeds. Multivariate analysis of obtained data was performed showing a clear separation between seed and stem bark. Obtained results indicate R. heudelotii stem bark as new starting materials for the development of novel pharmaceutical formulations.Öğe Syzgium coriaceum Bosser & J. Gueho-An endemic plant potentiates conventional antibiotics, inhibits clinical enzymes and induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells(ELSEVIER, 2020) Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Uğurlu, Aslı; Liorent-Martinez, Eulogio J.; Nagamootoo, Meenathee; Picot-Allain, Marie Carene Nancy; Baloğlu, Mehmet Cengiz; Altunoğlu, Yasemin Çelik; Hosenally, Muzzammil; Zengin, GökhanSyzygium species are renowned for being important reservoirs of phytochemicals with pharmaceutical and biomedical potential. However, no attempt has been made to delineate the pharmacological potential and phytochemical profile of Syzgtturt coriaceum Bosser & J. Gueho, an endemic plant to Mauritius. The present study aimed to determine the antibacterial, antioxidant, cytotoxicity, enzyme inhibitory and phytochemical profile of the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of S. coriaceum. Preliminary qualitative phytochemical study of the extracts showed the presence of phenol, tannins, and alkaloids. Chemical characterisation showed the presence of derivatives of tannins, gallic acids, quercetin, and kaempferol. Potentiating activity between S. coriaceum extracts and antibiotics (ampicillin and streptomycin) using the checkerboard method showed additive interaction. The extracts showed potent 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (2.95 and 2.93 mmol trolox equivalent (TE)/g sample for ethyl acetate and methanol extracts, respectively) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) (4.09 and 3.83 mmol TE/g sample for ethyl acetate and methanol extracts, respectively) scavenging abilities. Syzygium coriaceum extracts were active inhibitors of alpha-glucosidase (about 47 mmol acarbose equivalent/g sample for ethyl acetate and methanol extract). S. coriaceum methanol extract caused maximum inhibition against human breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231) cancer cells after 48 h treatment with the IC50 value of 53.41 mu g/mL. Expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl2 and BIRCS genes were down-regulated. It can be concluded that S. coriaceum extracts lead to YIDA-MB-231 cells apoptosis. This investigation has provided a comprehensive report of the biological and chemical profile of S. coriaceum. Collected scientific evidences can open new avenues for research and contributes towards establishing primary data on Syzygium species endemic to Mauritius for bioprospection of novel phytopharmaceuticals.Öğe Utilisation of Rhododendron luteum Sweet bioactive compounds as valuable source of enzymes inhibitors, antioxidant, and anticancer agents(PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2020) Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Sieniawska, Elwira; Sinan, Kouadio Ibrahime; Picot-Allain, Marie Carene Nancy; Yerlikaya, Şerife; Baloğlu, Mehmet Cengiz; Altunoğlu, Yasemin Çelik; Şenkardeş, İsmail; Rengasamy, Kannan R. R.; Zengin, GökhanEthnobotanical evidences report the use of Rhododendron luteum Sweet (Ericaceae) in traditional medicinal systems. However, R. luteum has been associated to the occurrence of 'mad honey' poisoning. In the present study, the ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts of R. luteum were investigated for their in vitro antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, and cytotoxic properties. The cytotoxicity of R. luteum extracts on A549 lung cancer cell line was evaluated using MTT cell viability assay. Besides, HPLC-ESI-MSn approach was employed to elucidate the secondary metabolite profiles of R. luteum in order to establish any structure-activity relationship. Methanol and water extracts of R. luteum possessed highest radical scavenging and reducing properties while the ethyl acetate extract showed highest metal chelating properties. In terms of enzyme inhibition, the methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of R. luteum, possessing epigallocatechin, were active inhibitors of cholinesterase enzymes, a-glucosidase, and tyrosinase. Water extract caused growth inhibition of A549 cells with 207.2 mu g/ml IC50 value. Though R. luteum has received little scientific attention due to the occurrence of grayanotoxins in the plant, however, data presented in this work shows promising biological activity of R. luteum and highlighted its role as a potential source of antioxidant and key enzyme inhibitors.
