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    Biological Activity of Extracts of Traditional Wild Medicinal Plants from the Balkan Peninsula
    (ELSEVIER, 2019) Vujanovic, Milena; Zengin, Gökhan; Durovic, Saša; Maskovic, Pavle; Cvetanovic, Aleksandra; Radojkovic, Marija
    The aim of the present study was to investigate antioxidant, cytotoxic and enzyme-inhibitory activities of wild growing medicinal herbs in the Balkan Peninsula (Morus nigra L., Symphytum officinale L., Sambucus nigra L., Teucrium chamaedrys L. and Teucrium montanum L.). Notably, antioxidant activity of investigated plant species was confirmed through several assays including free radical scavenging (ABTS), reducing power (CUPRAC), phosphomolybdenum and metal chelating test. Cytotoxic activity was evaluated using three different cell lines: Hep2c, RD and L2OB. S. officinale L. and S. nigra L. showed the highest cytotoxic activity. All studied extracts exhibited remarkable inhibitory effects on tested enzymes. S. nigra L. and T. chamaedrys L. exhibited the strongest tyrosinase inhibitory effects (26.62 +/- 0.77 extract and 14.72 +/- 0.41 mgKAEs/g, respectively), while S. officinale L. was the most potent in terms on a-glucosidase inhibition (11.47 +/- 0.05 mmol ACAE/g extract). The obtained results indicate that the extracts of the tested wild grown plants could be used which can be explored as natural medicines for the promotion of health. (c) 2018 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Multidirectional Approaches on Autofermented Chamomile Ligulate Flowers: Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic and Enzyme Inhibitory Effects
    (ELSEVIER, 2019) Cvetanovic, Aleksandra; Zekovic, Zoran; Zengin, Gökhan; Maskovic, Pavle; Petronijevic, Mirjana; Radojkovic, Marija
    In the frame of the present paper the enzymatic transformation of apigenin-glucosides into free aglycone was achieved by autofermentation of chamomile ligulate flowers (CLF). Antioxidant properties of the autofermented CLF (A-CLF) extract were evaluated by their radical scavenging activity against hydroxyl radicals and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Obtained results showed that A-CLF extract in a concentration of 0.84 mg/mL was able to inhibit 50% of hydroxyl radicals, while IC50 value in the case of inhibition of lipid peroxidation was 5.21 mg/mL. Antimicrobial activity was done by measuring minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for eight microbial strains. Obtained MIC values (9.75-156.25 mu g/mL) confirmed high antibacterial and antifungal activities of the extract. Cytotoxic activity was done by using three histological different cell lines: Hep2C; RD and L2OB. Obtained IC50 values for these cell lines were: 28.72; 17.31 and 10.92, respectively. Furthermore, in vitro investigation of the A-CLF ability to inhibit selected enzymes (alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, tyrosinase) was done as well. Determined activities against alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase were 0.94 and 3.24 mmol ACAE/g, respectively. Further, measured activity against tyrosinase was 0.69 mg KAEs/g indicating high enzyme-inhibitory activity of examined sample. Results demonstrated that A-CLF extracts showed considerable pharmacological activity. (c) 2018 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Optimization of the Extraction Process of Antioxidants from Orange Using Response Surface Methodology
    (SPRINGER, 2016) Maskovic, Pavle Z.; Diamanto, Lazari D.; Cvetanovic, Aleksandra; Radojkovic, Marija; Spasojevic, Miroslav B.; Zengin, Gökhan
    Different extraction conditions may significantly influence extraction of particular compound groups. In the present study, response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box-Behnken design was used to define the best combination of extraction temperature (20-60 A degrees C), ethanol concentration (10-90 %) and extraction time (60-180 min) for maximum yield of antioxidant compounds and maximum antioxidant activity of orange extracts. Experimental values of total phenol yields were in the range from 3.10 to 3.72 mgGAE/ml, while total flavonoid content was in the range from 1.42 to 2.13 mgRE/ml. Antioxidant activity expressed as the 50 % inhibition concentration (IC50 value) was in the range from 0.03 to 0.04 mg/ml. The experimental results were fitted to a second-order quadratic polynomial model, and they have shown a good fit to the proposed model (R (2) > 0.90). Determined optimized conditions for maximizing yield of antioxidant compounds were within the experimental range.