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Öğe Diagnostic Importance of Elisa and Haemagglutination Inhibition Tests in Canine Parvoviral Infection of Dogs(Indian Veterinary Journal, 2000) Ok, M.; Sen, İ.; Birdane, F. M.; Güzelbektaş, H.; Turgut, K.Canine Parvovirus (CPV) was first recognised in 1978 as the causative agent of a new canine disease syndrome characterised by myocarditis and haemorrhagic mucoidal enteritis (Appel et al., 1979). CPV infections had been reported in 50 countries around the world (Houston et al., 1996), CPV is an autonomous parvovirus similar to feline panleukopenia and mink enteritis virus. Myocarditis form is often fatal in puppies 4-8 weeks of age (Robinson et al., 1979). Enteritis form is characterised by acute, severe diarrhoea, vomiting and leukopenia (Hoskins, 1997). Canine parvoviral enteritis can not be unequivocally diagnosed clinically. Laboratory diagnosis of CPV enteritis depends upon detection of specific antibody in serum or the presence of virus in faeces (Pollock and Carmichael, 1990).Öğe Evaluation of Ultrasonographic and Morphologic Liver Changes in Dogs With Steroid Hepatopathy(Indian Veterinary Journal, 2001) Şen, İsmail; Turgut, K.; Hatipoğlu, Fatih; Ok, M.; Civelek, T.[Abstract not Available]Öğe Gastric emptying of nondigestible radiopaque markers aftermodified circumcostal gastropexy in the dog(2004) Arıcan, M.; Erol, M.; Uyaroğlu, A.; Köylü, Ö.; Turgut, K.Gastrik dilatasyon-volvulus (GDV); acil medikal ve cerrahi müdahaleye ihtiyaç duyan, etiyolojisi tam olarak bilinmeyen, hayati öneme sahip, öldürücü, akut bir sendromdur. Bazı hekimler tarafından, sirkumkostal gastropeksi tekniği, gerginliği koruması açısından gastrik dilatasyon-volvulus'un cerrahi yönden sağlatımı için en iyi teknik olarak bildirilmiştir. Gastrik boşalma zamanlarının belirlenmesi için radyopak materyallerin katı gıdalarla alınmasını takiben, mideyi terk etme zamanları gösterecektir. Bu çalışmada, modifiye edilerek hazırlanan radyopak maddelerin kullanılması köpeklerdeki sirkumkostal gastropeksi sonundaki gastrik boşalma zamanlarım belirledi. Bu çalışmanın amacı sirkumkostal gastropeksi operasyonu sonucu sindirilemeyen modifiye radyopak materyallerin kullanılarak gastrik boşalma zamanlarını belirlemektir. Sonuç olarak, Modifiye sirkumkostal gastropeksi operasyonu, teknik açıdan kolay ve çabuk uygulanabilir. Operasyonu takiben 3.günde gastrik boşalmayı engellemediği gösterilmiştir. Modifiye sirkumkostal tekniğin cerrahi ve Profılaktik amaçlar için kullanabileceği önerilmiştir.Öğe The Importance of Lymphocyte Enzyme Profile, Inclusion Bodies in Circulating Leucocytes and Conjunctival Smear Samples in the Diagnosis on Canine Distemper Virus Infection(Indian Veterinary Journal, 2002) Şen, İsmail ; Turgut, K.; Çelik, İlhami; Kıran, M. M.[Abstract not Available]Öğe Plasma Gastrin Activity and the Diagnosis of Bleeding Abomasal Ulcers in Cattle(BLACKWELL VERLAG GMBH, 2001) Ok, M.; Şen, I.; Turgut, K.; Irmak, K.The present study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of plasma gastrin determinations as a diagnostic aid and to review the clinical and haematological findings in cattle with bleeding abomasal ulcers. Twenty-nine cows with bleeding abomasal ulcers and six healthy cows were used. Clinical and laboratory examinations, including plasma gastrin levels, were Performed. Anorexia, depression, dark-coloured to black faeces, pale mucous membranes, abdominal pain, moderate tachycardia and tachypnoea were the most pronounced clinical symptoms in the cattle with bleeding abomasal ulcers. Plasma gastrin concentration was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the cattle with bleeding abomasal ulcers than in healthy cows. ne mean plasma gastrin concentration in healthy, cattle was 103.2 pg/ml, while the mean plasma gastrin concentrations in cattle with bleeding abomasal ulcers were found to be 213.6 pg/ml. Haemoglobin levels, packed cell volume, total white blood cell count and mean corpuscular volume were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the cows with bleeding abomasal ulcer than in the healthy cattle. The results of this study show that measurement of plasma gastrin can be useful in the diagnosis of bleeding abomasal ulcers in cattle.Öğe Pre and Postprandial Total Serum Bile Acid Concentration Following Acute Liver Damage in Dogs(BLACKWELL WISSENSCHAFTS-VERLAG GMBH, 1997) Turgut, K.; Demir, C.; Ok, M.; Çiftçi, K.The importance of preprandial and postprandial total bile acids were investigated in dogs with liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) administration. Six healthy and mature dogs were used. After base-line clinical and biochemical examinations, hepatocellular damage was induced by oral CCl4 administration. Determinations of plasma total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), total and direct bilirubin (TBil, DBil), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) along with histologic ex-amination of the livers 10 days following CCl4 administration were conducted to ensure that hepatic damage was in fact induced by the CCl4 administration. Twelve h fasting preprandial and 2 h postprandial serum total bile acids (PRSBA, POSBA) concentrations were also measured. The median plasma TP, Alb, TBil and DBil concentrations did nor show any difference (P > 0.05) during the study. Plasma ALT activities increased significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) between on the 3rd and 10th days of the experiment. The median serum values of PRSBA and POSBA were significantly different (P < 0.01) on the first day and continued to be different during the experiment. In conclusion, POSBA seemed to be more reliable than PRSBA in the diagnosis of hepatic necrosis.Öğe Role of Gastrin in the Aetiology of Abomasal Displacement in Dairy Cows(BRITISH VETERINARY ASSOC, 2002) Şen, I.; Ok, M.; Turgut, K.; Birdane, Fatih Mehmet; Güzelbektaş, H.It was considered that this incident posed no risk to the human food chain because the animals were already prohibited from sale for human consumption by the long withdrawal period of this anthlemintic. In addition, the worst-affected lambs had been culled for postmortem examination. However, a routine report was completed under the Suspected Adverse Reaction Surveillanice Scheme for the Veteriniary Medicines Directorate.Öğe Sensitivity of the Urine Amylase-Creatinine Ratio and Amylase-Creatinine Clearance Ratio in the Diagnosis of Acute Pancreatitis in Dogs(2001) Turgut, K.; Çankaya, H.; Şen, I.; Kıran, M. M.The sensitivity of urine amylase-creatinine (Uamy-Ucr) ratio, amylase-creatinine clearance ratio (ACCR), serum amylase (S-amy) and lipase (S-lip) enzyme activities were analysed in 7 dogs with experimentally induced acute pancreatitis (EIP) and in 5 sham-operated control dogs (SOC). The median Uamy-Ucr ratios, S-amy and S-lip activities increased significantly on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 5th days of the experiment in the EIP group of dogs while the median ACCR increased with statistical significance on the 2nd day of the experiment only. When the test performance was evaluated, the sensitivity of S-lip, Uamy-Ucr ratio, S-amy and ACCR were 93%, 86%, 56% and 36% respectively, when cut off values for S-lip> 350 U/L, for Uamy-Ucr ration of >5, for S-amy of > 1800 U/L and for ACCR of >0.6 were used. In conclusion, it was found that S-lip ativity together with Uamy-Ucr ratio could be an useful diagnostic tool for canine acute pancreatitis.Öğe The Studies on the Aetiology of Diarrhoea in Neonatal Calves and Determination of Virulence Gene Markers of Escherichia coli Strains by Multiplex PCR(WILEY, 2009) Ok, M.; Guler, L.; Turgut, K.; Ok, U.; Sen, I.; Gunduz, I. K.; Birdane, M. F.The purpose of this study was to determine aetiological agents of diarrhoea in neonatal calves and to investigate virulence gene markers of Escherichia coli strains isolated from calves by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Eighty-two diarrhoeic calves and 18 healthy calves were used as subjects. Faeces were taken from the rectums of all the calves and were subjected to bacterial culture. Antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect rotavirus, coronavirus and E. coli K99 in faeces of all the calves. A multiplex PCR was used to characterize E. coli strains in all the calves. Escherichia coli was isolated from 37 faeces samples, Enterococcus ssp. was isolated from 22 faeces samples and Salmonella was isolated from one faeces sample in diarrhoeic calves. Furthermore, only E. coli was isolated from all 18 faeces samples of healthy calves. Of the 37 E. coli isolated from diarrhoeic calves, K99 (18.9%), F41 (18.9%), heat-stable enterotoxin a (STa) (18.9%), Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1; 13.5%) and Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2; 5.4%) and intimin (8.1%) genes were identified by multiplex PCR. Of the 18 E. coli isolated from healthy calves, K99 (16.6%) and intimin (55.5%) genes were identified by PCR. A total of 15 rotavirus, 11 coronavirus and 11 E. coli K99 were detected in diarrhoeic calves by the antigen ELISA. As a result, this study shows that rotavirus, coronavirus, E. coli and Enterococcus ssp. were determined to play a role in the aetiology of diarrhoea in the neonatal calves. K99, F41, STa, Stx1 and Stx2 were found as the most common virulence gene markers of E. coli strains isolated from calves with diarrhoea. Multiplex PCR may be useful for characterization of E. coli isolated from calves.Öğe Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Kidney Damage in Dog with Gentamicin Nephrotoxicity(1996) Turgut, K.; Maden, M.; Şen, I.; Çiftçi, M. KemalAcute tubular necrosis was induced by experimental gentamicin nephrotoxicity to follow and describe the changes in ultrasonographic appearance of the kidney. Sonograms were evaluated for information on size, shape and renal structure, specifically including focal, multifocal, or diffuse alterations in renal cortical, medullar, sinusal and perinephric echogenity and intensity (compared to that of the splenic and hepatic paranchmys). Following 12 hours of no feeding, clinical, biochemical and ultrasonographic examinations were conducted and then gentamicin sulphate (10 mg/kg body weight, t.i.d.) was injected for 10 consecutive days. The clinical states of the dogs were observed, and urine dip stick examinations, microscopic examination of urine sediment biochemical [blood: BUN, serum creatinine (CR), albumin PO4-,Na+,K+ concentrations; urine: total protein (TP) and creatinine concentrations, N-acetyl-?-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), ?-glutamly transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphates (ALP) activities and their creatinine rations, fractional clearences of Ca2+, PO4-, Na+,K+] analysis and ultrasonographic examinations of the kidneys were performed every other day for 15 days. Heamaturia, proteinuria, glucosuria and granular casts in the microscopic examination of urine sediment were first determined on the 8th day of the experiment BUN, serum CR and PO4- and K+ concentrations were significantly increased on the 3rd, 9th, and 13th days of the experiment respectively (p<0.01). Significant decreases in serum albumin and Na+ concentrations were respectively determined on the 7th and 9th days of te experiment (p<0.01). The urine TP/CR rate had significantly increased on the 9th day of the experimet (p<0.01). Significant increases in the GGT/CR (p<0.01). NAG/CR (p<0.01) and ALP/CR (p<0.05) rates were respectively observed on the 7th and 13th days of the experiment. Significant increases in the fractional clearances of PO4-, Ca2+, K+ and Na+ were respectively determined on the 7th, 9th and 13th days of the experiment (p<0.01). Characteristic ultrasonographic changes were observed in all dogs after the 8th day of the experiment The longitudinal and transversal length of both kidneys increased respectively from 5.79±0.18 cm and 3.05±0.15 cm for the left kidney, and 6.09±0.35 cm and 3.28±0.19 cm for the right kidney before the experiment, to 6.84±0.46 cm and 3.93±0.18 cm for the left and 6.34±0.53 cm and 3.99±0.49 cm for the right on the 11th day of the experiment. Hyperechoic cortex (compared to that spleen and liver) with distinguishable normal hypoechoic medullar papilla was determined. There was an enhancement in corticomedullar demarcation No focal or multifocal alterations were observed. On the basis of this study, nephrosonography seems to be a reliable method for detecting diffuse renal alterations (tubular nephrosis) and diagnosing diffuse renopathies in clinical cases.Öğe Ultrasonographic Findings in Cows With Left and Right Displacement of Abomasum(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2002) Ok, Mahmut; Arıcan, Mustafa; Turgut, K.The purpose of this study was to determine the position appearance of the abomasurn of 20 displace of left and 15 right by ultrasonograhy. Thus, this investigation was also carried out to determine the clinical features of abomasal displacement. The hair was clipped over the from 11th-12th intercostal spaces on the left side and the area was examined ventrally to dorsally with 3.5 MHz and 5MHz transducer held ventra-cranial to the ribs. The similar procedure has been done for right side. After than, the displace abomasum could be visualised from both sides either left or right flanks, The abomasum could be clearly differentiated from adjacent organs because of its contents, which appeared as a heterogeneous moderately echogenic structure with echogenic stippling, However, the wall of the abomasum appeared it at all as a narrow echogenic line. Parts of the abomasal folds were visible occasionally as echogenic structures within the abomasum. Slow movement of the feed in the abomasum was also often visualised. This study shows that ultrasonography is a valuable supplementary technique for the assessment of the left and right displacement of abomasum.