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Öğe The Dairy Cattle Behaviors and Time Budget and Barn Area Usage in Freestall Housing(MEDWELL ONLINE, 2010) Uzal, Selda; Uğurlu, NuhThe design of appropriate housing for cow comfort is important to increase animal production. This study was carried out to determine annual time budget and shelter area usage of cows between 2006 and 2008 in Konya-Turkey. Behavior of animals (n = 24) and barn area usage of dairy cattle was investigated freestall dairy housings. Behavior of cows was observed by recording during 24 h of a day with video cameras mounted at suitable places in barn parts. The animals behaviors related to barn area choice were investigated and seasonal variation of dairy cattle housing area usage observed during to 10 days for each season. Annually average barn area usage of dairy cattle were determined as 3.33 h cubicle, 12.22 h courtyard, 1.30 h scraped alley, 6.09 h feeding, 1.06 h watering and milking area in freestall housing. The effect of season on the time budget activity of dairy cattle was important. Lying behaviors of dairy cattle decreased from 50.9% (summer) to 40.5% (winter). Dairy cattle spent their time about >50% in open area as courtyard. The annually time budget of dairy cattle were found as 45.4% lying, g, 13.7% standing, 25.4% feeding, 1.7% drinking, 9.9% walking, 2.6% milking and 1.3% other behaviors in the research. The present study showed that well design of courtyard, resting and feeding areas very important for animal production and welfare as well as cattle management.Öğe The Effect of New Designed Micro Animal Housing on the Air Speed Distribution in the Barn for Providing of Climatic Comfort to the Cattles(MEDWELL ONLINE, 2010) Uğurlu, Nuh; Uzal, SeldaIn the research, a new animal housing was designed and built in Konya, Turkey. In the new design for the open loose system of beef and of milk cattle, the structural stress was decreased for the animals by planning new areas, in which they can use during different seasons. The air speed distributions inside the shelter were analyzed in the building for obtaining climatic comfort. According to the research results, when the wind came perpendicularly, diagonally and with 90 degrees angle to the barn, the following inside air speeds of 0.07, 0.53 and 0.39 in sec(-1) were obtained for outside speeds of 2.81, 4.18 and 2.41 in sec(-1), respectively. The wind speed was decreased between 85-97% in new designed housing system.Öğe Islak Ped Sistemiyle Serinletmenin Performans Verileri ve Kafes Sistem Kümes İç Sıcaklığının Düşürülmesine Etkisi(Tübitak, 2000) Uğurlu, Nuh; Kara, MehmetThis study was carried out in a cage house of the commercial egg company in the Konya Province. The cage house capacity was 36762 layers. Eight exhaust fans with a capacity of 40000 m3/h were installed on the end walls in the house. Twenty-four cellulose evaporative cooling pads, each one 1.20 m high × 1.80 m long × 100 mm thick were mounted on the side walls. In this system cooling pads served as air inlets, and evaporative cooling was supplied when dry and hot air flowed into the pads. The temperature of cooled air was decreased by 4.2-16.2°C relative to the outside daily maximum temperatures. The average reduction of cooled air temperature was 10.6°C. The evaporative cooling efficiency of pads was found to be 87.5 % on average for Konya conditions. The cage house interior temperatures were decreased between 5.4-6.4°C when outside temperatures were 30°C or higher.Öğe Islak Ped Sistemiyle Serinletmenini Performans Verileri ve Kafes Sistem Kümes İç Sıcaklığının Düşürülmesine Etkisi(2000) Uğurlu, Nuh; Kara, MehmetThis study was carried out in a cage house of the commercial egg company in the Konya Province. The cage house capacity was 36762 layers. Eight exhaust fans with a capacity of 40000 m 3 /h were installed on the end walls in the house. Twenty-four cellulose evaporative cooling pads, each one 1.20 m high x 1.80 m long x 100 mm thick were mounted on the side walls. In this system cooling pads served as air inlets, and evaporative cooling was supplied when dry and hot air flowed into the pads. The temperature of cooled air was decreased by 4.2-16.2\circC relative to the outside daily maximum temperatures. The average reduction of cooled air temperature was 10.6\circC. The evaporative cooling efficiency of pads was found to be 87.5 % on average for Konya conditions. The cage house interior temperatures were decreased between 5.4-6.4\circC when outside temperatures were 30\circC or higher.Öğe Konya ilindeki yumurta tavuğu işletmelerinde kümeslerin teknik ve tasarım özellikleri yönünden değerlendirilmesi(Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 1998-03-10) Uğurlu, Nuh; Kara, MehmetBu araştırma Konya ilinde yumurta tavukçuluğu yapan 49 işletmeden seçilen 68 adet kümeste yürütülmüştür. Kümeslerde barınak ve ekipman tasarımı, yapıların teknik özellikleri, ısı-nem dengesi analizleri ve sulama, yemleme ve gübre temizleme sistemleri incelenmiştir. Genellikle kümes tasarım şekillerinin iş ve yapı ekonomisi ile iklimlendirme açısından uygun olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Kafesler genellikle sığ kafes şeklinde tasar lanmış olup, kümeslerin % 73.5'inde kafes yerleşim sıklığı 315-423 cm^/tav. arasındadır. Yapılarda sadece çatılarda yalıtım yapılmış olup, kümeslerin ortalama ısı geçirme katsayısı 0.97 Kcal/m2°C h'dır. Barınak yerleşim sıklığı kümeslerin % 78'inde 25.43 tav./m2 ve birim tavuğa düşen yapı hacmi ise genellikle (% 62) 0.15-0.20 m^/tav. arasındadır. Kış mevsimi ısı-nem dengesi bütün yapılarda negatif çıkmıştır. Bölge için geçiş mevsimi havalandırma miktarı 2.60-4.47 m^/h tav. ve yaz mevsimi havalandırma kapasitesi ise 6.58-22.40 ve? Ih tav. arasında bulunmuştur.Öğe Konya yöresi büyükbaş hayvan barınaklarının yapısal durumu ve sorunlarının tespiti(Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 1993-06-23) Uğurlu, Nuh; Kara, MehmetBu araştırma Konya ve bazı ilçelerindeki bağlı-duraklı süt ve besi sığın barınaklarının yapısal durumlarının tesbiti amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın yapılmasında bölgeyi temsil edebilecek şekilde 33 adet hayvancılık işletmesi seçilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda barınaklarda fiziki yapının genellikle yetersiz olduğu, çoğunda da planlama hatalarının bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Hayvanlar için gerekli çevre şartlan yetersiz olup, özellikle havalandırma bacası kesit alanları ahırların tama mında olması gerekenin altındadır.Öğe Production Performance of Caged Layers Under Different Environmental Temperatures(EUGEN ULMER GMBH CO, 2002) Uğurlu, Nuh; Acar, Bilal; Topak, RamazanThe objective of the present experiment was set to investigate the effects of temperature variations on egg production, feed intake, number of cracked eggs, egg shell strength, egg weight, body weight, mortality rates, and manure moisture content in caged layers. The experiment was conducted in three different environmental temperatures, namely cool, temperate, and warm regions. The mean temperatures obtained from these three regions were measured as 21.4 degreesC, 22.6 degreesC, and 27.6 degreesC, respectively during the experiment. As the environmental temperatures increased egg production was decreased. With in creasing environmental temperature from 21.4 degreesC to 27.6 degreesC, feed intake of layers decreased from 113.3 g/hen to 96.5 g/hen. The relationships with environmental temperature. egg production and feed consumption were significant (P < .01). Increasing of environmental temperatures resulted in lower egg weights. An adverse relationship between temperature and number of cracked egg was observed. Body weights were higher in the cool region in comparison to warm region.Öğe Seasonal and Annual Changes of Some Climate Factors in Different Areas of Loose Dairy Cattle Barns(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2022) Suci, Elif Şahin; Uğurlu, NuhThis study was conducted to determine the changes of some climatic factors throughout the year in different barn areas in a loose system dairy cattle shelter. For this, digital temperature-humidity meters were placed on different shelter areas, and measurements were made for a year. By developing a different and new model as well as the maximum, minimum and average values in a certain time period in five different areas of the shelter, the temperature and humidity values were categorized into specific groups (stressful, slightly stressful, suitable, etc.) and it was determined how long the animals were exposed to what temperature and humidity values. According to the results, the animals were exposed to temperatures between 5-25 °C for approximately 80% of their time in the spring and autumn seasons, 40% in the winter season, and 50-55% in the summer season. At optimum temperatures (10-20 °C), the animals spent approximately 50% of their total time in spring and autumn, 20% in summer, and 15% in winter. Animals were exposed to heat stress (ti?32 °C) for only 5-7% of their total time in summer and to cold stress (ti <-5 °C) for only 6-14% of the time in winter. Dairy cattle were found to spend 60% of their annual total time in the appropriate temperature range and approximately 33% of the annual time in the optimum temperature range. Animals were exposed to heat stress and cold stress for about 6-7% and 2-3%, respectively of their total time per year. Animals were exposed to the relative humidity in the range of 40-90%, for approximately 50- 60% of their total time throughout the year. According to the results of the research, it was determined that open system shelters planned to protect animals from cold in winter and heat in summer, not create a significant climatic stress on animals.
