İdari İrtifaklar
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
İdari irtifak kavramı, idare hukuku içtihatları sonucunda ortaya çıkmış soyut bir
kavramdır. Çıkış noktası medeni hukuktaki irtifak uygulamasına dayanmaktadır. Nitekim
idari irtifaklar da özel taşınmaz üzerindeki mülkiyet hakkını sınırlamaktadır. Ancak idari
irtifaklar, medeni irtifaklardan daha farklı anlamlara ve geniş bir içeriğe sahiptir. En başta
idari irtifaklar, kamu yararı ve kamu gücü ilkelerine dayanır. Bundan dolayı idari irtifaklar
ve medeni irtifaklar arasında teknik anlamda ve hukuki çerçeve bakımından birçok farklılık
oluşmaktadır. Türk hukukunda bu farklılık yeterince anlaşılamadığı için idari irtifaklar yer
yer isabetli olmayan değerlendirmelere konu olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada idari irtifaklar bir
idare hukuku kurumu olarak teorik ve pratik açıdan incelenmekte, ayrıca Türk hukukundaki
idari irtifak uygulamalarına yer verilmektedir. Genel olarak idari irtifakların gelişim süreci,
özellikleri, ilkeleri, sonuçları ve Türk hukukunda yansımaları açıklanmaktadır.
Bu kapsamda idari irtifaklar kamu yararına veya kamu malları yararına özel
taşınmazlar üzerinde uygulanan kamu hukuku sınırlamalarıdır. Özel kanunlarla düzenlenir.
İdari tasarruflarla hayata geçirilir. Tapu siciline kaydedilmeden etkinlik kazanır. İdari
irtifakların ihlali idari yaptırımları doğurur ve bunun sonucunda idari yargı görevli olur. İlgili
kanunun ya da idari işlemin ortadan kalkmasıyla idari irtifaklar son bulur. Medeni
irtifaklarda olduğu gibi anlaşmalarla ortadan kaldırılamaz. Kamu hukuku sınırlaması olarak
idari irtifak ve benzeri uygulamaların çeşitli ülkelerde örnekleri bulunmaktadır. Özellikle
Fransa ve İsviçre’deki uygulamalar bu konuda örnek niteliğindedir. İdari irtifaklar kamu
mallarının korunması, kamu hizmetlerinin gerektiği gibi sürdürülmesi ve kamu düzeninin
sağlanması gibi yararlar barındırır. Bu bakımdan imar alanlarıyla ilgili, nakil ve geçiş
hatlarıyla ilgili, kültür ve tabiat alanlarıyla ilgili, askeri alanlarla ilgili, havaalanlarıyla ilgili
ve karayollarıyla ilgili idari irtifaklar geniş bir uygulama alanına sahiptir.
Administrative law jurisprudence has revealed the concept of administrative easement. In this respect, the concept of administrative easement is an abstract concept. The starting point is based on the practice of easement in civil law. As a matter of fact, administrative easements create limitations on private real estate ownership. However, administrative easements are broader than civil law easements and differ in content. First of all, administrative easements arise from the principle of public interest and the principle of public power. Therefore, there are many juristic and technic differences between administrative easements and civil law easements. In Turkish law, the difference between the two subjects is not known enough and therefore wrong analyzes are made. In this study, administrative easements as a subject of administrative law are examined theoretically and practically. In addition, the areas where administrative easements are applied in Turkish law are mentioned. The development process, features, principles and results of the concept are explained and the situation of administrative easements in Turkish law is shown. In this context, administrative easements are public law restrictions applied to private immovables for the public interest or public property. Administrative easements are regulated by special laws. It is not required to be registered in the land registry for its implementation. Administrative sanctions arise if the rules regarding administrative easements are violated. As a result, disputes occur in which the administrative judiciary is in charge. Administratif easements end with the nullity of the special law or administrative act to which it is bound. It cannot be eliminated by agreement. It is seen that administrative easements and similar restrictions are applied in some countries. France and Switzerland are examples. The benefits of administrative easements include the protection of public property, public order and maintenance of public services. In this respect, administrative servitudes related to zoning, transmission lines and passing lines, cultural and natural areas, military areas, airports, highways are applied intensively.
Administrative law jurisprudence has revealed the concept of administrative easement. In this respect, the concept of administrative easement is an abstract concept. The starting point is based on the practice of easement in civil law. As a matter of fact, administrative easements create limitations on private real estate ownership. However, administrative easements are broader than civil law easements and differ in content. First of all, administrative easements arise from the principle of public interest and the principle of public power. Therefore, there are many juristic and technic differences between administrative easements and civil law easements. In Turkish law, the difference between the two subjects is not known enough and therefore wrong analyzes are made. In this study, administrative easements as a subject of administrative law are examined theoretically and practically. In addition, the areas where administrative easements are applied in Turkish law are mentioned. The development process, features, principles and results of the concept are explained and the situation of administrative easements in Turkish law is shown. In this context, administrative easements are public law restrictions applied to private immovables for the public interest or public property. Administrative easements are regulated by special laws. It is not required to be registered in the land registry for its implementation. Administrative sanctions arise if the rules regarding administrative easements are violated. As a result, disputes occur in which the administrative judiciary is in charge. Administratif easements end with the nullity of the special law or administrative act to which it is bound. It cannot be eliminated by agreement. It is seen that administrative easements and similar restrictions are applied in some countries. France and Switzerland are examples. The benefits of administrative easements include the protection of public property, public order and maintenance of public services. In this respect, administrative servitudes related to zoning, transmission lines and passing lines, cultural and natural areas, military areas, airports, highways are applied intensively.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kamu Yararı, İrtifak, Taşınmaz Mülkiyeti, Kamu Malları, Kamu Hizmeti, Public Interest, Easement, Immovable Property, Public Property, Public Service
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Özdemir, Y., (2023). İdari İrtifaklar. (Doktora Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Konya.
