Çerezlik kabakta (Cucurbita pepo L.) haploid ve dihaploid hatların eldesi
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Tarih
2020
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Kabak (Cucurbita pepo L.) farklı tüketim şekillerinin yanında Türkiye' de çerezlik tüketime yönelik olarak da üretilmektedir. Türkiye'de çerezlik kabak tarımı yaygınlaşma eğilimindedir. Özellikle 2000'li yıllardan sonra gerek üretim alanı ve gerekse üretim miktarı açısından hızlı bir ivme kazanmıştır. Son rakamlara göre çekirdek kabak ekim alanları 73.789 da olup, elde edilen verim yaklaşık 55 bin tondur (TUİK, 2018). Türkiye'de F1 çerezlik kabak çeşitlerine ihtiyaç vardır. Bu amaçla, 77 adet genotipin bitkisel materyal olarak kullanıldığı araştırmamızda ışınlanmış polen tekniği yardımıyla haploid ve dihaploid hat eldesi amaçlanmıştır. Kullanılan ışın dozları 100 ve 150 Gy olmuştur. Tozlama çalışmalarında 100 Gy dozunda 74 çiçek tozlanmış, 39 meyve elde edilmiş ve meyve tutum oranı %52.7 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Ortalama meyve ağırlığı 405 g ile 3760 g arasında olmuştur. 150 Gy dozunda 70 çiçek tozlanmış, 35 meyve elde edilmiş, meyve tutum oranı %50 olmuştur. Ortalama meyve ağırlığı ise 602 g ile 4205 g arasında belirlenmiştir. 100 Gy dozunda 39 meyveden 9301 adet tohum ve 244 adet embriyo elde edilmiştir. Meyve başına tohum sayısı 238 ve meyve başına embriyo sayısı 6.3 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. 150 Gy dozundan ise 35 meyvede 8774 tohum sayılmış ve 234 adet embriyo çıkarılmıştır. Meyve başına tohum sayısı 250.7 adet ve meyve başına embriyo sayısı 6.7 adet olarak gerçekleşmiştir. 100 Gy ışın dozundan elde edilmiş olan 244 adet embriyodan 136 adedi köklenmiş, 54'ü bitkiye dönüşmüş ve şaşırtılmış, 44'ü dış koşullara alıştırılarak yaşatılabilmiştir. Bitkiye dönüşüm oranı ise %18.0 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. 150 Gy ışın dozundan elde edilmiş olan 234 adet embriyodan 99 adedi köklenmiş, 67'si bitkiye dönüşmüş ve şaşırtılmış, 51'i dış koşullara alıştırılarak yaşatılabilmiştir. Bitkiye dönüşüm oranı ise %21.8 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Sonuç olarak, toplamda elde edilen 478 embriyodan; 235 tanesi köklenmiş, 121 tanesi bitkiye dönüşmüş ve şaşırtılmış, 95'i dış koşullara alıştırılarak yaşatılmış, bitkiye dönüşüm oranı ise %19.9 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Ploidi tespitlerinde 63 bitki gözlemlenmiş, 100 Gy dozundan 3 ve 150 Gy dozundan 6 bitki haploid (n) olarak belirlenmiştir. 6 bitkide ise miksoploid (n + 2n) yapı gözlenmiştir.
Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) have different consumption patterns in Turkey. Edible seed pumpkin cultivation in Turkey tend to be widespread. Especially after 2000's, there has been an increase in both production area harvested. According to the latest data, the production area is 73.789 da and the production amount is 55.000 tons (TUİK, 2018). There is a need for F1 pumpkin seed cultivars in Turkey. For this purpose, 77 genotypes were used in our study, in order to obtain haploid and doubled haploid lines. The ray doses used were 100 and 150 Gy. In the pollination studies, 74 flowers were pollinated at a dose of 100 Gy, 39 fruit was obtained and fruit set rate was 52.7%. The average fruit weight was between 405 g and 3760 g. 70 flowers were pollinated at a dose of 150 Gy, 35 fruit was obtained and fruit set rate was 50%. The average fruit weight was between 602 g and 4205 g. 9301 seeds and 244 embryos were obtained from 39 fruits at a dose of 100 Gy. The number of seeds per fruit was 238 and the number of embryos per fruit was 6.3. Of the 150 Gy doses, 8,774 seeds were counted in 35 fruits and 234 embryos were removed. The number of seeds per fruit was 250.7 and the number of embryos per fruit was 6.7. Of the 244 embryos obtained from 100 Gy ray doses, 136 were generated roots, 54 of them were transformed in to plants and transferred to external conditions, 44 of them was acclimatized to external conditions. The plant conversion rate was 18.0%. Of the 234 embryos obtained from 150Gy ray doses, 99 were generated roots, 67 of them were generated plants and transferred to external conditions, 51 of them was acclimatized to external conditions. The plant conversion rate was 21.8%. As a result, 478 embryos were obtained in total; 235 of them were generated roots, 121 of them have been generated plants and adapted to external conditions, of these, 121 were generated plants and transferred to external conditions, 95 of them was acclimatized to external conditions, plant conversion rate was 19.9%. We have observed 63 plants in the ploidy detection we have done so far, 3 plants from 100 Gy doses and 6 plants from 150 Gy doses were identified as haploid (n). In 6 plants myxoploid (n + 2n) structure was observed.
Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) have different consumption patterns in Turkey. Edible seed pumpkin cultivation in Turkey tend to be widespread. Especially after 2000's, there has been an increase in both production area harvested. According to the latest data, the production area is 73.789 da and the production amount is 55.000 tons (TUİK, 2018). There is a need for F1 pumpkin seed cultivars in Turkey. For this purpose, 77 genotypes were used in our study, in order to obtain haploid and doubled haploid lines. The ray doses used were 100 and 150 Gy. In the pollination studies, 74 flowers were pollinated at a dose of 100 Gy, 39 fruit was obtained and fruit set rate was 52.7%. The average fruit weight was between 405 g and 3760 g. 70 flowers were pollinated at a dose of 150 Gy, 35 fruit was obtained and fruit set rate was 50%. The average fruit weight was between 602 g and 4205 g. 9301 seeds and 244 embryos were obtained from 39 fruits at a dose of 100 Gy. The number of seeds per fruit was 238 and the number of embryos per fruit was 6.3. Of the 150 Gy doses, 8,774 seeds were counted in 35 fruits and 234 embryos were removed. The number of seeds per fruit was 250.7 and the number of embryos per fruit was 6.7. Of the 244 embryos obtained from 100 Gy ray doses, 136 were generated roots, 54 of them were transformed in to plants and transferred to external conditions, 44 of them was acclimatized to external conditions. The plant conversion rate was 18.0%. Of the 234 embryos obtained from 150Gy ray doses, 99 were generated roots, 67 of them were generated plants and transferred to external conditions, 51 of them was acclimatized to external conditions. The plant conversion rate was 21.8%. As a result, 478 embryos were obtained in total; 235 of them were generated roots, 121 of them have been generated plants and adapted to external conditions, of these, 121 were generated plants and transferred to external conditions, 95 of them was acclimatized to external conditions, plant conversion rate was 19.9%. We have observed 63 plants in the ploidy detection we have done so far, 3 plants from 100 Gy doses and 6 plants from 150 Gy doses were identified as haploid (n). In 6 plants myxoploid (n + 2n) structure was observed.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Çerezlik kabak, Dihaploid, Işınlanmış polen tekniği, Edible pumpkin seeds, Irradiated pollen technique
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Eroğlu, S. (2020). Çerezlik Kabakta (Cucurbita Pepo L.) Haploid ve Dihaploid Hatların Eldesi. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
