Obsesif kompulsif bozuklukta otizm spektrum özellikleri ve yürütücü işlevlerin fonksiyonel manyetik rezonans görüntüleme analizi ile incelenmesi
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Tarih
2024
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Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, OKB'li bireyler ile sağlıklı kontrol gruplarını sosyal biliş, empati, yüz tanıma, yürütücü işlevler ve beyin aktivasyonları açısından karşılaştırmak ve OKB'de görülen otizm spektrum özelliklerinin beyin bölgelerindeki yansımalarını değerlendirmektir. Bu sayede, OKB'li bireylerin nöropsikolojik profilleri daha iyi anlaşılacaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 35 OKB'li birey ile yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim yılı ve zeka düzeyi açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olmayan 37 sağlıklı kontrol katılmıştır. Katılımcılara HADÖ, RTÖ-KV, Otizm Spektrum Ölçeği, Empati Ölçeği, SCID-5-CV, WAİS-R, WKET, GİSD-B, GZOT, Stroop Testi ve fMRG altında Afektif Stroop Testi uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: OKB'li bireyler Otizm Spektrum Ölçeği'nde yüksek, Empati Ölçeği'nde düşük puanlar almıştır. WKET ve Stroop Testi sonuçlarında bilişsel esneklik ve interferans inhibisyonunda zorluklar yaşanmış, GİSD-B'de işitsel-sözel performansları daha düşük bulunmuştur. Çizgi Yönü Belirleme Testi'nde OKB'lilerin görsel-mekansal algıda zayıflık gösterdiği, Afektif Stroop Testi'nde ise daha uzun tepki süreleri ve daha düşük doğru yanıt sayıları olduğu saptanmıştır. fMRG verileri, OKB'li bireylerin motor kontrol, duyusal işleme, duygusal düzenleme ve bilişsel kontrolle ilişkili alanlarda anlamlı beyin aktivasyonları gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Özellikle frontal lob, serebellum ve limbik sistemde gözlemlenen bu aktivasyonlar, OKB'nin karmaşık nörobiyolojik temellerine dair önemli ipuçları sunmaktadır. Sonuç: Çalışmanın sonuçları, OKB'nin yalnızca obsesif-kompulsif belirtilerle sınırlı olmadığını, otizm spektrum bozukluklarına benzer bilişsel zorluklarla da ilişkili olabileceğini göstermektedir. Beyin aktivasyonları, OKB'li bireylerin sosyal biliş, empati, motor kontrol ve duygusal düzenleme gibi kritik işlevlerde sağlıklı kontrollere göre anlamlı farklılıklar sergilediğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu bulgular, OKB'nin tedavisinde otizm spektrum özelliklerinin ve yürütücü işlevlerin dikkate alınması gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır. Özellikle fMRG verileri, bu zorlukların nörobiyolojik temellerini anlamada önemli bir katkı sağlayarak, gelecekteki klinik müdahalelerde daha hedeflenmiş yaklaşımların geliştirilmesine ışık tutabilir.
Objective: The aim of this study is to compare individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and healthy control groups in terms of social cognition, empathy, face recognition, executive functions, and brain activations, as well as to evaluate how autism spectrum traits manifest in specific brain regions within the OCD population. Through this comparison, the neuropsychological profiles of individuals with OCD will be better understood. Materials and Methods: The study included 35 individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and 37 healthy controls, matched for age, gender, years of education, and intelligence levels, with no statistically significant differences between the groups. Participants were administered the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Ruminative Response Scale-Short Version, the Autism Spectrum Quotient, the Empathy Quotient, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Disorders, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, the Visual-Auditory Digit Span Test, Form B, the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, the Stroop Test, and the Affective Stroop Test under functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Results: Individuals with OCD scored high on the Autism Spectrum Quotient and low on the Empathy Quotient. The results from the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and Stroop Test revealed difficulties in cognitive flexibility and interference inhibition, while auditory-verbal performance on the Visual-Auditory Digit Span Test, Form B was found to be lower. In the Line Orientation Test, individuals with OCD exhibited weaknesses in visual-spatial perception, and in the Affective Stroop Test, they demonstrated longer reaction times and fewer correct responses. Functional MRI data indicated significant brain activations in areas associated with motor control, sensory processing, emotional regulation, and cognitive control in the OCD group. Notably, activations observed in the frontal lobe, cerebellum, and limbic system provide critical insights into the complex neurobiological underpinnings of OCD. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that OCD is not limited to obsessive-compulsive symptoms alone, but may also be associated with cognitive difficulties similar to those observed in autism spectrum disorders. Brain activation patterns revealed significant differences in critical functions such as social cognition, empathy, motor control, and emotional regulation between individuals with OCD and healthy controls. These results emphasize the need to consider autism spectrum traits and executive functions in the treatment of OCD. Moreover, the fMRI data provide valuable insights into the neurobiological foundations of these challenges, potentially guiding the development of more targeted clinical interventions in the future.
Objective: The aim of this study is to compare individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and healthy control groups in terms of social cognition, empathy, face recognition, executive functions, and brain activations, as well as to evaluate how autism spectrum traits manifest in specific brain regions within the OCD population. Through this comparison, the neuropsychological profiles of individuals with OCD will be better understood. Materials and Methods: The study included 35 individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and 37 healthy controls, matched for age, gender, years of education, and intelligence levels, with no statistically significant differences between the groups. Participants were administered the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Ruminative Response Scale-Short Version, the Autism Spectrum Quotient, the Empathy Quotient, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Disorders, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, the Visual-Auditory Digit Span Test, Form B, the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, the Stroop Test, and the Affective Stroop Test under functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Results: Individuals with OCD scored high on the Autism Spectrum Quotient and low on the Empathy Quotient. The results from the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and Stroop Test revealed difficulties in cognitive flexibility and interference inhibition, while auditory-verbal performance on the Visual-Auditory Digit Span Test, Form B was found to be lower. In the Line Orientation Test, individuals with OCD exhibited weaknesses in visual-spatial perception, and in the Affective Stroop Test, they demonstrated longer reaction times and fewer correct responses. Functional MRI data indicated significant brain activations in areas associated with motor control, sensory processing, emotional regulation, and cognitive control in the OCD group. Notably, activations observed in the frontal lobe, cerebellum, and limbic system provide critical insights into the complex neurobiological underpinnings of OCD. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that OCD is not limited to obsessive-compulsive symptoms alone, but may also be associated with cognitive difficulties similar to those observed in autism spectrum disorders. Brain activation patterns revealed significant differences in critical functions such as social cognition, empathy, motor control, and emotional regulation between individuals with OCD and healthy controls. These results emphasize the need to consider autism spectrum traits and executive functions in the treatment of OCD. Moreover, the fMRI data provide valuable insights into the neurobiological foundations of these challenges, potentially guiding the development of more targeted clinical interventions in the future.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Otizm Spektrum Özellikleri, Fonksiyonel MRG, Afektif Stroop Testi, Obsesif Kompulsif Bozukluk, Autism Spectrum Traits, Functional MRI, Affective Stroop Test, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
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Künye
Sağlıyan, B. (2024). Obsesif kompulsif bozuklukta otizm spektrum özellikleri ve yürütücü işlevlerin fonksiyonel manyetik rezonans görüntüleme analizi ile incelenmesi. (Uzmanlık Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Konya.
