Selçukluların Abbâsî Halifeleriyle İlişkileri ve Halifelik Mefkûresi Bağlamında Bağdat’a Yönelik Faaliyetleri
Yükleniyor...
Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Selçuklu Araştırmaları Merkezi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Selçukluların Abbâsî halifeleriyle ilişkileri ve halifeliği elde etmek için yapmış olduğu faaliyetleri ortaya koymak amacıyla ele alınan bu çalışma, onların hedeflerini gerçekleştirmek için yaptığı faaliyetleri içermekte olup nitel araştırma desenlerinden veriler/kaynaklar arasında karşılaştırma ve analiz etme yöntemi uygulanarak hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmada kısaca; Sultan Tuğrul Bey’in Halife Kâim-Biemrillâh’tan aldığı yetkilerle hilâfet merkezinde siyasî üstünlüğü ele geçiren Selçuklular, bu güçlerini Halife Nâsır- Lidînillâh dönemine kadar sürdürmüşlerdir. Bu süreç içerisinde hilâfet merkezini tamamen ele geçirip halifeliğin değişik yollarla Selçuklulara geçmesine yönelik aktif faaliyetleri Sultan Melikşah ve oğlu Sencer döneminde görmekteyiz. Sultan Melikşah bu amacını gerçekleştirmek için Bağdat’taki siyasî tesirini artırmış, imar faaliyetleri ile ilmî ve kültürel faaliyetlere girişmiştir. Ayrıca kapsamlı fetih hareketleriyle İslâm dünyasında kendisini kabul ettirerek bu gücün kendisinde var olduğunu da ispatlamıştır. Öte yandan hem doğu Arabistan ve Hicaz bölgesindeki faaliyetleri hem de Mısır’a karşı uyguladığı fetih girişimleri onun bu düşüncesini destekleyen gelişmeler olmuştur. Ama genç yaşta hem de halifeliği almak için Bağdat surlarına dayandığı vakit gelen ani ölümüyle o bu emelini gerçekleştirememiştir. Ardından gelen oğulları Berkyaruk, Tapar ve Sencer de hem iç isyanlardan hem Bâtınîlerin faaliyetlerinden hem de Haçlı saldırılarından dolayı Bağdat’a yönelik etkin siyasî etkinlik gerçekleştirememişlerdir. Sultan Sencer’in döneminde Tapar’ın oğlu Irak Selçuklu Sultanı Mesud Bağdat’a yönelik girişimlerde bulunduysa da hilafeti ele geçirme ve Sünnî İslâm dünyasına hâkim olma gibi bir başarıya ulaşamamıştır. Tam aksine halifeler, Sencer döneminde Selçukluların kendi aralarındaki çekişmeleri ve Selçukluların aleyhine gelişen siyasi olayları fırsat bilip Selçuklu boyunduruğundan kurtulmuşlardır.
This study, which aims to reveal the relationships between the Seljuks and the Abbasid caliphs and the activities they carried out to achieve the caliphate, includes the activities they carried out to achieve their goals and was prepared by applying the method of comparison and analysis between data/sources from qualitative research patterns. In the study, Seljuks, who obtained a political advantage in the center of the caliphate by Sultan Tughril Bey with the authorities he received from the Caliph al-Q?'im bi-Amr All?h maintained this power until the period of Caliph Nasir-Lidinillah. Within that period, we see active activities which intended to capture the caliphate center entirely and move it to the Seljuks in different paths during the period of Sultan Malik Shah and his son Sanjar. Sultan Malik shah increased his political influence in Baghdad to achieve this goal and engaged in scientific and cultural activities with town planning activities. He also made himself accepted among the Islamic world with his extensive conquest movements and proved that this power exists in him. On the other hand, both his activities in Eastern Arabia and the Hejaz region and his conquest attempts against Egypt were the developments that supported his idea. However, he could not attain this goal due to his sudden death at a young age when he reached the walls of Baghdad to take the caliphate. His sons Barkiyaruq, Tapar and Sanjar, who followed him, could not carry out an effective political activity against Baghdad due to the internal rebellions, the activities of the Batinies and the Crusader attacks. His sons Barkiyaruq, Tapar, and Sanjar, who followed him, could not be able to perform an effective political activity against Baghdad due to the internal rebellions, the activities of the Batinies, and the Crusader attacks. Although Mesud, the son of Tapar and the Iraqi Seljuk Sultan, made attempts against Baghdad during the sultanate of Sultan Sanjar, he could not succeed in seizing the caliphate and dominating the Sunni Islamic World. Quite the contrary, the caliphs took advantage of the conflicts between the Seljuks and the political events that took place against the Seljuks and got rid of the Seljuk domination.
This study, which aims to reveal the relationships between the Seljuks and the Abbasid caliphs and the activities they carried out to achieve the caliphate, includes the activities they carried out to achieve their goals and was prepared by applying the method of comparison and analysis between data/sources from qualitative research patterns. In the study, Seljuks, who obtained a political advantage in the center of the caliphate by Sultan Tughril Bey with the authorities he received from the Caliph al-Q?'im bi-Amr All?h maintained this power until the period of Caliph Nasir-Lidinillah. Within that period, we see active activities which intended to capture the caliphate center entirely and move it to the Seljuks in different paths during the period of Sultan Malik Shah and his son Sanjar. Sultan Malik shah increased his political influence in Baghdad to achieve this goal and engaged in scientific and cultural activities with town planning activities. He also made himself accepted among the Islamic world with his extensive conquest movements and proved that this power exists in him. On the other hand, both his activities in Eastern Arabia and the Hejaz region and his conquest attempts against Egypt were the developments that supported his idea. However, he could not attain this goal due to his sudden death at a young age when he reached the walls of Baghdad to take the caliphate. His sons Barkiyaruq, Tapar and Sanjar, who followed him, could not carry out an effective political activity against Baghdad due to the internal rebellions, the activities of the Batinies and the Crusader attacks. His sons Barkiyaruq, Tapar, and Sanjar, who followed him, could not be able to perform an effective political activity against Baghdad due to the internal rebellions, the activities of the Batinies, and the Crusader attacks. Although Mesud, the son of Tapar and the Iraqi Seljuk Sultan, made attempts against Baghdad during the sultanate of Sultan Sanjar, he could not succeed in seizing the caliphate and dominating the Sunni Islamic World. Quite the contrary, the caliphs took advantage of the conflicts between the Seljuks and the political events that took place against the Seljuks and got rid of the Seljuk domination.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Selçuklu Tarihi, Selçuklu Siyaseti, Abbâsîler, Halifelik, Melikşah, Ahmet Sencer, Bağdat, History of Seljuks, Politics of Seljuks, Abbasids, Caliphate, Malik shah, Ahmad Sanjar, Baghdad
Kaynak
Selçuk Üniversitesi Selçuklu Araştırmaları Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
14
Künye
Akbaş, M. (2021). Selçukluların Abbâsî Halifeleriyle İlişkileri ve Halifelik Mefkûresi Bağlamında Bağdat’a Yönelik Faaliyetleri. Selçuklu Araştırmaları Dergisi, (14), 137-178.
