Tip 2 Diyabetli Kadınlarda Glisemik Kontrol ile İlişkili Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi: Beslenme ve Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bireylerde Tip 2 diyabetin önlenmesi ve yönetiminde önemli bir etken olan glisemik kontrolün
sağlanmasında bireyselleştirilmiş tıbbi beslenme tedavisi, sağlıklı beslenme alışkanlıkları kazandıran
Akdeniz diyeti ve yeterli fiziksel aktivite önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışma Tip 2 diyabetli
kadınlarda glisemik kontrol ile ilişkili faktörlerin belirlenmesi amacıyla tanımlayıcı-ilişki arayıcı türde
yapılmıştır.
Araştırma Konya’da bir devlet hastanesinin Dahiliye ve Endokrinoloji polikliniklerine
başvuran 20-65 yaş arası Tip 2 diyabetli 246 kadın ile Nisan 2021-Şubat 2022 tarihleri arasında
yapılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında anket formu, Sağlıklı Beslenmeye İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği, Akdeniz
Diyetine Uyum Ölçeği ve Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi Kısa Formu kullanılmıştır. Verilerin
analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Ki-Kare, Fisher’in exact testi, Kruskal Wallis testi, değişkenler
arasındaki ikili ilişkilerin incelenmesinde Spearman korelasyon analizi ve glisemik kontrol üzerinde
etkili olan faktörlerin belirlenmesinde lojistik regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Bireylerde glisemik
kontrol HbA1c ve açlık kan glukozu değişkenleri ile değerlendirilmiş olup araştırma grubunun
%55,3’ünün HbA1c, %56,9’unun açlık kan glukozu bakımından kötü glisemik kontrole sahip olduğu
belirlenmiştir. Lojistik regresyon analizine göre oral antidiyabetik kullanımı, insülin kullanımı, yılda en
fazla iki kez hastane kontrolüne gitme ve hiperglisemi veya hipoglisemiye bağlı hastanede yatma
durumu HbA1c risk oranını azaltan faktörler iken; ilk ve ortaokul düzeyinde eğitime sahip olma HbA1c
risk oranını 6,581 kat (OR:6,581, %95 Cl:1,107-39,137), sigara kullanımı 3,085 kat (OR:3,085, %95
Cl:1,012-9,411), düşük HDL kolesterol düzeyine sahip olma 4,202 kat (OR:4,202, %95 Cl:2,037-8,665)
artıran faktörlerdir. Açlık kan glukozu riskini azaltan faktörler oral antidiyabetik kullanımı ve insülin
kullanımı iken; uzun süre ilde yaşama açlık kan glukozu risk oranını 3,409 kat (OR:3,409, %95
Cl:1,387-8,379), düşük HDL kolesterol düzeyine sahip olma 2,475 (OR:2,475, %95 Cl:1,348-4,542)
kat artıran faktörlerdir. Tip 2 diyabetli kadınların %73,2’si sağlıklı beslenmeye ilişkin orta düzey
tutuma, %46,3’ü Akdeniz diyetine orta düzey uyuma sahip ve %60,6’sı fiziksel olarak inaktiftir.
Çalışmada bireylerin glisemik kontrolünde etkili olan faktörlerin değiştirilebilir ve
çoğunluğunun yaşam alışkanlıklarına bağlı faktörler olduğu görülmektedir. Tip 2 diyabetli kadınların
bu konuda hemşireler tarafından bilgilendirilmesi ve hastalığın kontrol altına alınmasında olumlu yaşam
tarzı alışkanlıklarının kazandırılması konusunda desteklenmesi gerekmektedir.
Individualized medical nutrition therapy, Mediterranean diet that provides healthy eating habits, and adequate physical activity play an important role in ensuring glycemic control, which is an important factor in the prevention and management of Type 2 diabetes in individuals. This study was conducted as a descriptive-relationship-seeking study to determine the factors associated with glycemic control in women with Type 2 diabetes. The study was conducted with 246 women with Type 2 diabetes between the ages of 20-65 who applied to the Internal Medicine and Endocrinology polyclinics of a state hospital in Konya between April 2021 and February 2022. Questionnaire form, Attitudes towards Healthy Eating Scale, Mediterranean Diet Compliance Scale and International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics, Chi-Square, Fisher's exact test, Kruskal Wallis test, Spearman's correlation analysis was used to analyze the bilateral relations between the variables, and logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors affecting glycemic control. Glycemic control in individuals was evaluated with HbA1c and fasting blood glucose variables, and it was determined that 55.3% of the research group had poor glycemic control in terms of HbA1c and 56.9% in terms of fasting blood glucose. According to the logistic regression analysis, oral antidiabetic use, insulin use, hospitalization at most twice a year, and hospitalization due to hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia are factors that reduce the HbA1c risk ratio; Having a primary and secondary education level of HbA1c risk ratio 6.581 times (OR:6.581, 95% Cl:1.107-39.137), smoking 3.085 times (OR:3.085, 95% CI:1.012-9.411), low HDL cholesterol level 4,202 times (OR: 4,202, 95% Cl: 2,037- 8,665) are the factors that increase it. While the factors that reduce the risk of fasting blood glucose are oral antidiabetic use and insulin use; living in the province for a long time, fasting blood glucose risk ratio 3,409 times (OR: 3,409, 95% Cl: 1,387-8,379), low HDL cholesterol levels are the factors that increase 2,475 (OR: 2,475, 95% CI: 1,348-4,542) times. Of the women with type 2 diabetes, 73.2% had a moderate attitude towards healthy eating, 46.3% had moderate adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and 60.6% were physically inactive. In the study, it is seen that the factors that are effective in the glycemic control of individuals can be changed and most of them are factors related to life habits. Women with type 2 diabetes should be informed about this issue by nurses and supported to gain positive lifestyle habits to control the disease.
Individualized medical nutrition therapy, Mediterranean diet that provides healthy eating habits, and adequate physical activity play an important role in ensuring glycemic control, which is an important factor in the prevention and management of Type 2 diabetes in individuals. This study was conducted as a descriptive-relationship-seeking study to determine the factors associated with glycemic control in women with Type 2 diabetes. The study was conducted with 246 women with Type 2 diabetes between the ages of 20-65 who applied to the Internal Medicine and Endocrinology polyclinics of a state hospital in Konya between April 2021 and February 2022. Questionnaire form, Attitudes towards Healthy Eating Scale, Mediterranean Diet Compliance Scale and International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics, Chi-Square, Fisher's exact test, Kruskal Wallis test, Spearman's correlation analysis was used to analyze the bilateral relations between the variables, and logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors affecting glycemic control. Glycemic control in individuals was evaluated with HbA1c and fasting blood glucose variables, and it was determined that 55.3% of the research group had poor glycemic control in terms of HbA1c and 56.9% in terms of fasting blood glucose. According to the logistic regression analysis, oral antidiabetic use, insulin use, hospitalization at most twice a year, and hospitalization due to hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia are factors that reduce the HbA1c risk ratio; Having a primary and secondary education level of HbA1c risk ratio 6.581 times (OR:6.581, 95% Cl:1.107-39.137), smoking 3.085 times (OR:3.085, 95% CI:1.012-9.411), low HDL cholesterol level 4,202 times (OR: 4,202, 95% Cl: 2,037- 8,665) are the factors that increase it. While the factors that reduce the risk of fasting blood glucose are oral antidiabetic use and insulin use; living in the province for a long time, fasting blood glucose risk ratio 3,409 times (OR: 3,409, 95% Cl: 1,387-8,379), low HDL cholesterol levels are the factors that increase 2,475 (OR: 2,475, 95% CI: 1,348-4,542) times. Of the women with type 2 diabetes, 73.2% had a moderate attitude towards healthy eating, 46.3% had moderate adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and 60.6% were physically inactive. In the study, it is seen that the factors that are effective in the glycemic control of individuals can be changed and most of them are factors related to life habits. Women with type 2 diabetes should be informed about this issue by nurses and supported to gain positive lifestyle habits to control the disease.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Akdeniz diyeti, Beslenme, Fiziksel aktivite, Hemşirelik, Tip 2 diyabet, Mediterranean diet, Nutrition, Physical activity, Nursing, Type 2 diabetes
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Altunel, Ü., (2022). Tip 2 Diyabetli Kadınlarda Glisemik Kontrol ile İlişkili Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi: Beslenme ve Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyi. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimler Enstitüsü, Konya.
