Eskiçağda yazı, kitap ve kütüphanenin oluşum süreci; günümüz eğitimine katkıları
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Date
2015
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Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
Yazı insanların düsündükleri, ifade edebilecekleri seylerin düzenli bir göstergesi ve simgeler, semboller bütünü olmustur. Bu makalede eskiçagda yazı ve kitabın dogusu, olusum süreci ele alınmaktadır. Mezopotamya’da yazı M.Ö. 3200 yıllarında Sümerliler tarafından icat edilmistir. Sümer yazısı ekonomik ihtiyaçlardan dogmustur. Önasya ülkelerinde ve Anadolu topraklarında yazı malzemesi olarak kullanılan kil tabletler, kilin kitap sekli olarak ifade edilmis halidir. Papirüsün kitap sekli olan rulo, özellikle parsömentin kitap sekli olan kodeks Antikçag boyunca temel kitap sekli olmuslardır. Eskiçagda yazılı belgelerin artan ekonomik ve kültürel iliskilerin sonucu olarak çogalmasıyla korunup saklanmalarını gerektiren arsiv ve kütüphaneler ortaya çıkmıstır. Bu noktadan hareketle eskiçag kütüphanelerinin olusum süreci de irdelenmeye çalısılmıstır. Eskiçagdaki bu olusumların günümüz egitimine katkıları ise su sekilde yorumlanmıstır: Egitimin ana unsurları eskiçagda dogmus ve günümüze kadar gelisim sürecini devam ettirmistir. Egitim ögretimin verildigi kurumların yani okul adı verilen sistemin, önemli bir egitim aracı olan kitapların ve kütüphanelerin ve daha birçok unsurun dogusu, var olması eskiçag uygarlıklarına dayanmaktadır. Öte yandan eskiçagda icat edilen yazı hem insanlık tarihi hem de egitim dünyası açısından çok büyük önem tasımaktadır. Yazılı araçlar egitim ortamında en yaygın kullanılan araç türleridir. Kısacası yazı, kitap ve kütüphanenin olusumu hem geçmiste hem de günümüzde büyük bir etki ve öneme sahip olmustur.
Writing has been the whole collection of signs and symbols and a regular indication of what people think, what they can express. In this article, the birth of ancient writing and book is handled with its formation process. Writing was invented by Sumerians around 3200 B.C. in the Mesopotamia. Sumerian writing emerged due to economic necessities. Clay tablets used as writing material in the Asia Minor and Anatolia were the book format of clay. The basic book shapes in ancient age were the roll, being the book format of papyrus, and the codex, being the book format of parchment. On the other hand, as a result of the increasing economic and cultural relations in the ancient age, written documents had to be preserved, and thus archives and libraries showed up. From this point of view, the formation process of the ancient age library has also been examined in this paper. Contributions of these ancient formations to the present education were interpreted in the following way: the main elements of the education was born in ancient age and continued its development until today. Institutions that provide education, namely the system of school, the birth and existence of books and libraries and many other elements as important education tools are based on the ancient civilizations. On the other hand, writing that was invented in ancient age period carries great importance for both the history of mankind and the education world. Writing instruments are the most widely used tools used in the education environment. In short, the formation of writing, book and library has had a huge impact and significance in both past and present.
Writing has been the whole collection of signs and symbols and a regular indication of what people think, what they can express. In this article, the birth of ancient writing and book is handled with its formation process. Writing was invented by Sumerians around 3200 B.C. in the Mesopotamia. Sumerian writing emerged due to economic necessities. Clay tablets used as writing material in the Asia Minor and Anatolia were the book format of clay. The basic book shapes in ancient age were the roll, being the book format of papyrus, and the codex, being the book format of parchment. On the other hand, as a result of the increasing economic and cultural relations in the ancient age, written documents had to be preserved, and thus archives and libraries showed up. From this point of view, the formation process of the ancient age library has also been examined in this paper. Contributions of these ancient formations to the present education were interpreted in the following way: the main elements of the education was born in ancient age and continued its development until today. Institutions that provide education, namely the system of school, the birth and existence of books and libraries and many other elements as important education tools are based on the ancient civilizations. On the other hand, writing that was invented in ancient age period carries great importance for both the history of mankind and the education world. Writing instruments are the most widely used tools used in the education environment. In short, the formation of writing, book and library has had a huge impact and significance in both past and present.
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Keywords
Yazı, Eskiçağ, Ancient age, Kitap, Book, Kütüphane, Library, Eğitim, Education
Journal or Series
Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi
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Issue
34
Citation
Özkaral, T. C. (2015). Eskiçağda yazı, kitap ve kütüphanenin oluşum süreci; günümüz eğitimine katkıları. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, (34), 371-384.
