Ratlarda tek doz uygulanan kadmiyum toksikasyonunun patolojisi ve eş zamanlı uygulanan klorpromazinin koruyucu etkisinin araştırılması
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2010
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
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Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağık Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışma, ratlarda kadmiyum toksikasyonunun patolojisi ve klorpromazinin koruyucu etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışmada 4-6 aylık, erkek, Sprague-Dawley ırkı, 64 adet rat kullanıldı. Ratlar, her grupta 16 tane olacak şekilde 4 gruba ve 7 ile 21 günlük deneme periyodunda değerlendirilmek üzere her birinde 8 tane olacak şekilde ikişer alt gruba ayrıldı. Kontrol (K) olarak ayrılanlara serum fizyolojik (1ml, deri altı ve periton içi), kadmiyum (KD) grubundakilere kadmiyum klörür (7mg/kg, deri altı), klorpromazin (KPZ) grubundakilere klorpromazin (15 mg/kg, periton içi), kadmiyum ve klorpromazin birlikte verildiği gruptaki (KDKPZ) ratlara da kadmiyum klörür (7mg/kg, deri altı) ve klorpromazin (15 mg/kg, periton içi) tek doz ve eş zamanlı olarak uygulandı. Canlı ağırlık değişimlerini belirlemek amacıyla çalışma başlangıcında ve sonunda ratların tartımları yapıldı ve 7. ve 21. günlerde intrakardiyak yolla kan örnekleri alındı, dekapitasyon yöntemiyle sakrifiye edildikten sonra nekropsileri yapıldı. Rölatif testis, epididimis, karaciğer ve böbrek ağırlıkları belirlendi. Makroskobik, histopatolojik ve immunohistokimyasal incelemeler yapıldı. Kadmiyumun tek başına (KD) ve klorpromazinle birlikte verildiği (KDKPZ) gruplarda canlı ağırlık kaybıyla birlikte en belirgin lezyonlar testis ve epididimislerde saptandı. Rölatif testis ve epididimis ağırlıklarında azalmanın yanı sıra bu organlarda atrofi, testislerde yaygın ve şiddetli nekrozla birlikte damar lezyonlarının belirgin olduğu dikkati çekti. Nekroza TSK'lardaki germinatif ve Sertoli hücrelerinde, intersitisyumda Leydig hücrelerinde rastlandı, intersitisyumda ise ödem ve damarlarda tromboz gözlendi. Bu değişikliklere paralel olarak serum testosteron düzeylerinde de önemli düşüşler saptandı, epididimislerde ise spermatik granülomlar tespit edildi. Karaciğer ve böbrek lezyonlarının hafif şiddette olmasına rağmen bu organlardaki hasarın serum biyokimyasal değerlerde belirgin bir değişime neden olmadığı dikkat çekti. Çalışmada incelenen diğer organlarda ise (kalp, dalak, pankreas, beyin ve beyincik) çok önemli değişiklikler saptanamadı. Elde edilen sonuçlarla, kadmiyumla eş zamanlı olarak uygulanan klorpromazinin, kadmiyumun oluşturduğu hasara karşı koruyucu etkisinin ve tedavi edici özelliğinin olmadığı kanısına varıldı. Kadmiyum toksikasyonun önlenmesi veya tedavi edilmesi amacıyla yapılacak çalışmaların daha uzun periyotlarda planlanmasının daha sağlıklı sonuçların elde edilmesinde yararlı olacağı düşünülmüştür. Toksikasyonun önlenmesi veya tedavi edilmesi amacıyla kullanılacak olan maddelerin farklı dozlarda, hem toksikasyonla eş zamanlı hem de toksikasyondan belirli bir süre önce ve sonra verilmesiyle kıyaslamaların daha sağlıklı ve güvenilir olabileceği kanısına varılmıştır.
This study was carried out to determine pathology of cadmium toxicity and protective effects of chlorpromazine in rats. For this purpose, 4-6 months of age, 64 male, Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Rats were divided into four groups, each containing 16 animals and all the groups were divided into two sub-groups, each containing 8 animals evaluated in 7 and 21 days. Animals in Group I, as a control (C), were injected once 1 ml of isotonic saline intraperitoneally and subcutaneously. Group II (CD) were injected once 7 mg/kg of cadmium chloride subcutaneously. Group III (CPZ) were injected once 15 mg/kg of chlorpromazine intraperitoneally. Group IV (CDCPZ) were injected the same doses of cadmium and chlorpromazine simultaneously once. At the beginning and at the end of the experimental period, body weights of rats were recorded. Animals were sacrificed by decapitation at 7th and 21st days. Before necropsy, blood samples were taken intracardially and organs (testes, epididiymis, liver and kidney) weights were measured sensitively. Macroscopical, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings of all rats were examined. In the 2nd (CD) and 4th (CDCPZ) groups not only the body weights decreased but also significant lesions were seen in the testes and epididymis. We examined that relative testes and epididymis weights decreased and atrophy was seen in these organs. In addition, dissemine and intensity necrosis with vessel lesions in the testes was observed. Dissemine necrosis was observed both in germinative and Sertoli cells of the tubulus seminifeus contortus and Leydig cells in the intersititium. Thrombosis in blood vessel and edema were also shown in the intersititium. Corresponding to these changes significant decreases in serum testosterone levels were also observed and the spermatic granulomas were seen in the epididymis. Although liver and kidneys were slightly affected, it was observed that damage in these organs would not cause a significant change in the serum biochemical values. In the experiment, no significant changes were determined in the heart, spleen, pancreas, brain and cerebellum. According to the findings it was found that, chlorpromazine had neither protective nor curative effects against cadmium toxicity, simultaneously. It was thought that studies concerning prevention or treatment of cadmium toxication should be planned for longer time periods to obtain better outcomes. It has been concluded that comparisons may be more robust and reliable with the use of different doses of substances both simultaneously with toxication and before and after certain time of toxication.
This study was carried out to determine pathology of cadmium toxicity and protective effects of chlorpromazine in rats. For this purpose, 4-6 months of age, 64 male, Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Rats were divided into four groups, each containing 16 animals and all the groups were divided into two sub-groups, each containing 8 animals evaluated in 7 and 21 days. Animals in Group I, as a control (C), were injected once 1 ml of isotonic saline intraperitoneally and subcutaneously. Group II (CD) were injected once 7 mg/kg of cadmium chloride subcutaneously. Group III (CPZ) were injected once 15 mg/kg of chlorpromazine intraperitoneally. Group IV (CDCPZ) were injected the same doses of cadmium and chlorpromazine simultaneously once. At the beginning and at the end of the experimental period, body weights of rats were recorded. Animals were sacrificed by decapitation at 7th and 21st days. Before necropsy, blood samples were taken intracardially and organs (testes, epididiymis, liver and kidney) weights were measured sensitively. Macroscopical, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings of all rats were examined. In the 2nd (CD) and 4th (CDCPZ) groups not only the body weights decreased but also significant lesions were seen in the testes and epididymis. We examined that relative testes and epididymis weights decreased and atrophy was seen in these organs. In addition, dissemine and intensity necrosis with vessel lesions in the testes was observed. Dissemine necrosis was observed both in germinative and Sertoli cells of the tubulus seminifeus contortus and Leydig cells in the intersititium. Thrombosis in blood vessel and edema were also shown in the intersititium. Corresponding to these changes significant decreases in serum testosterone levels were also observed and the spermatic granulomas were seen in the epididymis. Although liver and kidneys were slightly affected, it was observed that damage in these organs would not cause a significant change in the serum biochemical values. In the experiment, no significant changes were determined in the heart, spleen, pancreas, brain and cerebellum. According to the findings it was found that, chlorpromazine had neither protective nor curative effects against cadmium toxicity, simultaneously. It was thought that studies concerning prevention or treatment of cadmium toxication should be planned for longer time periods to obtain better outcomes. It has been concluded that comparisons may be more robust and reliable with the use of different doses of substances both simultaneously with toxication and before and after certain time of toxication.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kadmiyum, Cadmium, Klorpromazin, Chlorpromazine, Patoloji-veteriner, Pathology-veterinary, Sıçanlar, Rats
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Erdem, T. (2010). Ratlarda tek doz uygulanan kadmiyum toksikasyonunun patolojisi ve eş zamanlı uygulanan klorpromazinin koruyucu etkisinin araştırılması. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayımlanmış doktora tezi, Konya.
