Nezir Muhammed Raşid ve şiirlerindeki temalar
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Date
2019
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Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
Bu tezde Nezir Muhammed Raşid'in hayatını, şiirlerine şekil veren temaları ve bu temaları işlerken kullandığı dili işlemeye çalıştık. Şair yaşadıkları ve şahit olduklarıyla kendini okuyucuya ifade ederken kullandığı aşk, hüzün, ölüm, korku, umut hayal kırıklığı, yazgı, ayrılık, yalnızlık vb. gibi temalar şairin şiirlerindeki bireysel temaları oluşturmuştur. Nezir Muhammed Raşid, şiirlerinde sadece bireysel temalara yer vermemiş, yaşadığı toplumda üzerine düşen sosyal olaylara da şiirlerinde değinmiştir. Raşid'in yaşadığı dönem, Hint Alt Kıtasının ve diğer Doğu ülkelerinin geleneksel kültür değerlerine olan bağlılıklarının giderek zayıflamaya başladığı ve Batılı kültür değerlerinin kabullenilmeye başladığı dönemdi. Şairin sosyal temalı şiirlerinde Hint Alt Kıtasındaki İngiliz sömürgeciliğine ve Doğu ülkelerini sömüren, sömürgeci ülkelere karşı nefret ve düşmanca bir tavır sergiler. Kendi vatanlarında köle durumuna düşmelerini kabullenmeyen Raşid, şiirlerinde hep bir arayış içerisindedir. Şair bazı sosyal temalı şiirlerinde Doğu uluslarını sömürgecilikten ve kölelikten nasıl kurtulacaklarını öğütleyen şiirler kaleme almıştır. Raşid, Doğu uluslarının geri kalmışlığından duyduğu üzüntüye şiirlerinde yer verirken, bu geri kalmışlığın geleneklere sıkı sıkıya bağlı kalınmasına, geçmişe sığınmaya ve batıdaki gibi bir ilerleme sağlanamamasına bağlar. Serbest şiirin öncü isimlerinden Nezir Muhammed Raşid, şiirlerinde betimlemeler ve benzetmelerden büyük ölçüde yararlanmıştır. Bunlara ilaveten yinelemelere şiirlerinde yer veren şair, anlatımı güçlendirmek istemiştir. Serbest nazımla kaleme aldığı şiirlerinde sade, yalın ve gündelik bir dil kullanmıştır. Ayrıca Farsça sözcüklerden de oldukça istifade etmiştir. Nezir Muhammed Raşid, şiir dili ve ele aldığı temalarla Pakistan ve Doğu edebiyatında oldukça önemli bir yere sahiptir.
In this thesis, we attempted to present information about the life of Nezir Muhammad Rashid, the themes that shaped up his poems and the language he used when he was dealing with these themes. The themes such as love, melancholy, death, fear, hope, frustration, destiny, separation, solitude etc. which the poet employed while he was expressing himself to his readers through his experiences and testimonials constituted the individual themes in the poet's poems. Nezir Muhammad Rashid not only involved individual themes in his poems but he also treated in his poems the social phenomena which he witnessed in the society where he lived. The period when Rashid lived was one when Indian sub-continent and other Eastern countries gradually began to experience a weakening of their adherence to their own cultural values and started to adopt Western cultural values. The poet demonstrates a repulsion and a hostile attitude in his poems with social themes towards the British colonialism in the Indian sub-continent and other colonialist countries that had colonized and exploited Eastern countries. Refusing to accept being slaves in their own country, Rashid was always in search of something in his poems. In some of his poems having social themes, the poet wrote poetry advising Eastern countries about how they could be liberated from colonialism and captivity. Rashid also mentioned in his poems his disillusionment with the backwardness of Eastern countries and attributed to this backwardness to adhering strictly to traditions, taking refuge in the past and failure to make a progress as in the West. One of the pioneers of free verse, Nezir Muhammad Rashid made ample use of descriptions and metaphors in his poems. In addition to these, the poet also included repetitions in his poems to enhance his expressive power. He used a simple, plain and colloquial language in the poems which he wrote in free verse style. Moreover, he made ample use of Persian vocabulary. Nezir Muhammad Rashid occupies a significant place in the Pakistani and Eastern literature by virtue of his poetics and the themes he treated.
In this thesis, we attempted to present information about the life of Nezir Muhammad Rashid, the themes that shaped up his poems and the language he used when he was dealing with these themes. The themes such as love, melancholy, death, fear, hope, frustration, destiny, separation, solitude etc. which the poet employed while he was expressing himself to his readers through his experiences and testimonials constituted the individual themes in the poet's poems. Nezir Muhammad Rashid not only involved individual themes in his poems but he also treated in his poems the social phenomena which he witnessed in the society where he lived. The period when Rashid lived was one when Indian sub-continent and other Eastern countries gradually began to experience a weakening of their adherence to their own cultural values and started to adopt Western cultural values. The poet demonstrates a repulsion and a hostile attitude in his poems with social themes towards the British colonialism in the Indian sub-continent and other colonialist countries that had colonized and exploited Eastern countries. Refusing to accept being slaves in their own country, Rashid was always in search of something in his poems. In some of his poems having social themes, the poet wrote poetry advising Eastern countries about how they could be liberated from colonialism and captivity. Rashid also mentioned in his poems his disillusionment with the backwardness of Eastern countries and attributed to this backwardness to adhering strictly to traditions, taking refuge in the past and failure to make a progress as in the West. One of the pioneers of free verse, Nezir Muhammad Rashid made ample use of descriptions and metaphors in his poems. In addition to these, the poet also included repetitions in his poems to enhance his expressive power. He used a simple, plain and colloquial language in the poems which he wrote in free verse style. Moreover, he made ample use of Persian vocabulary. Nezir Muhammad Rashid occupies a significant place in the Pakistani and Eastern literature by virtue of his poetics and the themes he treated.
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Nezir Muhammed Raşid, Urdu şiiri, Urdu poetry, serbest nazım, free verse
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Çakmakçı, M. K. (2019). Nezir Muhammed Raşid ve Şiirlerindeki Temalar. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Konya.
