İsrail Devleti'nin Kuruluş Süreci - Balfour Deklarasyonu'ndan Manda Yönetiminin Kurulmasına – 1917-1923
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2023
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Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada 400 yıl boyunca Osmanlı Devleti toprağı olan Filistin’de Birinci Dünya Savaşı sonucunda İngiltere yönetiminin kurulması ve bu dönemde Filistin’de ortaya çıkan Siyonist istekler, artan Yahudi göçleri ve yerli halkın bu duruma karşı rahatsızlıkları incelenmiştir. Çalışmada İngiltere Dışişleri Bakanı Lord Balfour tarafından Yahudilere İngiltere koruması altında “Ulusal Yurt” vaadi taşıyan Balfour Deklarasyonu’nun hazırlık süreci, deklarasyonun ilanı ve bu duruma Osmanlı Devleti’nin verdiği tepki irdelenmiştir. Balfour Deklarasyonu’nun kazanımı Siyonistleri, uluslararası arenada yasal ve görünür kılmıştır. Çalışmada ayrıca Paris Barış Konferansı’nda Siyonist liderlerinin Yahudi halkının Filistin’deki tarihi unvanını ve Yahudilerin Filistin’de yeniden bu tarihi inşa etme hakkının tanınmasını talepleri ve Filistin’de Yahudi Ulusal Yurdu’nun kurulmasını sağlayacak siyasi, idari ve ekonomik koşullar yaratmakla yükümlü Mandater olarak Filistin’e İngiltere’nin atanma süreci incelenmiştir. Filistin’de başlayan sivil yönetiminin ilk yıllarında Yüksek Komiser Herbert Samuel’in Osmanlı “millet sistemi” temeliyle oluşturmaya çalıştırdığı bürokratik şekillenme kapsamında Filistin’de oluşturulan Yahudi ve Müslüman Arap temsil kurullarının oluşumu ve Filistin topraklarında İngiliz himayesinde İsrail Devleti’nin yasal temellerinin atılma süreci değerlendirmeye tabi tutulmuştur. Paris Barış Konferansı’nda temsil hakkı kazanan Siyonistlerin, konferansa sundukları Filistin’deki Yahudi Ulusal Yurdu’nun sınırlarını belirleyen haritadaki sınırlara günümüzde bir hayli yaklaşıldığı görülebilmektedir. Siyonist liderler, Filistin Manda ilanının kazanımına ek olarak Filistin’in yönetim süreci başta olmak üzere her alanda aktif olmaya ve nitelikli Yahudi göçünü Filistin’e yönlendirmeye çalışmışlardır. Sonuç olarak bu çalışmalar Filistin topraklarında İsrail Devleti’nin temellerini atmıştır. Bu çalışmanın günümüzde de devam eden Filistinİsrail sorunlarının ana nedenini anlamamıza katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
This study examines the Establishment of British Rule in Palestine, which was the territory of the Ottoman Empire for 400 years, as a result of the First World War, and the Zionist demands that emerged in Palestine during this period, the increasing Jewish immigration and the discomfort of the local population against this situation. In the study, the preparation process of the Balfour Declaration, which promised the Jews a "National Home" under the protection of Britain by the British Foreign Minister Lord Balfour, the declaration of the declaration and the reaction of the Ottoman Empire to this situation were analyzed. The achievement of the Balfour Declaration made the Zionists legal and visible in the international arena. The study also examines the demands of the Zionist leaders at the Paris Peace Conference for the recognition of the historical title of the Jewish people in Palestine and the right of the Jews to rebuild this history in Palestine, and the process of the appointment of Great Britain as the Mandatory in Palestine, which was obliged to create the political, administrative and economic conditions that would ensure the establishment of the Jewish National Home in Palestine. The formation of the Jewish and Muslim Arab representative councils in Palestine within the scope of the bureaucratic shaping that High Commissioner Herbert Samuel tried to create on the basis of the Ottoman "millet system" in the first years of the civil administration that started in Palestine and the process of laying the legal foundations of the State of Israel under British auspices in Palestine were evaluated. It can be seen that the borders on the map that determines the borders of the Jewish National Home in Palestine, which were presented to the conference by the Zionists, who won the right to be represented at the Paris Peace Conference, are very close to the borders today. In addition to gaining the Palestine Mandate, Zionist leaders have tried to be active in all areas, especially the Palestinian administration process, and to direct qualified Jewish immigration to Palestine. As a result, these studies laid the foundations of the State of Israel in the Palestinian territories. It is thought that this study will contribute to our understanding of the main cause of the ongoing Palestinian-Israeli problems.
This study examines the Establishment of British Rule in Palestine, which was the territory of the Ottoman Empire for 400 years, as a result of the First World War, and the Zionist demands that emerged in Palestine during this period, the increasing Jewish immigration and the discomfort of the local population against this situation. In the study, the preparation process of the Balfour Declaration, which promised the Jews a "National Home" under the protection of Britain by the British Foreign Minister Lord Balfour, the declaration of the declaration and the reaction of the Ottoman Empire to this situation were analyzed. The achievement of the Balfour Declaration made the Zionists legal and visible in the international arena. The study also examines the demands of the Zionist leaders at the Paris Peace Conference for the recognition of the historical title of the Jewish people in Palestine and the right of the Jews to rebuild this history in Palestine, and the process of the appointment of Great Britain as the Mandatory in Palestine, which was obliged to create the political, administrative and economic conditions that would ensure the establishment of the Jewish National Home in Palestine. The formation of the Jewish and Muslim Arab representative councils in Palestine within the scope of the bureaucratic shaping that High Commissioner Herbert Samuel tried to create on the basis of the Ottoman "millet system" in the first years of the civil administration that started in Palestine and the process of laying the legal foundations of the State of Israel under British auspices in Palestine were evaluated. It can be seen that the borders on the map that determines the borders of the Jewish National Home in Palestine, which were presented to the conference by the Zionists, who won the right to be represented at the Paris Peace Conference, are very close to the borders today. In addition to gaining the Palestine Mandate, Zionist leaders have tried to be active in all areas, especially the Palestinian administration process, and to direct qualified Jewish immigration to Palestine. As a result, these studies laid the foundations of the State of Israel in the Palestinian territories. It is thought that this study will contribute to our understanding of the main cause of the ongoing Palestinian-Israeli problems.
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Yavuz, H., (2023). İsrail Devleti'nin Kuruluş Süreci - Balfour Deklarasyonu'ndan Manda Yönetiminin Kurulmasına – 1917-1923. (Doktora Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Konya.
