Türkiye Haplophyllum A. Juss. ve Ruta L. cinslerinin (Rutaceae) taksonomik, morfolojik, anatomik ve moleküler revizyonu
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2015-12-04
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Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada Türkiye'de doğal olarak yayılış gösteren Haplophyllum A.Juss. ve Ruta L. cinslerinin morfolojik, palinolojik, anatomik ve moleküler çalışmaları yapılarak taksonlar arasındaki benzerlik ve farklılıklar ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Taksonomik çalışmalar kapsamında Haplophyllum ve Ruta cinsleri taksonlarının tür tayin anahtarları verilmiştir. Araştırılan taksonların polen yüzey ornamentasyonu ve şekil özellikleri SEM ve ışık mikroskobunda incelenmiştir. Taksonların polen şekilleri suboblat, oblat-sferoidal, prolat-sferoidal ve sub-prolat olup apertür tipi trikolporat ve trizonokolporattır. Polen yüzey ornamentasyonu sitriat, sitriat-perforat, sitriat-mikroretikulat, rugulat ve rugulat-perforat olarak tespit edilmiştir. Anatomik çalışmalar için gövde ve yapraklardan enine kesitler alınmıştır. Gövde anatomik yapısı bazı türlerin ayrımında önemli olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Moleküler çalışmalar kapsamında, Türkiye Haplophyllum ve Ruta cinslerinin yanında Rutaceae familyası ile ilişkili diğer cinsler ve dış grup Spathelia cinsleri kullanılmış ve elde edilen bulgular değerlendirilerek grupların filogenetik ilişkileri ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Aynı türün farklı populasyonları arasındaki varyasyon ve filogenetik ilişkileri ortaya çıkarmak amacıyla Kloroplast DNA'sında yer alan matK, rpl16 ve trnL-F bölgelerinin sekans analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Moleküler çalışmalarda DNA'nın izolasyonu için QIAGEN DNA kiti kullanılmıştır. Moleküler analizler için PAUP ve MrBayes software programları kullanılmıştır. Yapılan arazi ve herbaryum çalışmalarıyla türlerin korolojileri belirlenmiş, Türkiye dağılımı harita üzerinde gösterilmiştir. Türkiye Florası'nda Haplophyllum suaveolens var. cilicicum olan taksonun statü değişikliği yapılarak tür seviyesine çıkarılmış ve H. cilicicum olarak adlandırılmıştır. Ayrıca Haplophyllum suaveolens var. glabrum taksonuda H. hatayensis olarak tür seviyesine çıkarılmıştır. Türkiye Florası'nda sinonim olan Haplophyllum bourgaei ve H. villosulum taksonları canlandırılmıştır. Bunların dışında Haplophyllum ermenekensis Ulukus & Tugay ve Haplophyllum megalanthum Bornm. subsp. manisaensis Ulukus & Tugay yeni taksonlar olarak bilim dünyasına kazandırılmıştır. Yapılan revizyon çalışması sonucunda, Haplophyllum cinsi, şu anda 20 taksonla temsil edilmekte olup bu taksonların 11 tanesi endemik ve endemizm oranı % 55'tir. Ülkemizde Ruta cinsi ise R. montana ve R. chalepensis olmak üzere 2 taksonla temsil edilmektedir.
In this study, taxonomic and systematics studies among Haplophyllum A.Juss. and Ruta L. taxa which are naturally occur in Turkey were done based on morphological, palynological, anatomical and molecular studies. In this regard, a new identification key for the studied taxa was given. Pollen size and surface sculpturing pattern were studied with using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Light Microscopes (LM). Pollen shapes of the taxa were found as suboblate, oblate- spheroidal, prolate- spheroidal and sub-prolate and, their aperture types are tricolporate and trizonolcolporate. Pollen surface sculpturing patterns were determined as striate, striate-perforate, striate-microreticulate, rugulate and rugulate-perforate. For anatomic studies, cross sections from stem and leaves were taken. Stem anatomy was provided some diagnostic features for distinguishing some species. Within the scope of the molecular researches, all Haplophyllum and Ruta species from Turkey and additional taxa from the other genera in the Rutaceae family and Spathelia species were used as out group to construct phylogenetic tree and to show taxonomic relationships among the taxa. On the purpose of morphological variations and phylogenetic relationships among different populations of the same species, sequence analysis of the chloroplast regions, i.e. matK, rpl16 and trnL-F were used. QIAGEN DNA extraction kit was used for DNA isolation in molecular studies. For constructing phylogenetic tree, PAUP and MrBayes softwares were utilized. Chorologies of the species were determined based on the field and herbarium studies, and their distribution maps were given. In this study, Haplophyllum suaveolens var. cilicicum and Haplophyllum suaveolens var. glabrum which were treated as a variety level in the Flora of Turkey have been raised and treated as a species level, as H. cilicicum and H. hatayensis, respectively. Haplophyllum bourgaei and H. villosulum, which were treated as synonymous in Flora of Turkey, have been resurrected. In addition, Haplophyllum ermenekensis Ulukus & Tugay and Haplophyllum megalanthum Bornm. subsp. manisaensis Ulukus & Tugay have been described as new taxa in this study. In consequence of this revision, the genus Haplophyllum is represented with 20 taxa in Turkey, 11 of which are endemic and their endemism ratio is 55 %. As for the genus Ruta, it is represented with 2 taxa as R.. montana and R.. chalepensis in Turkey.
In this study, taxonomic and systematics studies among Haplophyllum A.Juss. and Ruta L. taxa which are naturally occur in Turkey were done based on morphological, palynological, anatomical and molecular studies. In this regard, a new identification key for the studied taxa was given. Pollen size and surface sculpturing pattern were studied with using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Light Microscopes (LM). Pollen shapes of the taxa were found as suboblate, oblate- spheroidal, prolate- spheroidal and sub-prolate and, their aperture types are tricolporate and trizonolcolporate. Pollen surface sculpturing patterns were determined as striate, striate-perforate, striate-microreticulate, rugulate and rugulate-perforate. For anatomic studies, cross sections from stem and leaves were taken. Stem anatomy was provided some diagnostic features for distinguishing some species. Within the scope of the molecular researches, all Haplophyllum and Ruta species from Turkey and additional taxa from the other genera in the Rutaceae family and Spathelia species were used as out group to construct phylogenetic tree and to show taxonomic relationships among the taxa. On the purpose of morphological variations and phylogenetic relationships among different populations of the same species, sequence analysis of the chloroplast regions, i.e. matK, rpl16 and trnL-F were used. QIAGEN DNA extraction kit was used for DNA isolation in molecular studies. For constructing phylogenetic tree, PAUP and MrBayes softwares were utilized. Chorologies of the species were determined based on the field and herbarium studies, and their distribution maps were given. In this study, Haplophyllum suaveolens var. cilicicum and Haplophyllum suaveolens var. glabrum which were treated as a variety level in the Flora of Turkey have been raised and treated as a species level, as H. cilicicum and H. hatayensis, respectively. Haplophyllum bourgaei and H. villosulum, which were treated as synonymous in Flora of Turkey, have been resurrected. In addition, Haplophyllum ermenekensis Ulukus & Tugay and Haplophyllum megalanthum Bornm. subsp. manisaensis Ulukus & Tugay have been described as new taxa in this study. In consequence of this revision, the genus Haplophyllum is represented with 20 taxa in Turkey, 11 of which are endemic and their endemism ratio is 55 %. As for the genus Ruta, it is represented with 2 taxa as R.. montana and R.. chalepensis in Turkey.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Haplophyllum, Moleküler, Revizyon, Ruta, Rutaceae, Molecular, Revision
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Ulukuş, D. (2015). Türkiye Haplophyllum A. Juss. ve Ruta L. cinslerinin (Rutaceae) taksonomik, morfolojik, anatomik ve moleküler revizyonu. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayımlanmış doktora tezi, Konya.
