Konya yöresinde yetiştirilen kuru fasulyeden izole edilen rhizobium bakterilerinin etkinliklerinin belirlenmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2010
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Konya yöresinde fasulye (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) tarımının yapıldığı alanlardan havanın serbest azotunu bitkiye yarayışlı hale getiren aynı zamanda fasulye bitkisi ile ortak yaşam (simbiyosis) sistemi kuran, Rhizobium sp. populasyonunu ve izolatlarının etkinliklerinin belirlenmesi ile fasulye tarımı yapılan alanlarda azotlu gübre kullanılmasının azaltılması, buna bağlı olarak toprak ve taban suyu kirliliğinin önlenmesi, ayrıca milli ekonomiye katkısı amaçlanmıştır. Laboratuvarda; Leonard'ın şişe denemeleri sonucuna göre, Konya yöresinin farklı yerlerinden izole edilen 94 Rhizobium sp. bakterisinden 1, 3, 5, 23, 69 ve 85 nolu izolatlar referans (CIAT 899) bakterisi ile karşılaştırıldığında (etkinlik bakımından) etkili oldukları belirlenmiştir. Toprak örneklerinde seyreltme metoduyla yapılan Rhizobium sp. sayımında nodüllerin toplandığı alanlar karşılaştırıldığında en yüksek Rhizobium sp. populasyonu 32.2 x 104 adet/10 g toprak ile Ereğli'den alınan topraklarda bulunurken, en düşük Rhizobium sp. bakteri populasyonu 6.7 x 104 adet/10 g toprak ile Karapınar'dan alınan toprak örneklerinde belirlenmiştir. Sera koşullarında Yunus 90 fasulye çeşidiyle, Leonard'ın şişe denemesinden elde edilen sonuçlara göre etkinliği yüksek 1, 3, 5, 23, 69 ve 85 nolu izolatların, Yunus 90 fasulye çeşidiyle sera ve tarla denemesi yürütülmüştür. Sonuçlara göre, azotsuz ve azotlu kontrol ile referans (CIAT 899) bakteriye göre fasulye tarlalarından izole edilen 1, 3 ve 5 nolu izolatların deneme bitkisinin verim, toplam verim ve protein miktarlarının artırılmasında daha etkili oldukları bulunmuş ve bu etkinliklerinin de istatistik olarak önemli olduğu belirlenmiştir (P<0.05). Azot fikse etmesi bakımından hem sera hem de tarla denemeleri ile 1 nolu izolatın diğerlerine göre daha etkili oldukları belirlenmiştir. Öte yandan en dikkat çekici hususlardan birisi de, çiftçilerle yapılan görüşmeler sonucunda, uzun yıllar boyunca bilinçsizce yapılan azotlu gübreleme neticesiyle Rhizobium sp. populasyonunda azalma olmasıdır. Arazide fasulye bitkilerinin köklerinde nodül olmayışı da ortaya çıkan bu durumu desteklemektedir. Etkinliği yüksek olan Rhizobium sp. izolatlarıyla fasulye tohumlarının aşılanarak ekilmesi ile nodül sayısı, verim ve bitkinin kaldırdığı azot miktarı artmaktadır.
The aim was to investigate the effectivenes of Rhizobium sp. population and their isolates which fix free nitrogen of air (in symbiosis with beans) to the soil for available form in bean fields around Konya province. By this way, the reduction of nitrogen fertilizer and ultimately inhibition of soil and ground water pollution prevention, also is intended to contribute to the national economy. Among the isolates of Rhizobium sp. bacteria, collected from different region of Konya province according to laboratory and bottle experiment results of Leonard, the isolates 1, 3, 5, 23, 69 and 85 were found effective in comparison with control bacteria (CIAT 899). When the zones, where the nodules were collected, were compared by the way of dilution method in soil samples, the highest population of Rhizobium sp. was found in soil samples of Ereğli with 32.2 x 104/10 gr soil sample, while the least value was obtained from those collected from Karapınar 6.7 x 104/10 gr soil. According to the findings of greenhouse investigations on bean Yunus 90 and the results of bottle experiments of Leonard, greenhouse and field studies of the most effective isolates 1, 3, 5, 23, 69 and 85 with bean Yunus 90 were conducted. With respect to the results, the isolates 1, 3, and 5 were found more effective for yield, biomass and increment of protein contents according to control plants with or without nitrogen and the reference (CIAT 899), and such effects were statistically significant (P<0.05). When nitrogen fixation potentials were considered, the isolate 1 was found more effective than others, in both greenhouse and field experiments. On the other hand, as one of the most noteworthy findings of this study, as a result of interviews with the farmers, Rhizobium sp. population was found in tendency of reduction due to unconscious usage of fertilizes applied for years. Such findings were further proven by the fact that the roots of beans collected from fields were lacking or in nodules. By the aid of treating bean seeds with the effective Rhizobium sp. lineages, the number of nodules, bean yield, and the nitrogen consumption of beans are increased.
The aim was to investigate the effectivenes of Rhizobium sp. population and their isolates which fix free nitrogen of air (in symbiosis with beans) to the soil for available form in bean fields around Konya province. By this way, the reduction of nitrogen fertilizer and ultimately inhibition of soil and ground water pollution prevention, also is intended to contribute to the national economy. Among the isolates of Rhizobium sp. bacteria, collected from different region of Konya province according to laboratory and bottle experiment results of Leonard, the isolates 1, 3, 5, 23, 69 and 85 were found effective in comparison with control bacteria (CIAT 899). When the zones, where the nodules were collected, were compared by the way of dilution method in soil samples, the highest population of Rhizobium sp. was found in soil samples of Ereğli with 32.2 x 104/10 gr soil sample, while the least value was obtained from those collected from Karapınar 6.7 x 104/10 gr soil. According to the findings of greenhouse investigations on bean Yunus 90 and the results of bottle experiments of Leonard, greenhouse and field studies of the most effective isolates 1, 3, 5, 23, 69 and 85 with bean Yunus 90 were conducted. With respect to the results, the isolates 1, 3, and 5 were found more effective for yield, biomass and increment of protein contents according to control plants with or without nitrogen and the reference (CIAT 899), and such effects were statistically significant (P<0.05). When nitrogen fixation potentials were considered, the isolate 1 was found more effective than others, in both greenhouse and field experiments. On the other hand, as one of the most noteworthy findings of this study, as a result of interviews with the farmers, Rhizobium sp. population was found in tendency of reduction due to unconscious usage of fertilizes applied for years. Such findings were further proven by the fact that the roots of beans collected from fields were lacking or in nodules. By the aid of treating bean seeds with the effective Rhizobium sp. lineages, the number of nodules, bean yield, and the nitrogen consumption of beans are increased.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Azot fiksasyonu, Nitrogen fixation, Aşılama-döküm, Inoculation, Fasulye, Bean, Rhizobium, Verim ögeleri, Yield components
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Karaca, Ü. R. (2010). Konya yöresinde yetiştirilen kuru fasulyeden izole edilen rhizobium bakterilerinin etkinliklerinin belirlenmesi. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayımlanmış doktora tezi, Konya.
