İhsân Abdulkuddûs'un Sukûb Fi's-Sevbi'l-esved adlı eserinin teknik ve tematik yönden incelenmesi
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Date
2019
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Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
Roman türünün Arap coğrafyasında ortaya çıkmasının pek çok etkisi bulunmaktadır. Romanın bu coğrafyada ortaya çıkışından sonra faklı dönemlere de ayrıldığını görmekteyiz. Doğuşu on dokuzuncu yüzyılın son çeyreğinde Avrupa edebiyatlarından yapılan çeviriler yardımıyla olan roman türü, modern Arap romanının büyüyüp gelişmesinin temellerini atmıştır. modern Arap romanı başta Necip Mahfuz'un Nobel Edebiyat Ödülü'nü alması ve diğer modern Arap edebiyatı romancılarının da eser vermesiyle tüm dünyaya yayılmıştır. Modern Arap edebiyatının en önemli isimlerinden biri olan İhsân Abdulkuddus (1919-1990), Arap romanının en aktif döneminin bir roman ve hikâye yazarı olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Yazarın, Mısır devrimini bizzat yaşayan bir yazar olması, Mısır'ın insanını tanıması ve yazmış olduğu siyasi yazılarından dolayı birden fazla hapse girip çıkması ve sadece roman yazarı değil aynı zamanda gazeteci kimliğinin de bulunması göz önüne alındığında bir edebiyatçı için oldukça fazla özelliğe sahip bir romancı olduğu görülmektedir. İhsân Abdulkuddûs'un birkaç alanda etkin ve yetkin olmasının yanı sıra akademisyenler kuşağı olarak da anılan Yûsuf es-Sibâ'i, Necîb Mahfûz, Yusûf İdrîs, Abdurrahmân Munîf ve Abdu'l-Hamîd Cevde es-Sahhar'ın da aralarında bulunduğu ikinci kuşağa mensup bir yazar olması yazarın etkinliğini arttıran diğer unsurlardandır. Yazarın sanata ilk adımları çocukluğundan itibaren yazı yazmaya meraklı olmasıyla atılmıştır. İlk olarak sanata değer veren bir ailenin evladı olma şansına sahip olarak annesinin çıkardığı Ruzu'l-Yûsuf dergisinde roman ve hikaye yazmaya başlamıştır. Önce gazeteciliğe sonra romana yönelen yazar, pek çok okuyucuya ulaşmak amacıyla sembolik bir dil kullanmayıp sade dil kullanarak dikkatleri çekmiştir. Başta "Fi Beytinâ Racul" olmak üzere, hem siyasi hem de romantik konuları romanlarında ele alan yazar, bu çalışmaya konu olan "Sukûb fi's-Sevbi'l-Esved" romanında da; siyahi bir vatandaşın yaşamış olduğu eziklik duygusunu, çekmiş olduğu sıkıntıları ve ailesinin psikolojik yönünü ele almaktadır. Yazarın, romanlarında psikolojik konular işlemesinin nedeni, okuyucunun karşısında karakter analizi yaparak toplumsal sorunları çözmek istemesidir.
There are many reasons for why novel as a literary genre emerged in the Arab region. The novel has gone through different periods after its emergence in this region. With the help of translations from European literature in the last quarter of the nineteenth century, novels laid the foundations of the growth and development of the Modern Arabic novel. The modern Arabic novel has spread all over the world with Naguib Mahfouz's Nobel Prize for Literature and works of other modern Arabic literature novelists. Ihsan Abdel Quddous (1919-1990), one of the most important names of modern Arabic literature, is a novel and story writer of the most productive period of the Arab novel. Considering the fact that the author experienced the Egyptian revolution, he had to go to jail more than once for his political writings, and he was not only a novelist but also had an identity as a journalist, it can be claimed that he was a novelist with a wide background. Ihsan Abdel Quddous is active and competent in several fields, and he is also a member of the second generation, including Yousef al-Sibâ'i, Naguib Mahfouz, Yousef Idrîs, Abd al-Rahman Mounif and Abd al-Hamed Covda al-Sahhar, also known as the generation of academicians, which is among factors that increase the effectiveness of the author. The author started writing novels and stories mainly because he was interested in writing and art since childhood, and had a chance to start writing for his mother's journal Rose al-Youssef as a child of a family who valued art. The author, who first turned to journalism and then to the novel, did not particularly use a symbolic language in order to reach many readers and grabbed their attention with his simple language. The author, who deals with both political and romantic issues in his novels, especially in "There is a Man in our House" , discusses the feeling of oppression that a black citizen faces, the problems he suffers and the psychological state of the family in the novel "Sukub fî al-Savb al-Asvad", which is the focus of this study. The reason why the author deals with psychological issues in his novels is that he aims to deal with social problems through character analysis in the presence of his readers.
There are many reasons for why novel as a literary genre emerged in the Arab region. The novel has gone through different periods after its emergence in this region. With the help of translations from European literature in the last quarter of the nineteenth century, novels laid the foundations of the growth and development of the Modern Arabic novel. The modern Arabic novel has spread all over the world with Naguib Mahfouz's Nobel Prize for Literature and works of other modern Arabic literature novelists. Ihsan Abdel Quddous (1919-1990), one of the most important names of modern Arabic literature, is a novel and story writer of the most productive period of the Arab novel. Considering the fact that the author experienced the Egyptian revolution, he had to go to jail more than once for his political writings, and he was not only a novelist but also had an identity as a journalist, it can be claimed that he was a novelist with a wide background. Ihsan Abdel Quddous is active and competent in several fields, and he is also a member of the second generation, including Yousef al-Sibâ'i, Naguib Mahfouz, Yousef Idrîs, Abd al-Rahman Mounif and Abd al-Hamed Covda al-Sahhar, also known as the generation of academicians, which is among factors that increase the effectiveness of the author. The author started writing novels and stories mainly because he was interested in writing and art since childhood, and had a chance to start writing for his mother's journal Rose al-Youssef as a child of a family who valued art. The author, who first turned to journalism and then to the novel, did not particularly use a symbolic language in order to reach many readers and grabbed their attention with his simple language. The author, who deals with both political and romantic issues in his novels, especially in "There is a Man in our House" , discusses the feeling of oppression that a black citizen faces, the problems he suffers and the psychological state of the family in the novel "Sukub fî al-Savb al-Asvad", which is the focus of this study. The reason why the author deals with psychological issues in his novels is that he aims to deal with social problems through character analysis in the presence of his readers.
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Keywords
Modern Arap edebiyatı, Ġhsân Abdulkuddûs, Sukûb fi‟s-Sevbi‟lEsved, Modern Arabic literature, Ihsan Abdel Quddous, Sukub fî al-Savb alAsvad
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Tuğral, H. (2019). İhsân Abdulkuddûs'un Sukûb Fi's-Sevbi'l-esved adlı eserinin teknik ve tematik yönden incelenmesi. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Konya.
