t030, Türkiye’deki hastanelerden izole edilen metisiline dirençli staphylococcus aureus izolatları arasında en yaygın spa tipidir
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Tarih
2013
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Staphylococcus aureus en sık görülen hastane enfeksiyon etkenleri arasındadır. Farklı koşullara adapte olabilme yeteneği sayesinde S.aureus, başarılı klonları ile epidemilere, hatta bir kıtadan diğerine yayılarak pandemilere yol açabilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de farklı coğrafi bölgelerdeki 12 merkezden 2006-2008 yılları arasında izole edilen 397 metisiline dirençli S.aureus (MRSA) suşunun spa tiplendirmesinin yapılması ve PFGE ve MLST yöntemleri ile klonalitelerinin araştırılmasıdır. Ayrıca 12 merkezin dördünden 2011 yılında izole edilmiş olan 91 MRSA izolatının da spa tipleri belirlenmiştir. PFGE analizleri izolatlar arasında yaygın bir pulsotipin olduğunu göstermiştir. İzolatlardan 363 (%91.4)’ü pulsotip A, 18 (%4.5)’i pulsotip B ve 11 (%2.8)’i pulsotip C olarak bulunmuştur. SCCmec tipleme sonuçlarına göre 363 (%91.4) suş SCCmec tip III, 30 (%7.6) suş SCCmec tip IV olarak tanımlanmıştır. Pulsotipleri temsil eden suşların dizi analizi sonuçlarına göre en yaygın MLST tipinin ST239 (%85.1) olduğu, bunu her ikisi de SCCmec tip IV olarak bulunan ST737 (%4) ve ST97 (%2.8)’nin takip ettiği görülmüştür. İki SCCmec tip IV suşunun MLST tipi ise ST80 olarak bulunmuştur. Test edilen 397 suştan 338 (%85.1)’inin spa tipi t030 olarak saptanmış; bunu t005 (%2.5) ve t632 (%2) takip etmiştir. 2011 yılında izole edilen 91 suşun ise 64 (%70.3)’ü t030, 4 (%4.4)’ü t005, 2 (%2.2)’si t015 ve 2 (%2.2)’si t1094 olarak bulunmuştur. Spa tipi t030’un merkezlerde 2006-2008 suşları arasındaki prevalansı %59-100 arasındadır. İzole edilen suşlar arasında t030’un en yüksek düzeyi Ankara’da (%100) en düşük düzeyi ise Trabzon’da (%59) görülmüştür. İstanbul’da 2006-2008 örnekleri arasında %94.5 olan t030 oranının, 2011 suşları arasında %55’e düştüğü izlenmiştir. Benzer şekilde Konya ve Trabzon örneklerinde de t030 görülme oranının azaldığı belirlenirken, Aydın ilinde yıllar içinde t030 oranında artış olduğu saptanmıştır. Çalışmamızda, altı yıllık süreçte Türkiye’de en sık görülen MRSA klonunun t030 spa tipine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. PCR ile test edilen PVL toksin geni ise 5 (%3) suşta pozitif bulunmuş; bunlardan üçünün SCCmecIII-ST239 ve ikisinin SCCmec tip IV-ST80 olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışma şimdiye kadar Türkiye’de yapılmış olan en geniş epidemiyolojik çalışma olup, hastane kökenli Türkiye klonu olan TR09 (ST239-SCCmecIII-t030) ve toplum kökenli Türkiye klonu olan TR10’nun (ST737-SCCmecIV-t005) Türkiye’de yaygın olarak bulunduğunu göstermiştir.
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most frequent agents causing hospital infections. S.aureus has a great ability to adapt itself to variety of conditions and successful clones can be epidemic and even pandemic by its ability spread from one continent to another. The aims of this study were to detect spa types of 397 methicillin-resistant S.aureus (MRSA) strains isolated from 12 centers in different geographical regions of Turkey from 2006 to 2008, and to investigate their clonality by PFGE and MLST typing. Additionally, 91 MRSA from four of those 12 centers isolated during 2011 were also studied for their spa types. PFGE profiles indicated the presence of a major pulsotype, namely pulsotype A with a rate of 91.4% (363/397), followed by pulsotype B (n 18, 4.5%) and pulsotype C (n 11, 2.8%). Among isolates tested 363 (91.4%) were SCCmec type III, 30 (7.6%) were SCCmec type IV. Sequence analysis of represen tative isolates revealed that ST239 (85.1%) was the most common MLST type followed by two MLST types ST737 (4%), and ST97 (2.8%), both SCCmec type IV. Two isolates were ST80 with SCCmec type IV. Of 397 isolates, 338 (85.1%) were t030, followed by t005 (2.5%) and t632 (2%). Among MRSA isolated during 2011, 64 (70.3%) of 91 were t030, 4 (4.4%) were t005, 2 (2.2%) were t015, and 2 (2.2%) were t1094. Among centers the t030 prevalence of 2006-2008 isolates ranged from 59-100%. The highest t030 prevalence was found in Ankara (100%) and lowest in Trabzon (59%) provinces which are located at central and northestern Anatolia, respectively. In Istanbul province, the prevalence of t030 was 94.5% among 2006-2008 isolates which decreased to 55.5% among 2011 isolates. Also a decrease in t030 rates was observed among samples from Konya and Trabzon but not from Aydin. Our results showed that the most common MRSA clone in Turkey is ST 239-SCCmec type III, t030 which persisted during the six years of the study period. Presence of PVL toxin gene was tested by PCR and 5 (3%) isolates found to be positive, of them two were SCCmec Type IV-ST80 and three were SCCmec Type III- ST239. This study is the largest epidemiological survey ever done in Turkey which showed presence of a hospital Turkish clone TR09 (ST239-SCCmecIII-t030) and a community clone TR10 (ST737-SCCmecIV- t005) largely disseminated in Turkey.
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most frequent agents causing hospital infections. S.aureus has a great ability to adapt itself to variety of conditions and successful clones can be epidemic and even pandemic by its ability spread from one continent to another. The aims of this study were to detect spa types of 397 methicillin-resistant S.aureus (MRSA) strains isolated from 12 centers in different geographical regions of Turkey from 2006 to 2008, and to investigate their clonality by PFGE and MLST typing. Additionally, 91 MRSA from four of those 12 centers isolated during 2011 were also studied for their spa types. PFGE profiles indicated the presence of a major pulsotype, namely pulsotype A with a rate of 91.4% (363/397), followed by pulsotype B (n 18, 4.5%) and pulsotype C (n 11, 2.8%). Among isolates tested 363 (91.4%) were SCCmec type III, 30 (7.6%) were SCCmec type IV. Sequence analysis of represen tative isolates revealed that ST239 (85.1%) was the most common MLST type followed by two MLST types ST737 (4%), and ST97 (2.8%), both SCCmec type IV. Two isolates were ST80 with SCCmec type IV. Of 397 isolates, 338 (85.1%) were t030, followed by t005 (2.5%) and t632 (2%). Among MRSA isolated during 2011, 64 (70.3%) of 91 were t030, 4 (4.4%) were t005, 2 (2.2%) were t015, and 2 (2.2%) were t1094. Among centers the t030 prevalence of 2006-2008 isolates ranged from 59-100%. The highest t030 prevalence was found in Ankara (100%) and lowest in Trabzon (59%) provinces which are located at central and northestern Anatolia, respectively. In Istanbul province, the prevalence of t030 was 94.5% among 2006-2008 isolates which decreased to 55.5% among 2011 isolates. Also a decrease in t030 rates was observed among samples from Konya and Trabzon but not from Aydin. Our results showed that the most common MRSA clone in Turkey is ST 239-SCCmec type III, t030 which persisted during the six years of the study period. Presence of PVL toxin gene was tested by PCR and 5 (3%) isolates found to be positive, of them two were SCCmec Type IV-ST80 and three were SCCmec Type III- ST239. This study is the largest epidemiological survey ever done in Turkey which showed presence of a hospital Turkish clone TR09 (ST239-SCCmecIII-t030) and a community clone TR10 (ST737-SCCmecIV- t005) largely disseminated in Turkey.
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Mikrobiyoloji
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Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni
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Cilt
47
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4
