Organ Nakli Konusunda İstidlal Edilen Hadisler ve Değerlendirilmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi İslami İlimler Fakültesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
İslam Dini, insanların hem dünya hem de âhiret saadetini sağlamayı hedefleyen bir dindir. İnsanın dünya saadeti için, beden ve ruh sağlığını korumaya yönelik bazı emirler vermiştir. Bedenini ayakta tutacak yeterli gıdayı almasını, hastalandığında iyileşmek için gerekli çabayı göstermesini emretmiştir. Akıl ve beden sağlığını korumak için içki ve uyuşturucu maddeleri kullanmasını, kendini yaralama veya intihar etme gibi sağlığına ve canına zarar verebilecek girişimleri haram kılmıştır. Hz. Peygamber’in ‘günde en az beş defa alınan abdestte içinde biriken pislikleri ve mikropları temizlemek için ağız ve burnu yıkamayı, altında mikropların birikmesi nedeniyle uzadığında tırnakları kesmeyi, ağız ve diş temizliği için her namazda misvak kullanmayı (ağız ve diş temizliğini) sünnet kılması’, “koruyucu hekimlik” kısmına girer. İster psiklojik hastalıklar olsun ister bedenî hastalıklar olsun “Her derdin bir devası vardır, tedavi olun. Ancak haram ile tedavi olmayın!” şeklindeki evrensel mesajı ise “tedâvî edici hekimlik” kısmına dahildir. Basit düzeyde de olsa geçmiş asırlarda organların fonksiyonlarını yitirmesi, insanı ölüme sürükleyecek seviyede iflas etmesi gibi hayatı zorlaştıran veya ölüme sebep olan durumlarda, Tıp Bilimi’nin imkanları dahilinde insana organ nakli yapılmaya başlanmıştır. Organ yetmezliği gibi sebeplerle yaşamda zorluk yaşayan veya hayati tehlikeyle karşı karşıya olan insanlara organ bağışı yapmak, bazı İslam alimlerine göre dünyada insan canını kurtarmaya âhirette sevaba nail olmaya vesiledir. Tıp bilimini doğrudan ilgilendiren bu meselenin dini yönü ortaya konulurken hadislerden de yararlanılmaktadır. Biz bu çalışmada, organ nakliyle alakalı ilmî çalışmalarda istidlâl edilen hadisleri incelemeye ve değerlendirmeye çalışacağız. Bu çalışma bir yönüyle fıkhu’l-hadîs yani hadisleri anlama, şer‘î küllî kâidelerle hadislerden hüküm istinbât etmenin pratiğinin incelenmesidir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Hadis, Fıkhu’l-Hadis
Islam is a religion aiming to provide felicity of both life and afterlife for the people. It has given some orders to the people on protecting their physical and mental health to have felicity in this life. It has ordered them to have enough food to keep their body healthy; to make the required effort in order to get recovered. Additionally it has forbidden drinking alcohol and using drugs so as to protect their mind and body health, and the actions like committing suicide that may damage their health and life. The Prophet (his holiness)’s Sunnah, washing the mouth and nose to clean the dirt and microbes accumulated at the ritual washing at least five times a day, cutting the nails when they grow due to the accumulation of microbes under them, using the miswak (mouth and teeth cleaning) in every prayer for the hygiene of the mouth and teeth, are included within the “preventive medicine” section. His universal message that whether it is psychological or physical illness, “Every disease has its cure. Get treatment; but not with haram (the method forbidden in religion)!” is included in the scope of “therapeutic medicine”. In the past centuries, with the help of limited means though, organ transplantation has started to be performed within the possibilities of Medical Science in such cases that make life difficult or cause death as loss of functions of organs or the organ failure at a level that will lead to death. According to some Islamic scholars, donating organs to people who have difficulties in life or who are in danger of death due to the reasons like organ failure, is a means of saving human life in this world and attaining merit in the life after death. While the religious aspect of this issue which directly interests the Medical Science is discussed the hadiths are consulted as well. We, in this study, will try to examine and evaluate the deduced hadiths in the scientific studies on organ donation. In one aspect, this study is an examination of the practice of fiqh al-hadith, that is, understanding the hadiths, and revealing the judgments from the hadiths with the shar'i universal rules.
Islam is a religion aiming to provide felicity of both life and afterlife for the people. It has given some orders to the people on protecting their physical and mental health to have felicity in this life. It has ordered them to have enough food to keep their body healthy; to make the required effort in order to get recovered. Additionally it has forbidden drinking alcohol and using drugs so as to protect their mind and body health, and the actions like committing suicide that may damage their health and life. The Prophet (his holiness)’s Sunnah, washing the mouth and nose to clean the dirt and microbes accumulated at the ritual washing at least five times a day, cutting the nails when they grow due to the accumulation of microbes under them, using the miswak (mouth and teeth cleaning) in every prayer for the hygiene of the mouth and teeth, are included within the “preventive medicine” section. His universal message that whether it is psychological or physical illness, “Every disease has its cure. Get treatment; but not with haram (the method forbidden in religion)!” is included in the scope of “therapeutic medicine”. In the past centuries, with the help of limited means though, organ transplantation has started to be performed within the possibilities of Medical Science in such cases that make life difficult or cause death as loss of functions of organs or the organ failure at a level that will lead to death. According to some Islamic scholars, donating organs to people who have difficulties in life or who are in danger of death due to the reasons like organ failure, is a means of saving human life in this world and attaining merit in the life after death. While the religious aspect of this issue which directly interests the Medical Science is discussed the hadiths are consulted as well. We, in this study, will try to examine and evaluate the deduced hadiths in the scientific studies on organ donation. In one aspect, this study is an examination of the practice of fiqh al-hadith, that is, understanding the hadiths, and revealing the judgments from the hadiths with the shar'i universal rules.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Hadis, Fıkhu’l-hadis, Sağlık, Tıp, Organ nakli, Donör, Beyin ölümü, Hadith, Fiqh al-hadith, Medicine, Organ transplantation, Donor, Brain death
Kaynak
Tevilat Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
2
Sayı
2
Künye
Çetin, M. (2021). Organ nakli konusunda istidlal edilen hadisler ve değerlendirilmesi. Tevilat Dergisi, 2, (2), 209-238. doi: https://doi.org/10.53352/tevilat.992887
