Palyatif bakim servisinde yatan hastaların bakim verenlerinde bakım yükünün belirleyicileri: Spiritüel i̇yi oluşluk, umut ve algılanan sosyal destek düzeyi
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2025
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Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü
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Abstract
Bu araştırma palyatif bakım servisinde yatan hastaların bakım verenlerinde bakım yükü, spiritüel iyi oluş, umut ve algılanan sosyal destek düzeyini belirlemek; bakım yükü ile spiritüel iyi oluş, umut ve algılanan sosyal destek arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmek; bakım yükünü etkileyen faktörleri incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu araştırma tanımlayıcı ve ilişkisel bir çalışmadır. Bu araştırma 01 Mart-30 Eylül 2024 tarihleri arasında Ankara Etlik Şehir Hastanesi Tıbbi Gözlem Kliniği Palyatif Bakım servisinde yatan hastaların bakım verenlerinde yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi toplam 181 bakım veren bireyden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Zarit Bakım Yükü Ölçeği, Spiritüel İyi Oluş Ölçeği, Herth Umut Ölçeği, Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde sayı, yüzde, ortalama ve standart sapma, bağımsız gruplarda t testi, Oneway ANOVA testi, Pearson korelasyon ve çoklu regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bakım verenlerin yaş ortalamasının 42,97±12,14 ve %74,6'sının kadın olduğu saptanmıştır. Bakım verenlerin bakım yükü puan ortalaması 32,98±13,87'dir. Bakım verenlerin bakım yükü ile spiritüel iyi oluş, umut ve algılanan sosyal destek arasında negatif yönlü yüksek düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Bakım verenlerin, cinsiyet (β=0,664), medeni durum (β=0,715), eğitim durumu (β=0,289), yaşadığı yer (β=0,451), yakınlık derecesi (β=0,346), hastanın medeni durumu (β=0,715), hastanın eğitim durumu (β=0,663), hastanın bağımlılık düzeyi (β=0,488), spiritüel iyi oluş (β=0,602), umut (β=0,398) ve algılanan sosyal destek düzeyinin (β=0,556) bakım yükünün önemli bir yordacısı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu değişkenlerin bakım yükü üzerindeki değişimin %69,3'ünü (Adjusted R2= 0,693) açıkladığı saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak bakım veren bireylerin bakım yükü orta düzeydedir. Bakım verilen bireyin evli, okuryazar, tam bağımlı olması; bakım verenin kadın, evli, ilkokul mezunu, ilçede yaşayan ve hastanın eşi olması; bakım verenin spiritüel iyi oluş, umut ve algılanan sosyal destek düzeyi bakım yükünün önemli yordayıcılarıdır. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda bakım veren bireylerin bireysel özellikleri dikkate alınarak bakım yükünün azaltılmasına katkı sağlayabilecek psikososyal ve spiritüel destek, umudu güçlendirme gibi programların planlanması önerilir.
This study was conducted to determine the level of care burden, spiritual well-being, hope and perceived social support in the caregivers of patients hospitalized in the palliative care unit; to evaluate the relationship between care burden and spiritual well-being, hope and perceived social support; and to examine the factors affecting care burden. This research is a descriptive and correlational study. This research was conducted on the caregivers of patients hospitalized in the Palliative Care Service of Ankara Etlik City Hospital Medical Observation Clinic between 01 March and 30 September 2024. The study sample consists of a total of 181 caregivers. The data of the study were collected using the Personal Information Form, Zarit Care Burden Scale, Spiritual Well-being Scale, Herth Hope Scale, and Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale. Number, percentage, mean and standard deviation, t test in independent groups, Oneway ANOVA test, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were used in the evaluation of the data. The level of statistical significance was accepted as p <0.05. It was determined that the average age of the caregivers was 42.97±12.14 and 74.6% were female. The caregiver's care burden mean score was 32.98±13.87. A negative and highly significant relationship was found between the caregiver's care burden and spiritual well-being, hope and perceived social support (p<0.05). It was determined that the caregiver's gender (β=0.664), marital status (β=0.715), educational status (β=0.289), place of residence (β=0.451), degree of closeness (β=0.346), patient's marital status (β=0.715), patient's educational status (β=0.663), patient's dependency level (β=0.488), spiritual well-being (β=0.602), hope (β=0.398) and perceived social support level (β=0.556) were significant predictors of caregiver's care burden. It was found that these variables explained 69.3% of the change in care burden (Adjusted R2= 0.693). As a result, the care burden of caregivers is at a moderate level. The fact that the caregiver is married, literate, and fully dependent; that the caregiver is female, married, a primary school graduate, living in the district, and the spouse of the patient; the spiritual well-being, hope, and perceived social support level of the caregiver are important predictors of the care burden. In line with these results, it is recommended that programs such as psychosocial and spiritual support and strengthening hope be planned, which can contribute to reducing the care burden, by taking into account the individual characteristics of the caregiver.
This study was conducted to determine the level of care burden, spiritual well-being, hope and perceived social support in the caregivers of patients hospitalized in the palliative care unit; to evaluate the relationship between care burden and spiritual well-being, hope and perceived social support; and to examine the factors affecting care burden. This research is a descriptive and correlational study. This research was conducted on the caregivers of patients hospitalized in the Palliative Care Service of Ankara Etlik City Hospital Medical Observation Clinic between 01 March and 30 September 2024. The study sample consists of a total of 181 caregivers. The data of the study were collected using the Personal Information Form, Zarit Care Burden Scale, Spiritual Well-being Scale, Herth Hope Scale, and Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale. Number, percentage, mean and standard deviation, t test in independent groups, Oneway ANOVA test, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were used in the evaluation of the data. The level of statistical significance was accepted as p <0.05. It was determined that the average age of the caregivers was 42.97±12.14 and 74.6% were female. The caregiver's care burden mean score was 32.98±13.87. A negative and highly significant relationship was found between the caregiver's care burden and spiritual well-being, hope and perceived social support (p<0.05). It was determined that the caregiver's gender (β=0.664), marital status (β=0.715), educational status (β=0.289), place of residence (β=0.451), degree of closeness (β=0.346), patient's marital status (β=0.715), patient's educational status (β=0.663), patient's dependency level (β=0.488), spiritual well-being (β=0.602), hope (β=0.398) and perceived social support level (β=0.556) were significant predictors of caregiver's care burden. It was found that these variables explained 69.3% of the change in care burden (Adjusted R2= 0.693). As a result, the care burden of caregivers is at a moderate level. The fact that the caregiver is married, literate, and fully dependent; that the caregiver is female, married, a primary school graduate, living in the district, and the spouse of the patient; the spiritual well-being, hope, and perceived social support level of the caregiver are important predictors of the care burden. In line with these results, it is recommended that programs such as psychosocial and spiritual support and strengthening hope be planned, which can contribute to reducing the care burden, by taking into account the individual characteristics of the caregiver.
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Bakım Verici, Bakım Yükü, Spiritüel İyi Oluş, Umut ve Algılanan Sosyal Destek, Caregiver, Caregiver Burden, Spiritual Well-Being, Hope and Perceived Social Support
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Heybet M. (2025). Palyatif bakim servisinde yatan hastaların bakim verenlerinde bakım yükünün belirleyicileri: Spiritüel i̇yi oluşluk, umut ve algılanan sosyal destek düzeyi. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
