Konya bölgesindeki sera tipi ağıllı koyuculuk işletmelerinin yapısal ve enerji etkinlik parametreleri açısından değerlendirilmesi
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Tarih
2024
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Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Alternatif barınak tasarımlarının geliştirilmesi; hayvan refahının sağlanması, hayvansal üretimde verim ve kalitenin artırılması açısından çok önemli bir yere sahiptir. Sera tipi koyun ağılları, kurulum kolaylığı ve ekonomik olmasının yanı sıra hayvan refahı nedeniyle de son yıllarda daha çok tercih edilir hale gelmiştir. Konya Bölgesi Türkiye'de koyun yetiştiriciliğinde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bu çalışma, son yıllarda yaygın kullanım alanı bulan sera tipi koyun ağıllarının yapısal özelliklerinin ve işletmelerin enerji etkinlik parametrelerinin incelenmesi amacıyla 2022-2023 yılları arasında Konya'da yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada, KOP BKİ (Konya Ovası Projesi Bölge Kalkınma İdaresi Başkanlığı) desteğiyle Konya Bölgesinde inşaa edilen, araştırma amacına uygun, farklı özelliklere sahip 25 adet sera tipi koyun ağıllı hayvancılık işletmesi incelenmiştir. Çalışmada incelenen barınakların seçiminde amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın yürütüldüğü hayvancılık işletmelerinde bulunan sera tipi koyun ağıllarının yapısal yeterliliği ve hayvan refahına uygunluğu araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada ağılların tamamında çelik konstrüksiyon ve dört katmanlı membran (hava geçirgen polivinil astar, nem emici izofelt keçe, ortasında hava kabarcıkları bulunan folyo kaplı bisofol, dış kısmı polyester kaplı) örtü kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir. İncelenen sera tipi koyun ağıllarında; hayvan kapasitesinin 161 baş, yerleşim sıklığının 1.280 m²/hayvan, yemleme uzunluğunun 0,202 m/hayvan, sulama uzunluğunun 0,015 m/hayvan olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırılan sera tipi koyun ağıllarının; tamamında ağıl genişliklerinin 8 m, ağıl uzunluklarının incelenen ağılların % 56'sında 30-34 m değerleri arası olduğu, ağılların tamamının yan duvar yüksekliklerinin 2.60 m olduğu ve yay çatılı planlandığı belirlenmiştir. Sera tipi koyun ağılı, inşaat hızı ve ulaşım kolaylığı gibi özelliklerinden dolayı işletmelerde kullanıcı memnuniyetinin %88 olduğu belirlenmiştir. İncelenen işletmelerin %12'sinde işletme sahiplerinin barınak içi hava kalitesinin yetersizliğinden şikâyetçi olduğu tesbit edilmiştir. Bu durumun, ağıllarda yerleşim sıklığının fazla olmasından ve havalandırmanın yetersiz kullanılmasından kaynaklandığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada, incelenen işletmeler enerji etkinliği yönünden Küçükbaş Hayvan Birimi (KBHB) olarak kapasitelerine göre 150 KBHB altı (1. grup), 150-200 KBHB (2. grup), 201-250 KBHB (3. grup), 251-300 KBHB (4. grup) ve 300 KBHB üzeri (5. grup) olarak 5 farklı grup altında değerlendirilerek karşılaştırılmıştır. Araştırmada, enerji etkinlik parametreleri olarak; enerji kullanım etkinliği (EKE), net enerji verimliliği (NEV), et üretim enerjisi (EÜE), enerji verimliliği (EV) hesaplanmıştır. İşletme grupları içerisinde en yüksek EKE değeri 0,17046±0,01922 ile 1.grupta (150 KBHB altı), en yüksek EV değeri 0,59661±0,04643 ile 3. grupta (201-250 KBHB), en yüksek NEV değeri -207788±45782 MJ ile 1. grupta (150 KBHB altı ) ve en düşük EÜE değeri ise 168,38±13,19 MJ/kg et ile 3. grupta (201-250 KBHB) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, çalışmada en düşük EÜE ve EV değerleri 201-250 KBHB arası kapasiteye sahip işletmelerde hesaplandığından, yeni kurulacak sera tipi ağıllı koyunculuk işletmelerinin 201-250 KBHB kapasiteli kurulması enerjinin etkili kullanımı yönünden tavsiye edilmektedir.
Development of alternative barn designs; It has a very important place in terms of ensuring animal welfare and increasing efficiency and quality in animal production. Greenhouse barns have become more preferred in recent years due to their ease of installation and economy, as well as animal welfare. Konya Region has an important place in sheep breeding in Türkiye. This study was conducted in Konya between 2022 and 2023 to examine the structural features of greenhouse barns, which have found widespread use in recent years, and the energy efficiency parameters of the sheep farms with greenhouse barn. In the research, 25 sheep farms with greenhouse barn with different features, suitable for the research purpose, built in the Konya Region with the support of KOP RDA (Konya Regional Development Administration, Ministry of Development) were examined. Purposive sampling method was used in selecting the barns examined in the study. The structural adequacy and animal welfare compliance of sheep farms with greenhouse barn where the research was conducted were investigated. In the study, it was determined that steel construction and a four-layer membrane (air-permeable polyvinyl lining, moisture-absorbing isofelt felt, foil-covered bisofol with air bubbles in the middle, polyester-coated exterior) cover were used in all of the pens. In the greenhouse barns examined; It was determined that the animal capacity was 161 head, the stocking density was 1.280 m²/animal, the feeding length was 0.202 m/animal, and the irrigation length was 0.015 m/animal. Researched greenhouse barns; It was determined that the width of the barns in all of them was 8 m, the lengths of the barns were between 30-34 m in 56% of the barns examined, the side wall heights of all the barns were 2.60 m and they were planned with bow roofs. It has been determined that user satisfaction in the farms is 88% due to its features such as greenhouse barn, construction speed and ease of transportation. It was determined that in 12% of the farms examined, the owners complained about the inadequate air quality inside the barns. It has been determined that this situation is due to the high density of stocking in the barnns and inadequate use of ventilation. In the study, the farms examined were classified according to their small livestock units (SLU) capacity in terms of energy efficiency: 150 SLU less (1st group), 151-200 SLU (2nd group), 201-250 SLU (3rd group), 251-300 SLU (4th group). and 300 SLU above (5th group) were evaluated and compared under 5 different groups. In the research, energy efficiency parameters were; energy use efficiency (EUE), net energy efficiency (NEE), meat production energy (MPE), energy efficiency (EE) were calculated. Among the farms groups, the highest EUE value is in the 1st group (<150 SLU) with 0.17046±0.01922, the highest EE value is in the 3rd group (201-250 SLU) with 0.59661±0.04643, the highest NEE value It was determined that it was in the 1st group (<150 SLU) with -207788±45782 MJ and the lowest MPE value was in the 3rd group (201-250 SLU) with 168.38±13.19 MJ/kg meat. As a result, since the lowest MPE and EE values in the study were calculated in farms with a capacity of 201-250 SLU, it is recommended to establish newly established sheep farm with greenhouse barn with a capacity of 201-250 SLU in terms of effective use of energy.
Development of alternative barn designs; It has a very important place in terms of ensuring animal welfare and increasing efficiency and quality in animal production. Greenhouse barns have become more preferred in recent years due to their ease of installation and economy, as well as animal welfare. Konya Region has an important place in sheep breeding in Türkiye. This study was conducted in Konya between 2022 and 2023 to examine the structural features of greenhouse barns, which have found widespread use in recent years, and the energy efficiency parameters of the sheep farms with greenhouse barn. In the research, 25 sheep farms with greenhouse barn with different features, suitable for the research purpose, built in the Konya Region with the support of KOP RDA (Konya Regional Development Administration, Ministry of Development) were examined. Purposive sampling method was used in selecting the barns examined in the study. The structural adequacy and animal welfare compliance of sheep farms with greenhouse barn where the research was conducted were investigated. In the study, it was determined that steel construction and a four-layer membrane (air-permeable polyvinyl lining, moisture-absorbing isofelt felt, foil-covered bisofol with air bubbles in the middle, polyester-coated exterior) cover were used in all of the pens. In the greenhouse barns examined; It was determined that the animal capacity was 161 head, the stocking density was 1.280 m²/animal, the feeding length was 0.202 m/animal, and the irrigation length was 0.015 m/animal. Researched greenhouse barns; It was determined that the width of the barns in all of them was 8 m, the lengths of the barns were between 30-34 m in 56% of the barns examined, the side wall heights of all the barns were 2.60 m and they were planned with bow roofs. It has been determined that user satisfaction in the farms is 88% due to its features such as greenhouse barn, construction speed and ease of transportation. It was determined that in 12% of the farms examined, the owners complained about the inadequate air quality inside the barns. It has been determined that this situation is due to the high density of stocking in the barnns and inadequate use of ventilation. In the study, the farms examined were classified according to their small livestock units (SLU) capacity in terms of energy efficiency: 150 SLU less (1st group), 151-200 SLU (2nd group), 201-250 SLU (3rd group), 251-300 SLU (4th group). and 300 SLU above (5th group) were evaluated and compared under 5 different groups. In the research, energy efficiency parameters were; energy use efficiency (EUE), net energy efficiency (NEE), meat production energy (MPE), energy efficiency (EE) were calculated. Among the farms groups, the highest EUE value is in the 1st group (<150 SLU) with 0.17046±0.01922, the highest EE value is in the 3rd group (201-250 SLU) with 0.59661±0.04643, the highest NEE value It was determined that it was in the 1st group (<150 SLU) with -207788±45782 MJ and the lowest MPE value was in the 3rd group (201-250 SLU) with 168.38±13.19 MJ/kg meat. As a result, since the lowest MPE and EE values in the study were calculated in farms with a capacity of 201-250 SLU, it is recommended to establish newly established sheep farm with greenhouse barn with a capacity of 201-250 SLU in terms of effective use of energy.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Sera Tipi Ağıl, Koyunculuk İşletmesi, Enerji Kullanım Etkinliği, Et Üretim Enerjisi, Net Enerji Verimliliği, Greenhouse Barn, Sheep Farming, Energy Use Efficiency, Meat Production Energy, Net Energy Efficiency
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Karakaya A., (2024). Konya Bölgesindeki Sera Tipi Ağıllı Koyuculuk İşletmelerinin Yapısal ve Enerji Etkinlik Parametreleri Açısından Değerlendirilmesi. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
